Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-q6k6v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-10T22:13:57.414Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Part 2. A logical analysis of the medico-psychological concept of disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

F. Kräupl Taylor
F. Kräupl Taylor
Affiliation:
Maudsley Hospital, London
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

When no endopathological abnormalities are available to serve as classifying criteria, symptom clusters are generally used as substitutes. They then form the core of particular functional diseases, especially in psychiatry. The selection of symptom clusters on the basis of clinical impression is the predominant procedure, but it is subjective and arbitrary. To remedy this shortcoming, cluster-searching methods of a sophisticated statistical nature have been introduced, though they have not so far been conspicuously successful. In some functional psychiatric diseases, such as phobic neurosis, depressive neurosis, war neurosis, and compensation neurosis, exopathological environmental, but normal, events form the classifying criteria. They are presumed to activate idiosyncratic endopathological predispositions. The classification of organic diseases relies on endopathological and inherited exopathological abnormalities as classifying criteria. As an illustration of the establishment of an inherited exopathological disease, the discovery of phenylketonuria as a clinical sign and the gradual elucidation of its pathogenesis are described.

Type
Research Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 2 , Issue 1 , February 1972 , pp. 7 - 16
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1972

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Beckner, M. (1959). The Biological Way of Thought. Columbia University Press: New York.Google Scholar
Brentano, F. (1874). Psychologie vom empirischen Slandpunkte. Felix Meiner: Leipzig.Google Scholar
Centerwall, S. A., and Centerwall, W. R. (1963). The discovery of phenylketonuria, Phenylketonuria, pp. 3–10. Edited by Lyman, F. L.. Thomas: Springfield, III.Google Scholar
Eysenck, H. J. (1960). Classification and the problem of diagnosis, in Handbook of Abnormal Psychology, pp. 1–31. Edited by Eysenck, H. J.. Pitman Medical: London.Google Scholar
Feinstein, A. R. (1967). Clinical Judgment. Williams and Wilkins: Baltimore.Google Scholar
Fleiss, J. L., and Zubin, J. (1969). On the methods and theory of clustering. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 4, 235–250.Google Scholar
Fölling, A. (1934). Uber Ausscheidung von Phenylbrenztraubensäure in den Harn als Stoffwechselanomalie in Verbindung mit Imbezillität. Hoppe-Seylers Zeitschrift für physiologische Chemie, 227, 169–176.Google Scholar
Freud, S. (1915). The unconscious, in The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological works of Sigmund Freud, Vol. 14, p. 177. Hogarth Press: London. 1957.Google Scholar
Freud, S. (1917). Mourning and melancholia, in Collected Papers, Vol. 4, p. 153. Hogarth Press: London. 1946.Google Scholar
Körner, S. (1960). The Philosophy of Mathematics. An Introductory Essay. Hutchinson: London.Google Scholar
Körner, S. (1966). Experience and Theory. An Essay in the Philosophy of Science. Routledge & Kegan Paul: London.Google Scholar
Körner, S. (1969). What is Philosophy? One Philosopher's Answer. Allen Lane, The Penguin Press: London.Google Scholar
Marks, I. M. (1970). The classification of phobic disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 116, 377–386.Google Scholar
Pauling, L., Itano, H. A., Singer, S. J., and Wells, I. C. (1949). Sickle cell anemia, a molecular disease. Science, 110, 543–548.Google Scholar
Penrose, L., and Quastel, J. H. (1937). Metabolic studies in phenylketonuria. Biochemical Journal, 31, 266–274.Google Scholar
Rancurello, A. C. (1968). A Study of Franz Brentano. His Psychological Standpoint and His Significance in the History of Psychology. Academic Press: New York.Google Scholar
Rochlin, G. (1961). Depression (in psychiatry). Encyclopaedia Britannica.Google Scholar
Scadding, J. G. (1967). Diagnosis: The clinician and the computer. Lancet, 2, 877–882.Google Scholar
Sneath, P. H. A. (1962). The construction of taxonomic groups, in Microbial Classification, pp. 289–332. Edited by Ainsworth, G. A. and Sneath, P. H. A.. Cambridge University Press: London.Google Scholar
Sokal, R. R. (1966). Numerical taxonomy. Scientific American, 215, No. 6, pp. 106–116.Google Scholar
Taylor, F. Kräupl (1966). Psychopathology. Its Causes and Symptoms. Butterworths: London.Google Scholar
Virchow, R. (1847). Ueber die Standpunkte in der wissenschaftlichen Medicin. Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin, 1, 3–19.Google Scholar
Virchow, R. (1849). Die naturwissenschaftliche Methode und die Standpunkte in der Therapie. Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin, 2, 3–37.Google Scholar
Virchow, R. (1895). Hundert Jahre allgemeine Pathologie. Berlin.Google Scholar