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Hydrographic shifts south of Australia over the last deglaciation and possible interhemispheric linkages

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 April 2021

Matthias Moros Open the ORCID record for Matthias Moros [Opens in a new window] ,
Patrick De Deckker Open the ORCID record for Patrick De Deckker [Opens in a new window] ,
Kerstin Perner Open the ORCID record for Kerstin Perner [Opens in a new window] ,
Ulysses S. Ninnemann Open the ORCID record for Ulysses S. Ninnemann [Opens in a new window] ,
Lukas Wacker Open the ORCID record for Lukas Wacker [Opens in a new window] ,
Richard Telford Open the ORCID record for Richard Telford [Opens in a new window] ,
Eystein Jansen Open the ORCID record for Eystein Jansen [Opens in a new window] ,
Thomas Blanz Open the ORCID record for Thomas Blanz [Opens in a new window]  and
Ralph Schneider Open the ORCID record for Ralph Schneider [Opens in a new window]
Matthias Moros*
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Patrick De Deckker
Affiliation:
Research School of Earth Sciences, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
Kerstin Perner
Affiliation:
Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Rostock, Germany
Ulysses S. Ninnemann*
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Lukas Wacker
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
Richard Telford
Affiliation:
Ecological and Environmental Change Research Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Eystein Jansen
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
Thomas Blanz
Affiliation:
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, Ludwig-Meyn-Straße 10, Kiel24118, Germany
Ralph Schneider
Affiliation:
Institute of Geosciences, Kiel University, Ludwig-Meyn-Straße 10, Kiel24118, Germany
*
*Corresponding author email addresses:matthias.moros@io-warnemuende.de (M. Moros); ulysses@uib.no (U. Ninnemann).
*Corresponding author email addresses:matthias.moros@io-warnemuende.de (M. Moros); ulysses@uib.no (U. Ninnemann).
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Abstract

Northern and southern hemispheric influences—particularly changes in Southern Hemisphere westerly winds (SSW) and Southern Ocean ventilation—triggered the stepwise atmospheric CO2 increase that accompanied the last deglaciation. One approach for gaining potential insights into past changes in SWW/CO2 upwelling is to reconstruct the positions of the northern oceanic fronts associated with the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Using two deep-sea cores located ~600 km apart off the southern coast of Australia, we detail oceanic changes from ~23 to 6 ka using foraminifer faunal and biomarker alkenone records. Our results indicate a tight coupling between hydrographic and related frontal displacements offshore South Australia (and by analogy, possibly the entire Southern Ocean) and Northern Hemisphere (NH) climate that may help confirm previous hypotheses that the westerlies play a critical role in modulating CO2 uptake and release from the Southern Ocean on millennial and potentially even centennial timescales. The intensity and extent of the northward displacements of the Subtropical Front following well-known NH cold events seem to decrease with progressing NH ice sheet deglaciation and parallel a weakening NH temperature response and amplitude of Intertropical Convergence Zone shifts. In addition, an exceptional poleward shift of Southern Hemisphere fronts occurs during the NH Heinrich Stadial 1. This event was likely facilitated by the NH ice maximum and acted as a coup-de-grâce for glacial ocean stratification and its high CO2 capacitance. Thus, through its influence on the global atmosphere and on ocean mixing, “excessive” NH glaciation could have triggered its own demise by facilitating the destratification of the glacial ocean CO2 state.

Keywords

WesterliesLeeuwin CurrentPlanktic foraminiferaSubtropical FrontSubpolar Front
Type
Thematic Set: Southern Hemisphere Last Glacial Maximum (SHeMax)
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 102 , July 2021 , pp. 130 - 141
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Copyright
Copyright © University of Washington. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2021

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