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Generation of free radicals in germinating Norway spruce. Differences in the effect of two different phenolic compounds*

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 December 2011

Juan Segura-Aguilar ,
Inger Hakman  and
Jan Rydström
Juan Segura-Aguilar*
Affiliation:
Unit for Biochemical Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Wallenberg Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
Inger Hakman
Affiliation:
Department of Botany, Stockholm University, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden
Jan Rydström
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Chalmers T.H. & Göteborg University, Sweden
*
**To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Department for Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, BMC, Box 578, Uppsala University, S-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Synopsis

We have studied the defences of Norway spruce seeds against pollutants during germination, using two different phenolic compounds, 5-OH-1,4-naphthoquinone (5-OH-NQ)3 and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T).

Only small effects of 5-OH-NQ on germination of seeds were observed at concentrations up to 200 μM, which could be explained by the formation of a less reactive metabolite of 5-OH-NQ. These results suggest that Norway spruce seeds have a very effective defence system against quinone and quinonederived reactive oxygen species.

The effect of 2,4,5-T on seed germination was, however, more pronounced, resulting in an abnormal growth of the seedlings. This behaviour was probably due to a strong increase in ethylene production (10-fold) in these seedlings. Also fatty acyl-CoA oxidase activity, a peroxisomal enzyme of β-oxidation that catalyses the formation of H2O2, was found to increase 6.9-fold in seedlings germinated in presence of 2,4,5-T. A strong decrease in the activity of photosystem II and an increase in lipid peroxidation in chloroplasts was also observed.

Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Section B: Biological Sciences , Volume 102: Oxygen and Environmental Stress in Plants , 1994 , pp. 203 - 210
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1994

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Footnotes

*

The results presented in this paper have been published in part in Plant Physiology 100, 1955–1961 (1992) by Segura-Aguilar, J., Hakman, I. & Rydström, J. In addition, a manuscript entitled ‘Effect of 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic acid on germinating Norway spruce’ by Segura-Aguilar, J., Hakman, I. & Rydström, J. has been submitted for publication.

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