¹ United Nations, Report of the Fourth World Conference on Women, U.N. Doc. A/Conf. 177/20 (1995).

² Rebecca J. Cook, The Elimination of Sexual Apartheid: Prospects for the Fourth World Conference on Women 4-6, 23 (American Society of International Law Issue Papers on World Conferences No. 5, 1995).

³ See Charlesworth, Hilary, Women as Sherpas: Are Global Summits Useful for Women?, 22 Feminist Stud. 537 (1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Dutt, Malika, Some Reflections on U.S. Women of Color and the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women and the NGO Forum in Beijing, China, 22 Feminist Stud. 519 (1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Looking At the World Through Women’s Eyes: Proceedings of the Plenary Sessions At the Ngo Forum on Women, Huairou, China (Eva Friedlander ed., 1995); Otto, Dianne, Holding Up Half of the Sky, But for Whose Benefit?: A Critical Analysis of the Fourth World Conference on Women, 6 Australian Feminist L. J. 9 (1996)Google Scholar; symposium issues of journals on Beijing; Issues Quarterly 2(1) 1996 and Women’s Studies Quarterly (1 & 2) 1996. For further references, see Rebecca J. Cook & Valerie L. Oosterveld, A Select Bibliography of Women’s Human Rights, updated periodically on the internet at: http://www.law.utoronto.ca/pubs/h-rights.htm.

⁴ Cook, Rebecca J. & Fathalla, Mahmoud F., Advancing Reproductive Rights beyond Cairo and Beijing, 22 Int’l Family Planning Persp. 115 (1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Larson, Elizabeth L., United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women: Action for Equality, Development and Peace, 10 Emory Int’l L. Rev. 696 (1986)Google Scholar.

⁵ Schachter, Oscar, The Natures and Process of Legal Development in International Society, in The Structure and Process of International Law 745, 755 (Macdonald, R. St. J. & Johnston, D.M. eds., 1986)Google Scholar.

⁶ Id. 749.

⁷ Beijing Platform, para. 42.

⁸ Without Reservation: The Beijing Tribunal on Accountability for Women’s Human Rights (Niamh Reilly ed., 1996).

⁹ Byrnes, Andrew, Slow and Steady Wins the Race? The Development of an Optional Protocol to the Women’S Convention, 91 Proc. Am. Soc’y Int’l L. 384 (1998)Google Scholar.

¹⁰ Beijing Platform, supra note 7, para. 230(k).

¹¹ Byrnes, Andrew & Connors, Jane, Enforcing the Human Rights of Women: A Complaints Procedure for the Women ‘s Convention, 21 Brook. J. Int’l L. 679 (1996)Google Scholar.

¹² Beijing Platform, supra note 7, para. 46.

¹³ Id. para. 277(c).

¹⁴ Schachter, supra note 5, at 750.

¹⁵ Turpel, Mary Ellen, Patriarchy and Paternalism: The Legacy of the Canadian State for First Nations Women, 6 Can. J. Women L. 174 (1993)Google Scholar.

¹⁶ Crenshaw, Kimberle, Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics, 1989 Univ. Chi. Legal F. 139 Google Scholar.

¹⁷ Schachter, supra note 5, at 750.

¹⁸ Beijing Platform, supra note 7, para. 47.

¹⁹ Id.

²⁰ Id.

²¹ An-Na’im, Abdullahi Ahmed, State Responsibility under International Human Rights Law to Change Religious and Customary Laws, in Human Rights of Women: National and International Perspectives 167 (Cooked, Rebecca J., 1994)Google Scholar.

²² Lisa Fishbayn, Gender Equality and the Rights to Culture in the New South Africa 4 (Feb. 13, 1997) (work in progress presented at the University of Toronto Faculty of Law).

²³ Id. at 3.

²⁴ Beijing Platform, supra note 7, para. 24.

²⁵ Id. para. 26.

²⁶ Schachter, supra note 5, at 751.

²⁷ Id.

²⁸ Otto, supra note 3, at 29.

²⁹ Id. at 30.