Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-thh2z Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-15T08:47:34.615Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Endocrine management of breast cancer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2011

A. P. M. Forrest
A. P. M. Forrest
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh, Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, Scotland, U.K.
Get access

Extract

The first report that the ovaries influenced the development of the normal human female breast, is to be found in a case record from St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, dated 1775. The surgeon Percival (later Sir Percival) Pott had removed the normal ovaries of a twenty-three-year old girl during the repair of bilateral groin hernias, in which they had become entrapped. He reported that the patient had “enjoyed good health ever since” but that … “Her breasts, which were large, are gone, nor has she ever menstruated since the operation, which is now some years” (Pott 1775).

Type
Review Article
Information
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B: Biological Sciences , Volume 95: Oestrogen and the Human Breast , 1989 , pp. 1 - 10
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adams, J. B. & Wong, M. S. F. 1968. Parendocrine behaviour of human breast cancer in vitro transformation of steroids to physiological active hormones. Journal of Endocrinology 41, 41–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allan, E. & Doisy, E. A. 1923. An ovarian hormone: a preliminary report on its localisation, extraction and partial purification and action in test animals. Journal of the American Medical Association 81, 819–821.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Allan, S. G., Rodger, A., Smyth, J. F., Leonard, R. C. F., Chetty, U. & Forrest, A. P. M. 1985. Tamoxifen as primary treatment of breast cancer in elderly or frail patients: a practical management. British Medical Journal 290, 358.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, E. D. C., Forrest, A. P. M., Levack, P. A., Chetty, U. & Hawkins, R. A. 1989. Response to endocrine manipulation and oestrogen receptor concentrations in large operable breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, D. T., Uno, A. & Melky, J. C. 1969. Adrenal secretion of androgens and oestrogens. Journal of Endocrinology 45, 135–136.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beall, D. 1939. Isolation of oestrone from the adrenal gland. Nature (London) 144, 76.Google Scholar
Beatson, G. T. 1896. Suggestions for a new method of treatment, with illustrative cases. Lancet 2, 104–107, 162–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breast Cancer Trials Committee (S.C.T.O.). 1987. Adjuvant tamoxifen in the management of operable breast cancer: the Scottish trial. Lancet 2, 171–175.Google Scholar
Bulbrook, R. D., Greenwood, F. C. & Hayward, J. L. 1960. Selection of breast cancer patients for adrenalectomy or hypophysectomy by determination of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroids and aetiocholanolone. Lancet i, 1154–1157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dao, T. 1953. Estrogen excretion in women with mammary cancer before and after adrenalectomy. Science 118, 21–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dao, T. L. & Huggins, C. 1955. Bilateral adrenalectomy in the treatment of cancer of the breast. Archives of Surgery 71, 645–657.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Cormelles, F. V. 1922. Action atrophique glandulaire des Rayons X. Archive d'electric Medécin 32, 264. (Cited by Halkerstaeder L. & Hochman A. 1946. The artificial menopause and cancer of the breast. Journal of the American Medical Association 131, 810–816.)Google Scholar
Desphande, N., Jensen, V., Bulbrook, R. D. et al. 1967. Accumulation of tritiated oestradiol by human breast tissue. Steroids 10, 219–232.Google Scholar
Diczfalusy, E. 1964. Endocrine functions of the human fetoplacental unit. Federation Proceedings 23, 791–798.Google ScholarPubMed
Doisy, E. A. 1941. The estrogenic substances. Journal of the American Medical Association 116, 501–505.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group 1988. Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cycotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 319, 26.Google Scholar
Feinleib, M. 1968. Breast cancer and artificial menopause: a cohort study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 41, 315–329.Google ScholarPubMed
