Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-j824f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T11:43:27.823Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Postglacial Diatom Stratigraphy in Relation to the Recession of Glacial Lake Agassiz

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

J.C. Ritchie  and
L.K. Koivo
L.K. Koivo
Affiliation:
Scarborough College, University of Toronto, West Hill, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The sediment and diatom stratigraphy of a small pond on The Pas moraine, near Grand Rapids, Manitoba, reveals a change in sedimentary environment related directly to the last stages of Glacial Lake Agassiz. Beach sands were replaced by clay 7300 14C y. a., then by organic silt and, at 4000 14C y. a. by coarse organic detritus; the corresponding diatom assemblages were (I) a predominantly planktonic spectrum in beach sands, (II) a rich assemblage of nonplanktonic forms, and (III) a distinctly nonplanktonic acidophilous spectrum. These results confirm Elson's (1967) reconstruction of the extent and chronology of the final (Pipun) stage of Glacial Lake Agassiz. The sedimentary environments change from a sandy beach of a large lake at 7300 BP to a small, shallow eutrophic pond with clay and silt deposition from 7000 to 4000 BP. From 4000 BP to the present, organic detritus was deposited in a shallow pond that tended toward dystrophy.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 5 , Issue 4 , December 1975 , pp. 529 - 540
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alhonen, P., (1971). The stages of the Baltic Seas as indicated by the diatom stratigraphy. Acta Botanica Fennica 92, 1–18.Google Scholar
Andrews, G.W., (1972). Some fallacies of quantitative diatom paleontology. Proceedings of the 1st Symposium on Recent and Fossil Marine Diatoms 285–295Bremerhaven.Google Scholar
Bright, R.C., (1968). Surface-Water Chemistry of Some Minnesota Lakes, with Preliminary Notes on Diatoms. University of Minnesota, Limnology Research Center 108Interim Report 3.Google Scholar
Cholnoky, B.J., (1962). Beitrage zur kenntnis der Okologie der Diatomeen in Ost-Transvaal. Hydrobiologia XIX 1, 57–119.Google Scholar
Cleve-Euler, A., (1951–1955). Die Diatomeen von Schweden und Finnland, Kungl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademy Handlingar 4, Sev. 2(1), 3(3), 4(1), 5(4).Google Scholar
Day, P.R., (1965). Particle fractionation and particle-size analysis. Black, C.A., Methods of Soil Analysis Agronomy 9 Amer. Soc. Agronomy Madison 545–567Part 1.Google Scholar
Duthie, H.C., Sreenivasa, M.R., (1972). The distribution of diatoms on the superficial sediments of Lake Ontario. Proceedings of the 15th Conference of the Great Lakes Research International Association, Great Lakes Research Univ. Michigan Ann Arbor 45–52.Google Scholar
Elson, J.A., (1967). Geology of Glacial Lake Agassiz. Mayer-Oakes, W.J., Life, Land and Water University of Manitoba Press Winnipeg 37–97.Google Scholar
Evans, G.H., (1970). Pollen and diatom analyses of Late-Quaternary deposits in Blelham Basin, North Lancashire. New Phytologist 69, 821–874.Google Scholar
Florin, M.B., Wright, H.E. Jr., (1969). Diatom evidence for the persistence of stagnant glacial ice in Minnesota. Geological Society of America Bulletin 80, 695–704.Google Scholar
Foged, N., (1953). Diatoms from West Greenland. Meddelelser om Groenland 147, 10 1–8613 plates.Google Scholar
Foged, N., (1954). On the diatom flora of some Funen lakes. Folia Limnology of Scandinavia 6, 1–75.Google Scholar
Foged, N., (1964). Freshwater diatoms from Spitsbergen. Tromso Museum Skrifter 11, 1–205.Google Scholar
Falk, R.L., (1966). A review of grain-size parameters. Sedimentology 6, 73–93.Google Scholar
Friedman, G.M., (1961). Distinction between dune, beach and river sands from their textural characteristics. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 31, 514–529.Google Scholar
Greenwood, B., (1969). Sediment parameters and environment discrimination; an application of multivariate statistics. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 6, 1347–1358.Google Scholar
Greenwood, B., (1970). Modern analogues and the evaluation of a Pleistocene sedimentary sequence. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 56, 145–169.Google Scholar
Haworth, E.Y., (1972). Diatom succession in a core from Pickerel Lake, northeastern South Dakota. Geological Society of America Bulletin 83, 157–172.Google Scholar
Hustedt, F., (1930). Bacillariophyta (Diatomeae). Pascher, A., Die Susswasserflora Mitteleuropas Vol. 10, Gustav Fischer Jena 1–466.Google Scholar
Hustedt, F., (1930–1966). Die Kieselalgen Deutschlands, Osterreichs und der Schweiz mit Berucksichtigung der ubrigen Lander Europas sowie der angrenzenden Meeresgebiete. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora Vol. 7, Akad. Verlag Leipzig 1–920, 1–845, 1–816.Google Scholar
Hustedt, F., (1939). Systematische und okologische Untersuchungen uber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra nach dem Material der Deutschen limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. I. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie Supplement 15, 131–177 Hustedt, F., Systematische und okologische Untersuchungen uber die Diatomeen-Flora von Java, Bali und Sumatra nach dem Material der Deutschen limnologischen Sunda-Expedition. I. Archiv fuer Hydrobiologie Supplement 15, 187–295, 393–506, 638–79028 plates; II.16, 1–155, 274–394.Google Scholar
Hustedt, F., (1957). Die Diatomeenflora des Flyssystems der Weser im Gebiet der Hansestadt Bremen. Abhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Bremen 34, 181–440.Google Scholar
Jorgensen, E.G., (1948). Diatom communities in some Danish lakes and ponds. Kongel. Danske Videnskab. Selskab Biol. Skrifter 5, 2 1–14+ 3 pls.Google Scholar
Kolbe, R.W., (1927). Zur Okologie, Morphologie und Systematik der Brackwasser-Diatomeen. Pflanzenforschung 7, 1–146.Google Scholar
Kolmer, J.R., (1973). A wavetank analysis of the beach foreshore grain size distribution. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 43, 200–204.Google Scholar
Lund, J.W.G., (1962). Phytoplankton from some lakes in northern Saskatchewan and from Great Slave Lake. Canadian Journal of Botany 40, 1499–1514.Google Scholar
Mehra, O.P., Jackson, M.L., (1960). Iron oxide removal from soils and clays by a dithionite-citrate system buffered with sodium bicarbonate. Clays and Clay Minerals Proceedings of the 7th Conference, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council Publication 317–327.Google Scholar
Merilainen, J., (1967a). The diatom flora and hydrogen-ion concentration of the water. Annales Botanici Fennici 4, 51–58.Google Scholar
Merilainen, J., (1969). The diatoms of the meromictic Lake Valkiajarvi, in the Finnish Lake District. Annales Botanici Fennici 6, 77–104.Google Scholar
Nilsson, T., (1961). Kvartarpaleontologi. 1–23863 plates. Lund.Google Scholar
Patrick, R., Reimer, C.W., (1966). The diatoms of the United States. Exclusive of Alaska and Hawaii. I. Fragilariaceae, Eunotiaceae, Achnanthaceae, Naviculaceae. Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 13, 1–688.Google Scholar
Prest, V., (1970). Quaternary geology of Canada. Economic Geology and Minerals of Canada Dept. Energy, Mines and Resources Ottawa 676–764Chapt. 12.Google Scholar
Ritchie, J.C., Hadden, K.A., (1975). Pollen stratigraphy of Holocene sediments from the Grand Rapids area, Manitoba, Canada. Reviews of Palaeobotany and Palynology 19, 193–200.Google Scholar
Rowe, J.S., (1959). Forest Regions of Canada. Canadian Department of Northern Affairs and National Resources OttawaBulletin 123.Google Scholar
Schroeder, H., (1939). Die Algenflora der Mulde. Pflanzenforschung 21, 1–83.Google Scholar
Sreenivasa, M.R., (1970). Recent and Extant Diatom Assemblages in Southern Ontario. Ph.D. Thesis University of Waterloo 360.Google Scholar
Sreenivasa, M.R., Duthie, H.C., (1973). Diatom flora of the Grand River, Ontario, Canada. Hydrobiologia 42, 2–3 Sreenivasa, M.R., Duthie, H.C., Diatom flora of the Grand River, Ontario, Canada Hydrobiologia 42, 161–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stockner, J.G., Benson, W.W., (1967). The succession of diatom assemblages in recent sediments of Lake Washington. Limnology and Oceanography 12, 513–532.Google Scholar
Visher, G.S., (1969). Grain size distributions and depositional processes. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 39, 1074–1106.Google Scholar
Wright, H.E. Jr., (1967). A square-rod piston sampler for lake sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 37, 975–976.Google Scholar