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Triticum polonicum L. as potential source material for the biofortification of wheat with essential micronutrients

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 November 2018

Teresa Bieńkowska ,
Elżbieta Suchowilska ,
Wolfgang Kandler ,
Rudolf Krska  and
Marian Wiwart
Teresa Bieńkowska
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
Elżbieta Suchowilska*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
Wolfgang Kandler
Affiliation:
Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430-Tulln, Austria
Rudolf Krska
Affiliation:
Department of Agrobiotechnology (IFA-Tulln), Center for Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz Str. 20, 3430-Tulln, Austria
Marian Wiwart
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: ela.suchowilska@uwm.edu.pl
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Abstract

The grain of modern wheat cultivars has a significantly lower mineral content, including the content of copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorous, selenium and zinc. For this reason cereal breeders, are constantly searching for new genetic sources of minerals that are essential in human nutrition. Triticum polonicum, which is grown on a small scale in Spain, southern Italy, Algeria, Ethiopia and warm regions of Asia, deserves special attention in this context. The micronutrient and macronutrient content of T. polonicum versus T. durum and T. aestivum was compared in this study. Polish wheat grain was characterized by the significantly highest content of phosphorus (4.55 g/kg), sulphur (1.82 g/kg), magnesium (1.42 g/kg), zinc (49.5 mg/kg), iron (39.1 mg/kg) and boron (0.56 mg/kg) as well as a low content of aluminium (only 1.04 mg/kg). The macronutrient profile of most T. polonicum lines differed completely from that of common wheat and durum wheat. The principal component analysis supported discrimination of seven Polish wheat lines with a particularly beneficial micronutrient profile (P2, P3, P5, P7, P9, P22 and P25). These lines were characterized by the highest content of copper, iron and zinc, as well as the lowest concentrations of strontium, aluminium and barium which are undesirable in food products. The above lines can be potentially applied as source materials for breeding new wheat varieties. The results of this study indicate that Polish wheat could be used in genetic biofortification of durum wheat and common wheat.

Keywords

durum wheatmicroelementsmultivariate analysisPolish wheat
Type
Research Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 17 , Issue 3 , June 2019 , pp. 213 - 220
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2018 

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