Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-fmk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-06T19:21:23.976Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Preparative High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Individual Amino Acids Derived from Fossil Bone Collagen

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Gert Jaap van Klinken  and
Willem G Mook
Gert Jaap van Klinken
Affiliation:
Centrum voor Isotopenonderzoek, State University of Groningen, Westersingel 34, 9718 CM Groningen, The Netherlands
Willem G Mook
Affiliation:
Centrum voor Isotopenonderzoek, State University of Groningen, Westersingel 34, 9718 CM Groningen, The Netherlands
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Extracting a series of amino acids from fossil “collagen” makes it possible to compare chemically well-characterized molecules from one bone sample, both chemically and by isotopic analysis. Thus, the integrity of collagen samples and possible contamination can be checked. We describe the routine high-performance liquid chromatographic extraction of five amino acids: glycine, hydroxyproline, glutamate, threonine and alanine. Humates are eliminated during the extraction, which can be monitored continuously.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , 1990 , pp. 155 - 164
Copyright
Copyright © The American Journal of Science 

References

Bornstein, P and Traub, W 1979 The chemistry and biology of collagen. In Neurath, H and Hill, R L, eds, The Proteins, vol IV. New York, Academic Press.Google Scholar
Brown, TA, Nelson, DE, Vogel, JS and Southon, JR 1988 Improved collagen extraction method by modified Longin method. Radiocarbon 30(2): 171–177.Google Scholar
DeNiro, MJ and Weiner, S 1988a Chemical, enzymatic and spectroscopic characterization of “collagen” and other organic fractions from prehistoric bones. Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 52: 2197–2206.Google Scholar
DeNiro, MJ and Weiner, S 1988b Use of collagenase to purify collagen from prehistoric bones for stable isotope analysis. Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 52: 2425–2431.Google Scholar
Dungworth, G, Vincken, NJ and Schwartz, AW 1974 Compositions of fossil collagens: Analysis by gas-liquid chromatography. Comp Biochem Physiol 47B: 391–399.Google Scholar
El-Daoushy, MFAF, Olsson, IU and Oro, FH 1978 The EDTA and HCl methods of pretreating bones. Geol Fören Stockh Förh 100: 213–219.Google Scholar
Gaebler, OH, Vitti, TG and Vukmirovich, R 1966 Isotope effects in metabolism of 14N and 15N from unlabeled dietary proteins. Can Jour Biochem 44: 1249–1257.Google Scholar
Gillespie, R 1986 Chemical isotope dilution for 14C AMS and the potential for GC/AMS. Radiocarbon 28(3): 1065–1067.Google Scholar
Gillespie, R 1989 Fundamentals of bone degradation chemistry: Collagen is not “the way”. In Long, A, and Kra, RS, eds, Internatl 14C conf, 13th, Proc. Radiocarbon 31(3): 239–246, in press.Google Scholar
Gillespie, R and Hedges, REM 1983 Sample chemistry for the Oxford high energy mass spectrometer. In Stuiver, M and Kra, RS, eds, Internatl 14C conf, 11th, Proc. Radiocarbon 25: 771–774.Google Scholar
Gillespie, R, Hedges, REM and Wand, JO 1984 Radiocarbon dating of bone by accelerator mass spectrometry. Jour Archaeol Sci 11: 165–170.Google Scholar
Gurfinkel, DM 1987 Comparative study of the radiocarbon dating of different bone collagen preparations. Radiocarbon 29(1): 45–52.Google Scholar
Hare, PE and Estep, MLF 1983 Carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of amino acids in modern and fossil collagens. Carnegie Inst Washington Yrbk 82: 410–414.Google Scholar
Hedges, REM and Law, IA 1989 The radiocarbon dating of bone. Appl Geochem 4: 249–253.Google Scholar
Hedges, REM, Law, IA, Bronk, CR and Housley, RA 1989 The Oxford accelerator mass spectrometry facility: Technical developments in routine dating. Archaeometry 31(2): 99–113.Google Scholar
Ho, TY, Marcus, LF and Berger, R 1969 Radiocarbon dating of petroleum-impregnated bone from tar pits at Rancho La Brea, California. Science 164: 1051–1052.Google Scholar
Joseph, MH and Marsden, CA 1986 Amino acids and small peptides. In Lim, CK, ed, HPLC of small molecules, a practical approach. Oxford, IRL Press.Google Scholar
Klinken van, GJ, 1989 Note on the isolation of single amino acids from fossil bone. Appl Geochem 4(3): 271.Google Scholar
Longin, R 1971 New method of collagen extraction for radiocarbon dating. Nature 230: 241–242.Google Scholar
Macko, SA, Estep, MLF, Hare, PE and Hoering, TC 1983 Stable isotopic composition of individual amino acids isolated from cultured microorganisms. Carnegie Inst Washington Yrbk 82: 404–410.Google Scholar
Macko, SA, Fogel, ML, Hare, PE and Hoering, TC 1987 Isotopic fractionation of nitrogen and carbon in the synthesis of amino acids by microorganisms. Chem Geol (Isot Geosci Sec) 65: 79–92.Google Scholar
Mook, WG 1984 Archaeological and geological interest in applying 14C AMS to small samples. Nuclear Instruments & Methods B5: 297–302.Google Scholar
Moore, S and Stein, WH 1951 Chromatography of amino acids on sulphonated polystyrene resins. Jour Biol Chem 192: 663–667.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU, El-Daoushy, MFAF, Abd-El-Mageed, AI and Klasson, M 1974 A comparison of different methods for pretreatment of bones. Geol Fören Stockh Förh 96: 171–181.Google Scholar
Piez, KA 1984 Molecular and aggregate structure of the collagens. In Piez, KA and Reddi, AH, eds, Extracellular matrix biochemistry. New York, Elsevier.Google Scholar
Ramachandran, GN and Reddi, AH 1976 Biochemistry of collagen. New York, Plenum.Google Scholar
Schwarcz, HP, Hedges, REM and Ivanovich, M, eds, 1989 Internatl workshop on fossil bone, 1st, Proc. Appl Geochem 4(3): 211–342.Google Scholar
Stafford, TW Jr, Brendel, K and Duhamel, RC 1988 Radiocarbon, 13C and 15N analysis of fossil bone: Removal of humates with XAD-2 resin. Geochim et Cosmochim Acta 52: 2197–2206.Google Scholar
Stafford, TW Jr, Duhamel, RC, Haynes, CV Jr and Brendel, K 1982 The isolation of proline and hydroxyproline from fossil bone. Life Sci 31: 931–938.Google Scholar
Stafford, TW Jr, Jull, AJT, Brendel, K, Duhamel, RC and Donahue, D 1987 Study of bone radiocarbon dating accuracy at the University of Arizona NSF accelerator facility for Radioisotope analysis. Radiocarbon 29(1): 24–44.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE 1980 Radiocarbon dating of Pleistocene bone: Toward criteria for the selection of samples. In Stuiver, M and Kra, RS, eds, Internatl 14C conf, 10th, Proc. Radiocarbon 22(3): 969–979.Google Scholar
Taylor, RE 1987 AMS 14C dating of critical bone samples: Proposed protocol and criteria for evaluation. Nuclear Instruments & Methods B29: 159–163.Google Scholar
Wand, JO (ms) 1981 Microsample preparation for radiocarbon dating. PhD dissert, Oxford Univ. Google Scholar