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Displays of emotion and citizen support for Merkel and Gysi

How emotional contagion affects evaluations of leadership

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 December 2017

Oscar W. Gabriel  and
Lena Masch
Oscar W. Gabriel*
Affiliation:
University of Stuttgart
Lena Masch
Affiliation:
University of Düsseldorf
*
Correspondence: Oscar W. Gabriel, University of Stuttgart, Institute for Social Sciences, Department of Political Science, Breitscheidstr. 2, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany. Email: oscar.gabriel@sowi.uni-stuttgart.de
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Abstract

Emotional appeals have always been an important instrument in the mobilization of political support in modern societies. As found in several experimental studies from the United States, the emotions displayed by leading politicians in their televised public appearances have an impact on the political attitudes and behaviors of the public. Positive emotions such as joy or happiness, pride, and amusement elicit a more positive assessment of politicians, whereas showing negative emotions such as anger or outrage often diminishes the public’s support. This transfer of emotions from sender to recipient has been described as “emotional contagion.” However, under specific circumstances, emotions expressed by politicians can result in counter-empathic reactions among recipients. To examine the role of emotions between political leaders and the public in an institutional and cultural setting outside the United States, this article presents experimental findings on the impact of emotions expressed by two leading German politicians on the German public. The study used emotional displays by Chancellor Angela Merkel and former parliamentary leader of the Left Party, Gregor Gysi, observing how their assessments by the German public changed in response to these displays. Consistent with existing research, we discovered positive effects on the evaluation of both politicians when they displayed positive emotions. However, the impact of negative emotions is different for Merkel and Gysi and can be described as contagion in the former and counter-contagion in the latter case. Furthermore, we found that individual recognition of the expressed emotions modified the effect they had on the evaluation of some leadership characteristics.

Keywords

Leadership qualitiescandidate orientationpersonalizationemotionsemotional contagionsurvey experiments
Type
Articles
Information
Politics and the Life Sciences , Volume 36 , Issue 2 , Fall 2017 , pp. 80 - 103
Copyright
© Association for Politics and the Life Sciences 2017 

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