Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-18T00:16:24.420Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Gospel of Reform: The Social Gospel and Health Care Reform Attitudes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2018

Eric L. McDaniel*
Affiliation:
University of Texas at Austin
Kenneth M. Miller
Affiliation:
State University of New York
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Eric L. McDaniel, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station A1800 Austin, Texas 78712. E-mail: emcdaniel@austin.utexas.edu

Abstract

Most research on the social gospel, a religious interpretation that obliges people to care for the less fortunate and correct social inequalities, has focused on elite rhetoric. However, it is not clear the extent to which members of the public also adhere to this socioreligious philosophy. The moralistic tone of the 2010 health care reform debate has led many to argue that there is a revival of the social gospel. To what extent has this debate gained traction among citizens writ large? Which individuals will be most likely to be influenced by elite discourse that draws social gospel? Using two unique surveys and an experiment, we demonstrate that Social Gospel adherents have distinctive political attitudes. Specifically, they are more attentive to social policy issues and are more supportive of expanding the social safety net. Second, we demonstrate that elite rhetoric that draws from the Social Gospel tradition can influence policy preferences.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Religion and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Achen, Christopher H. 1982. Interpreting and Using Regression. Sage University Paper Series on Quantitative Applications in the Social Sciences. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adkins, Todd, Layman, Geoffrey C., Campbell, David E., and Green, John C.. 2013. “Religious Group Cues and Citizen Policy Attitudes in the United States.” Politics and Religion 6 (2): 235–63.Google Scholar
Albertson, Bethany L. 2011. “Religious Appeals and Implicit Attitudes.” Political Psychology 32: 109–30.Google Scholar
Barber, William J, and Wilson-Hartgrove, Jonathan. 2016. The Third Reconstruction : Moral Mondays, Fusion Politics, and the Rise of A new Justice Movement. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Barker, David C. 2005. Values, Frames, and Persuasion in Presidential Nomination Campaigns. Political Behavior 27 (4): 375–94.Google Scholar
Benson, Peter L., and Williams, Dorothy Lowe. 1982. Religion on Capitol Hill: Myths and Realities. San Francisco: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Bentler, P. M. 1990. “Comparative Fit Indices in Structural Models.” Quantitative Methods in Psychology 107: 238–46.Google Scholar
Bentler, P. M., and Bonett, Douglas G.. 1980. “Significance Tests and Goodness of Fit in the Analysis of Covariance Structures.” Psychological Bulletin 88: 588606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Browne, Michael W., and Cudeck, Robert. 1992. “Alternative Ways of Assessing Model Fit.” Sociological Methods Research 21: 230–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calfano, Brian Robert, and Djupe, Paul A.. 2009. God Talk: Religious Cues and Electoral Support. Political Research Quarterly 62 (2): 329–39.Google Scholar
Campbell, David E., Green, John C., and Layman, Geoffrey C.. 2011. “The Party Faithful: Partisan Images, Candidate Religion, and the Electoral Impact of Party Identification.” American Journal of Political Science 55 (1): 4258.Google Scholar
Chong, Dennis. 2000. Rational Lives: Norms and Values in Politics and Society. Chicago, Ill.: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Cobb, Michael D., and Kuklinski, James H.. 1997. Changing Minds: Political Arguments and Political Persuasion. American Journal of Political Science 41 (1): 88121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collins, Gail. 2013. “The House Just Wants to Snack.” In The New York Times. New York. Section A.Google Scholar
Conrad, Peter, and Schneider, Joseph W.. 1980. Deviance and Medicalization: From Badness to Sickness. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Curtis, Susan. 1991. A Consuming Faith: The Social Gospel and Modern American Culture, New Studies in American Intellectual and Cultural History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Davidson, James D. 1975. Glock's Model of Religious Commitment: Assessing Some Different Approaches and Results. Review of Religious Research 2: 8393.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dawson, Michael C. 1994. Behind the Mule: Race and Class in African American Politics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Delaney, Arthur, and Kaleem, Jaweed. 2013. “Food Stamp Cuts Spark Bible Debate.” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/17/food-stamp-cuts-bible-debate_n_3293982.html (July 25 2014).Google Scholar
