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Statistical Explanation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 March 2022

Hugh Lehman*
Affiliation:
University of Guelph

Abstract

Wesley Salmon has advanced a new model of explanations of particular facts which requires that the explanans contain laws. The laws used in explanations (according to this model) are of the form P(A · C1, B) = p1 ... P(A · Cn, B) = pn. A condition imposed by Salmon on these laws is that the reference classes, i.e. A · C1 ... A · Cn, be homogenous with reference to the property B. A reference class A is homogenous with reference to a property B if every property which determines a place selection with reference to B within A is statistically irrelevant to B in A. It is argued here that the concept of homogeneity cannot in general be satisfied in scientific explanations and that even a weaker requirement, “epistemic homogeneity,” may be too strong.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1972 by The Philosophy of Science Association

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References

REFERENCES

[1] Hempel, C. and Oppenheim, P.Studies in the Logic of Explanation.” Philosophy of Science XV (1948): 135175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2] Salmon, W.Statistical Explanation.” The Nature and Function of Scientific Theories. Vol. IV. Edited by Robert G. Colodny. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1970.Google Scholar