Folca, P. J., Glascock, R. F. & Irvine, W. T. 1961. Studies with initiated hexoestrol in advanced breast cancer. Comparison of tissue accumulation of hexoestrol with response to bilateral adrenalectomy and oophorectomy. Lancet 2, 796–798.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forrest, A. P. M. 1972. Endocrines and neoplasia of the breast. In Scientific Basis of Surgery. 2nd edn., ed. Irvine, W. T., pp. 633–658. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Forrest, A. P. M., Blair, D. W. & Valentine, J. M. 1958. Screw implantation of the pituitary with Yttrium-90. Lancet 2, 192–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Forrest, A. P. M. & Peebles-Brown, D. A. 1955. Pituitary radon implant for breast cancer. Lancet 1, 1054–1055.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaskell, D. J., Hawkins, R. A., Sangster, K., Chetty, U. & Forrest, A. P. M. 1989. Immunocytochemical estimation of oestrogen receptors in elderly patients with primary breast cancer: relevance to treatment with tamoxifen. Lancet (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glascock, R. F. & Hoestra, W. G. 1959. Selective accumulation of tritium-labelled hexoestrol by the reproductive organs of immature female goats and sheep. Biochemical Journal 72, 673–682.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gorski, J., Toft, D., Shymila, G. et al. 1968. Hormone receptors: studies on the interaction of estrogen with the uterus. Recent Progress in Hormone Research 24, 48–80.Google ScholarPubMed
Greene, G. L., Jensen, E. V. & Fitch, F. W. 1980. Monoclonal antibodies to estrophilin: probes for the study of estrogen receptors. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 77, 157–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haddow, A., Watkinson, J. M. & Paterson, E. 1944. Influence of synthetic oestrogens upon advanced malignant disease. British Medical Journal 2, 393–398.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harper, M. J. & Walpole, A. L. 1966. Contrasting endocrine activities of cis- and trans-isomers in a series of substituted triphenyl ethylenes. Nature (London) 212, 87.Google Scholar
Hawkins, R. A., Roberts, J. M. & Forrest, A. P. M. 1980. Oestrogen receptors in breast cancer: current status. British Journal of Surgery 67, 153–169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hawkins, R. A., Sangster, K. & Krazewski, A. 1986. Histochemical detection of oestrogen receptors in breast carcinoma: a successful technique. British Journal of Cancer 53, 407–410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huggins, C. & Bergenstal, D. M. 1952. Inhibition of human mammary and prostatic cancers by adrenalectomy. Cancer Research 12, 134–141.Google ScholarPubMed
Huggins, C. & Scott, W. W. 1945. Adrenalectomy for carcinoma of the prostate. Annals of Surgery 122, 1031–1041.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, E. V., Suzuki, T., Kawashima, T. et al. 1968. A two-step mechanism for the interaction of estradiol with rat interns. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. 59, 632–638.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jensen, E. V., Block, G. E., Smith, S., Kyser, K., & De Sombre, E. R. 1971. Estrogen receptors and breast cancer response to adrenalectomy. From Prediction of response in cancer therapy. National Cancer Institute Monograph 34, 55–70.Google ScholarPubMed
Jensen, E. V. & Jacobson, H. I. 1962. Basic guides to the mechanism of estrogen action. Recent Progress in Hormone Research 18, 387–414.Google Scholar
Jones, D., Cameron, E. H. D., Griffiths, K., Gleave, E. N. & Forrest, A. P. M. 1970. Steroid metabolism by human breast tumours. Biochemical Journal 116, 919–921.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
King, R. J., Cowan, D. M. & Inman, D. R. 1965. The uptake of (6,7,-3H) oestradiol by dimethyl benzanthracene induced rat mammary tumours. Journal of Endocrinology 32, 83–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, W. J. & Greene, G. L. 1984. Monoclonal antibodies localise oestrogen receptor in the nuclei of target cells. Nature (London) 307, 745–747.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lacassagne, A. 1932. Apparition de cancers de la mamelle chez la souris male, sourmis alles injection de folliculine. Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris 195, 630.Google Scholar
Lett, H. 1905. An analysis of 99 cases of inoperable carcinoma of the breast treated by oophorectomy. Lancet 1, 227–228.Google Scholar
Lippman, M. E. 1988. Steroid hormone receptors and mechanisms of growth regulation of human breast cancer. In Diagnosis and Management in Breast Cancer, eds. Lippman, M. E., Lichter, A. S. & Danforth, D. N., pp. 326–347. Philadelphia: Sanders.Google Scholar
Loeser, A. A. 1938. Hormone therapy in mastitis and breast cancer. British Medical Journal 2, 319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luft, R., Olivecrona, H. & Sjorgen, B. J. 1952. Hypophysektomie pa manniska. Nordisk Medicin 47, 351–354.Google Scholar