Djupe, Paul A., and Calfano, Brian R.. 2013. Divine Intervention? The Influence of Religious Value Communication on U.S. Intervention Policy. Political Behavior 35 (4): 643–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Djupe, Paul A., and Gwiasda, Gregory W.. 2010. Evangelizing the Environment: Decision Process Effects in Political Persuasion. Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 49 (1): 7386.Google Scholar
Domke, David, and Coe, Kevin. 2008. The God Strategy: How Religion Became a Political Weapon in America. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Druckman, James N. 2001. On the Limits of Framing Effects: Who Can Frame? The Journal of Politics 63 (4): 1041–66.Google Scholar
Druckman, James N. 2011. “What's It All About?: Framing in Political Science.” In Perspectives on Framing, ed. Keren, Gideon. New York: Psychology Press, 279301.Google Scholar
Gilens, Martin, and Murakawa, Naomi. 2002. “Elite Cues and Political Decision Making.” In Political Decision Making, Deliberation, and Participation, Vol. 6, eds. Carpini, Michael X. Delli, Huddy, Leonie and Shapiro, Robert Y.. Stamford, CT: JAI Press, 1549.Google Scholar
Gilgoff, Dan. 2009. “Christian Radio Ad Pushing Universal Healthcare Harnesses Local Faith-Based Influence.” In U.S. News and World Report.Google Scholar
Glock, Charles Y., and Stark, Rodney. 1965. Religion and Society in Tension. Chicago: Rand McNally.Google Scholar
Gurin, Patricia, Hatchett, Shirley, and Jackson, James S.. 1989. Hope and Independence: Blacks’ Response to Electoral and Party Politics. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Guth, James, Green, John C., Smidt, Corwin E., Kellstedt, Lyman A., and Poloma, Margaret M.. 1997. The Bully Pulpit: The Politics of Protestant Clergy. Lawrence, KN: University of Kansas Press.Google Scholar
Harris-Lacewell, Melissa Victoria. 2004. Barbershops, Bibles and BET: Everyday Talk and Black Political Thought. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Hefland, Duke. 2009. “Obama to Preach his Healthcare Message to Religious Leaders.” In Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles. 11.Google Scholar
Jacobs, Lawrence R., and Shapiro, Robert Y.. 1995. Don't Blame the Public for Failed Health Care Reform. Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law 20 (2): 411–23.Google Scholar
Javers, Eamon. 2009. “Barack Obama invokes Jesus more than George W. Bush.” In Politico.Google Scholar
Koch, Jeffrey W. 1998. Political Rhetoric and Political Persuasion: The Changing Structure of Citizens’ Preferences on Health Insurance During Policy Debate. The Public Opinion Quarterly 62 (2): 209–29.Google Scholar
Kuo, J. David. 2006. Tempting Faith : An Inside Story of Political Seduction. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Layman, Geoffrey. 2001. The Great Divide: Religious and Cultural Conflict in American Party Politics. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Leege, David C., and Kellstedt, Lyman A.. 1993. “Religious Worldviews and Political Philosophies: Capturing Theory in the Grand Matter Through Empirical Data.” In Rediscovering the Religious Factor in American Politics, eds. Leege, David C. and Kellstedt, Lyman A.. New York: M. E. Sharpe, 216–31.Google Scholar
Lupia, Arthur. 2002. “Who Can Persuade Whom?: Implications From the Nexus of Psychology and Rational Choice Theory.” In Thinking About Political Psychology, ed. Kuklinski, James H.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 5188.Google Scholar
McDaniel, Eric L. 2016. “What Kind of Christian Are You? Religious Ideologies and Political Attitudes.” Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion: n/a–n/a.Google Scholar
McDermott, Monika L. 2009. Religious Stereotyping and Voter Support for Evangelical Candidates. Political Research Quarterly 62 (2): 340–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McLaughlin, Bryan, and Thompson, Bailey A.. 2016. Conditioned by Race: How Race and Religion Intersect to Affect Candidate Evaluations. Politics and Religion 9: 605–29.Google Scholar
McLaughlin, Bryan, and Wise, David. 2014. Cueing God: Religious Cues and Voter Support. Politics and Religion 7 (2): 366–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendelberg, Tali. 2001. The Race Card. Princeton: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mockabee, Stephen T., Wald, Kenneth D., and Leege, David C.. 2007. Reexamining Religiosity: A Report on the New Religion Items in the 2006 ANES Pilot Study. Report no. ANES Pilot Study Report, No. nes011907.Google Scholar
