Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-wp2c8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-26T06:40:07.120Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biological processes in cold soils

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 October 2009

Bernard Stonehouse
Bernard Stonehouse
Affiliation:
Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1ER
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This paper presents a simple model of processes by which soils develop in polar and high-altitude regions. It reviews influences of seasonal freezing, permafrost, and vegetation on soil formation; discusses recently formulated concepts of disturbance and damage; and draws attention to developments in remediation, especially possibilities for encouraging natural soil regeneration and rehabilitation processes.

Type
Articles
Information
Polar Record , Volume 35 , Issue 192 , January 1999 , pp. 5 - 10
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1999

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Billings, W.D. 1973. Arctic and alpine vegetations: similarities, differences and susceptibility to disturbance. BioScience 23 (12): 673–704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, R.J.E. 1970. Permafrost in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chernov, Yu.l. 1985. The living tundra. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cole, D.N. 1995a. Experimental trampling of vegetation. I. Relationship between trampling intensity and vegetation response. Journal of Applied Ecology 32: 203–214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cole, D.N. 1995b. Experimental trampling of vegetation. II. Predictors of resistance and resilience. Journal of Applied Ecology 32: 215–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crawford, R.M.M. (editor). 1997. Disturbance and recovery in Arctic lands.: proceedings of the NATO advanced research workshop on disturbance and recovery of Arctic terrestrial ecosystems, Rovaniemi, Finland, 24–30 September 1995. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (NATO Advanced Science Institutes, Series 2, Vol 25).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckhardt, F.E. 1988. Fragility of the plant cover in the Arctic. Flora 180: 7–17.Google Scholar
Gold, L.W., and Lachenbruch, A.H.. 1973. Thermal conditions in permafrost: a review of the North American literature. In: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Permafrost, North American contribution. Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences.Google Scholar
Iskandar, I.K., Wright, E.A., Radke, J.K., Sharratt, B.S., Groenevelt, P.H., and Hinzman, L.D. (editors). 1997. Proceedings of the international symposium on physics, chemistry and ecology of seasonally frozen soils, Fairbanks, Alaska, June 10–12 1997. Hanover, NH: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Special Report 97–10).Google Scholar
Klimowicz, Z., Melke, J., and Uziak, S.. 1997. Peat soils in the Bellsund region, Spitsbergen. Polish Polar Research 18 (1): 25–39.Google Scholar
Margalef, R. 1968. Perspectives in ecological theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Muller, S.W. 1947. Permafrost or permanently frozen ground and related engineering problems. Ann Arbor: J.W. Edwards.Google Scholar
Stonehouse, B. 1987. Polar ecology. Glasgow: Blackie.Google Scholar
Strandberg, B. 1997. Vegetation recovery following anthropogenic disturbances in Greenland: with special emphasis on native reinvasion. In: Crawford, R.M.M. (editor). 1997. Disturbance and recovery in Arctic lands.: proceedings of the NATO advanced research workshop on disturbance and recovery of Arctic terrestrial ecosystems, Rovaniemi, Finland, 24–30 September 1995. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers (NATO Advanced Science Institutes, Series 2, Vol 25): 381–390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ugolini, F.C. 1967. Soils. In: Greene, S.W., Gressitt, J.L., Koob, D., Llano, G.A., Rudolph, E.D., Singer, R., Steere, W.C., and Ugolini, F.C. (editors). Terrestrial life of Antarctica. Washington DC: American Geographical Society (Folio 5, Antarctic Map Folio Series.Google Scholar
van Andel, J., and Bergh, J.P. van den. 1987. Disturbance of grasslands: outline of the theme. In: van Andel, J., Bakker, J.P., and Snaydon, R.W. (editors). Disturbance in grasslands: causes, effects and processes. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walker, D.A., Cate, D., Brown, J., and Racine, C. (editors). 1987. Disturbance and recovery of Arctic Alaskan tundra terrain. Hanover, NH: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Report 87–11).Google Scholar
Washburn, A.L. 1973. Periglacial processes and environments. London: Edward Arnold.Google Scholar
Webber, P.J., and Walker, D.A.. 1987. Concepts of disturbance and recovery. In: Walker, D.A., Cate, D., Brown, J., and Racine, C. (editors). 1987. Disturbance and recovery of Arctic Alaskan tundra terrain. Hanover, NH: US Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL Report 87–11): 5–8.Google Scholar
Westman, W.E. 1978. Measuring the inertia and resilience of ecosystems. BioScience 28 (11): 705–710.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, P.S. 1979. Pattern, process and natural disturbance in vegetation. Botanical Review 45: 429–499.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, P.J., and Smith, M.W.. 1989. The frozen Earth: fundamentals of geocryology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar