Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-lvwk9 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-12T10:19:20.517Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Toward A Labor Liberalization Solution to Modern Trafficking in Humans

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2017

Karen E. Bravo
Karen E. Bravo*
Affiliation:
Indiana University School of Law – Indianapolis
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
New Voices: The Role of International Legal Institutions in Norm Development
Information
Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting , Volume 102 , 2008 , pp. 66 - 69
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of International Law 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 See Bravo, Karen E. Exploring the Analogy between Modern Trafficking in Humans and the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, 25 B. U. J. Int’l L. 207 (2007)Google Scholar; Bruch, Elizabeth, Models Wanted: The Search for An Effective Response to Human Trafficking, 40 Stan. J. Int’l L. 1 (2004)Google Scholar.

2 Four million or 600,000 to 800,000 individuals are trafficked annually across international borders. See Women as Chattel: The Emerging Global Market in Trafficking, 1 Gender Matters Q. 1, 1 (1999); U.S. State Department, Trafficking in Persons Report, June 2006, at 6. But see Wong, Diana, The Rumor of Trafficking: Border Controls, Illegal Migration, and the Sovereignty of the Nation-State in Illicit Flows and Criminal Things, 69, 76 (van Schendel, Willem & Abraham, Itty eds., 2005)Google Scholar (“Unverified statistics, such as the figure of US$5 billion to US$7 billion a year in commercial profit, have remained a standard feature [of the discussions about human trafficking].”).

3 See generally Bruch, supra note 1. of these, the law enforcement framework is most influential both internationally and in the United States. A fifth conceptual framework centered on the business organization practices of traffickers is proffered by anti-trafficking scholar, Louise Shelley, but has not yet been transposed into domestic legislation or international treaty instruments. Shelley, Louise, Trafficking in Women: The Business Model Approach, X Brown J. of World Aff. 119 (Summer/Fall 2003)Google Scholar.

4 For more in-depth discussion of the frameworks and the applicable instruments, see Bruch supra note 1 ; and Bravo, supra note 1.

5 The institutional and conceptual investments currently undertaken with respect to human trafficking are all too reminiscent of the institutional and other investments in the “War on Drugs.” We are all too familiar with the successes of that particular “War.”

6 See, e.g., Srikantiah, Jayashri, Perfect Victims and Real Survivors: The Iconic Victim in Domestic Human Trafficking Law, 87 B.U. L. Rev. 157 (2007)Google Scholar.

7 Bravo, supra note , at 281-82.

8 With the significant exception of the European Union.

9 See, e.g., Shelley, supra note 3.

10 Id.