McGuire, W. L., Carbone, P. P., Sears, M. E. & Escher, G. C. 1975. Estrogen receptors in breast cancer: an overview. In Oestrogen receptors in breast cancer, eds. McGuire, W. L., Carbone, P. P. & Vollmer, E. P. pp. 1–7. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Mikhail, G. 1970. Hormone secretion by the human ovaria. Gynecologic Investigation 1, 5–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, W. R., Scott, W. N., Morris, R., Fraser, H. M. & Sharpe, R. M. 1985. Growth of human breast cancer cells inhibited by a luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonist. Nature (London) 313, 231–233.Google Scholar
Miller, W. R., Humenink, V. & Forrest, A. P. M. 1981. Factors affecting dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels in human breast secretion. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 1, 267–272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, W. R. & Forrest, A. P. M. 1974. Oestradiol synthesis by a human breast carcinoma. Lancet 2, 866–869.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murray, W. S. 1928. Ovarian secretion and tumour incidence. Journal of Cancer Research 12, 18.Google Scholar
Nimrod, A. & Ryan, K. J. 1975. Aromatisation of androgens by human abdominal fat. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 40, 367–372.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nolvadex Adjuvant Trial Organisation (NATO) – Steering Committee. 1988. Controlled trial of tamoxifen as a single adjuvant agent in the management of early breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer 57, 608–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Neill, J. S., Elton, R. A. & Miller, W. R. 1988. Adipose tissue aromatase activity in breast quadrants: a link with tumour site. British Medical Journal 296, 741–743.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Neill, J. S. & Miller, W. R. 1987. Aromatase activity in breast adipose tissue from women with benign and malignant breast tumours. British Journal of Cancer 6, 601–604.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, O. H., West, C. D., Hollander, V. P. & Treves, N. E. 1954. Evaluation of endocrine therapy for advanced breast cancer. Journal of the American Medical Association 154, 234–239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pearson, O. H., West, C. D., Li, M. C., MacLean, J. P. & Treves, N. E. 1955. Endocrine therapy of metastatic breast cancer. Archives of Internal Medicine 95, 357–364.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petrakis, N. L., Emster, V. L., Sacks, S. T. et al. 1981. Epidemiology of breast fluid secretion: association with breast cancer risk factors and cerumen type. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 67, 277–284.Google ScholarPubMed
Pott, P. 1775. Ovarian Hernia. In Chirurgical Works, pp. 791–792. London.Google Scholar
Schinzinger, 1889. In Verh. dtsch. Ges. Chir. 18, 28. (Cited by Halberstaeder L. & Hochman A. 1946. The artificial menopause and cancer of the breast. Journal of the American Medical Association 131, 810–816.)Google Scholar
Siiteri, P. K. & Macdonald, P. C. 1973. Role of extraglandular estrogen in human endocrinology. Handbook of Physiology Section 7, volume 2, pp. 615–629. Washington: American Physiological Society.Google Scholar
Strong, J. A., Brown, J. B., Bruce, J., Douglas, M., Klopper, A. & Loraine, J. A. 1956. Sex hormone excretion after bilateral adrenalectomy and oophorectomy in patients with mammary carcinoma. Lancet 2, 955–959.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, S. G., Ayer, J. P. & Morris, R. S. 1950. Cortical steroids in treatment of cancer. Journal of the American Medical Association 144, 1058–1064.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Taylor, S. G. & Momis, R. S. 1951. Hormones in breast metastasis therapy. Medical Clinics of North America 35, 51–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomson, A. 1902. Analysis of cases in which oophorectomy was performed for inoperable carcinoma of the breast. British Medical Journal 2, 1538–1541.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ulrich, P. 1939. Testosterone (hormone male) et son role possible dans le traitment de certains cancers du sein. Acta Union Internationale contre Cancer 4, 377–380.Google Scholar
West, C. D., Hollander, V. P., Whitmore, W. F., Randall, H. T. & Pearson, O. H. 1952. The effect of bilateral adrenalectomy upon neoplastic disease in man. Cancer 5, 1009–1018.3.0.CO;2-M>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
West, C. D., Damast, B. L., Sarro, S. D. & Pearson, O. H. 1956. Conversion of testosterone to estrogens in castrated adrenalectomized human females. Journal of Biological Chemistry 218, 409–418.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wooley, G., Fekete, E. & Little, C. C. 1941. Effect of castration in the dilute brown strain of mice. Endocrinology 28, 341–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar