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Reconstruction of past climate variability and ENSO-like fluctuations in the southern Gulf of California (Alfonso Basin) since the last glacial maximum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Francisca Staines-Urías*
Affiliation:
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland—GEUS, Department of Marine Geology and Glaciology, Denmark Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement—CEREGE, France
Oscar González-Yajimovich
Affiliation:
Facultad de Ciencias Marinas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada—UABC, Mexico, China
Luc Beaufort
Affiliation:
Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement—CEREGE, France
*
*Corresponding author at: Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, K, Denmark. E-mail address:fsu@geus.dk, franciscastaines@gmail.com (F. Staines-Urías).

Abstract

Nannofossil assemblages from core MD02-2510 provide a ~ 22 ka record of past oceanographic variability in Alfonso Basin (Gulf of California, east subtropical Pacific). In this area, environmental conditions depend on a monsoonal system heavily influenced by changes in the location of the ITCZ and nearby atmospheric pressure centers. To reconstruct nutricline depth and ENSO-like variability, two ecological indexes were calculated based on the relative abundance of the three dominant coccolith species. The late glacial period is characterized by intensified wind-driven upwelling, high primary productivity and La Niña-like conditions. An environmental shift occurs during the glacial–interglacial transition, El Niño-like conditions intensify, nutricline deepens and surface productivity declines. The late Holocene is characterized by a persistent increase in nutricline depth and dominance of El Niño-like conditions. The fluctuations in the composition of the coccolith assemblages can be related to orbital-scale fluctuations in the average position of the ITCZ. However, while the ENSO-like signal that overprints the record varies in response to orbital forcing, on suborbital time scales the relation between ENSO-like conditions and the average position of the ITCZ and the North Pacific High changes, suggesting that the development of persistent El Niño-like conditions is strongly dependent on the specific climatic background.

Type
Original Articles
Copyright
University of Washington

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