Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-7drxs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T18:20:22.913Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Recent Constitutional Changes in New England

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2013

Allen Johnson*
Affiliation:
Bowdoin College
Get access

Extract

By reason of their age, their brevity, their rigidity, and their retention of certain archaic features, the six New England constitutions form a distinct class among our State constitutions. Three were drafted in the eighteenth century and the latest only in 1842. All are little more than bare frames of government, prefaced by declarations of rights. Rhode Island enjoys the distinction of possessing the shortest of State constitutions. All fall far below the average length, and they present an almost startling contrast to the bulky new constitution of Oklahoma. At a time when the legislature and the convention are being more frequently employed for the framing of fundamental laws, the process of amending five of the New England constitutions continues to be peculiarly difficult and slow. Maine interposes fewest obstacles to amendments in the organic law. Two-thirds of both chambers of the Maine legislature may propose amendments; a simple majority of those voting on the referendum suffices to adopt them. In all the other States except New Hampshire, an amendment must pass two successive legislatures—by majorities which vary from State to State—before it may be submitted to the electors for ratification. The New Hampshire constitution requires the sense of the voters to be taken every seven years as to the necessity of revising the organic law. If a majority of the electors voting favor revision, the general court must call a convention for that purpose. New Hampshire requires the excessive majority of two-thirds on the referendum, and Rhode Island three-fifths, for the adoption of any amendment. Elsewhere a simple majority of those voting suffices.

Type
Papers
Copyright
Copyright © American Political Science Association 1909

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Professor Dealey gives the average length as 15,500 words. Cf. “Our State Constitutions,” pp. 1, 83.

2 Cf. article by Ford, G. S. in Municipal Affairs, Vol. VI Google Scholar, on the “Rural Domination of Cities in Connecticut.”

3 Cf. Municipal Affairs. Vol. VI, p. 222 Google Scholar.

4 These figures are taken from the Census Returns of 1900.

5 Cf. an article by Charles H. Clark, a member of the convention, in the Yale Review, Vol. XI.

6 Among these was a proposition to extend the suffrage to women. It was defeated by a majority of five to three. An amendment to sever the slender ties which still united church and state received a majority of the votes cast on the referendum, but failed to secure the requisite two-thirds for adoption.

7 Cf. Dealey, 's “Our State Constitutions,” pp. 7980 Google Scholar.

8 The vote was as follows: Yes, 20,295; No, 13,069.

9 Cf. Commons, “Races and Immigrants in America,” pp. 190–191.