Morone, James A. 2003. Hellfire Nation: The Politics of Sin in American History. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1325.Google Scholar
Morone, James A. 2005. “Morality, Politics, and Health Policy.” In Policy Challenges in Modern Health Care, eds. Mechanic, David, Rogut, Lynn B., Colby, David C. and Knickman, James R.. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.Google Scholar
Musser, Donald W., and Price, Joseph L.. 1992. A New Handbook of Christian Theology. Nashville, TN: Abingdon Press.Google Scholar
Nelson, Thomas E. 1999. “Group Affect and Attribution in Social Policy Opinion.” The Journal of Politics 61: 331–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nichols, Len M. 2007. The Moral Case for Covering Children (and Everyone Else). Health Affairs 26 (2): 405–7.Google Scholar
Parsons, Talcott. 1951. The Social System. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert D., and Campbell, David E.. 2010. American Grace : How Religion Divides and Unites Us. New York: Simon AND Schuster.Google Scholar
Rauschenbusch, Walter. 1918. A Theology for the Social Gospel. New York: The Macmillan Company.Google Scholar
Reinhardt, Uwe E. 2002. “Dividing up Health Care by Income Class.” In Boston Globe August, Boston.Google Scholar
Riker, William H. 1996. The Strategy of Rhetoric : Campaigning for the American Constitution. New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Rosen, Anne Farris, and Clement, Scott. 2009. Religious Groups Weigh In on Health Care Reform. Report no. October 8. Pew Forum.Google Scholar
Salmon, Jacqueline L. 2009. “Pulling Together on Health Care.” In The Washington Post. Washington D.C. B02.Google Scholar
Schneider, Anne, and Ingram, Helen. 1993. Social Construction of Target Populations: Implications for Politics and Policy. The American Political Science Review 87 (2): 334–47.Google Scholar
Sears, David O., Henry, P.J., and Kosterman, Rick. 2000. “Egalitarian Values and Contemporary Racial Politics.” In Racialized Politics: The Debate About Racism in America, eds. Sears, David O., Sidanius, Jim and Bobo, Lawrence. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 75117.Google Scholar
Sheeran, Thomas J. 2009. “‘Woe is me’ to Those who Miss Biblical Rhetoric–Scholars Say Cultural Literacy Includes Bible Knowledge, but Fewer and Fewer Have it.” In Grand Rapids Press, The (MI). C3.Google Scholar
Simon, Stephanie. 2009. “In Political Ads, Christian Left Mounts Sermonic Campaign.” In Wall Street Journal. New York.Google Scholar
Smidt, Corwin E., Kellstedt, Lyman A, and Guth, James L.. 2009. “The Role of Religion in American Politics: Explanatory Theories and Associated Analytical and Measurement Issues.” In The Oxford Handbook of Religious and American Politics, eds. Smidt, Corwin E., Kellstedt, Lyman A. and Guth, James L.. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Spolar, Matthew. 2009. “Religious Groups Rally for Health Care in Camden.” In The Philadelphia Inquirer. Philadelphia.Google Scholar
Stone, Deborah. 2012. Policy Paradox : The art of Political Decision Making. New York: W.W. Norton AND Co.Google Scholar
Tanaka, J. S. 1993. “Multifaceted Conceptions of Fit in Structural Equation Models.” In Testing Structural Equation Models, eds. Bollen, Kenneth A. and Long, J. Scott, pp. 1039. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.Google Scholar
Thomas, Oliver. 2009. “Would God Back Universal Health Care?” In USA Today, 10A.Google Scholar
Valentino, Nicholas A., Hutchings, Vincent L., and White, Ismail K.. 2002. Cues That Matter: How Political Ads Prime Racial Attitudes During Campaigns. American Political Science Review 96 (1): 7590.Google Scholar
Wald, Kenneth D., and Calhoun-Brown, Allison. 2007. Religion and Politics in the United States. New York: Rowman and Littlefield.Google Scholar
Walling, Linda Hanna. 2010. Moral Vision in the Health Care Reform Bills. Report no. January 7. Cleveland, OH: Faithful Reform in Health Care.Google Scholar
Weber, Christopher, and Thornton, Matthew. 2012. Courting Christians: How Political Candidates Prime Religious Considerations in Campaign Ads. The Journal of Politics 74 (2): 400–13.Google Scholar
Weisberg, Herbert F., Haynes, Audrey A., and Krosnick, Jon A.. 1995. “Social Group Polarization in 1992.” In Democracy's Feast, ed. Weisberg, Herbert F.. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House, 241–59.Google Scholar
Wilson, J. Matthew. 2009. “Religion and American Public Opinion: Economic Issues.” In The Oxford Handbook of Religion and American Politics, eds. Smidt, Corwin E., Kellstedt, Lyman A. and Guth, James L.. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar