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Diffusion technologique et transferts vers un drainage des cerveaux optimal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

Manon Domingues Dos Santos
Manon Domingues Dos Santos*
Affiliation:
EUREQua, Université de Paris†
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Résumé

Cet article étudie l’impact de l’exode des cerveaux sur le bien-être des travailleurs de la région de départ lorsque celle ci peut bénéficier des avancées technologiques de la région d’accueil, par un processus d’imitation, et que les émigrés envoient une partie de leur revenu à leurs proches demeurés sédentaires. Il est montré qu’il peut être optimal pour la région dont l’activité d’innovation est la moins efficace de laisser émigrer une partie de sa main-d’œuvre qualifiée. L’approche retenue permet, également, de comparer le nombre d’émigrés à l’équilibre décentralisé et à l’optimum. Les conclusions dépendent, en outre, de l’efficacité du processus de copiage, de l’importance accordée aux émigrés dans l’objectif de bien-être de la région de départ et de l’ampleur des transferts financiers.

Summary

Summary

This paper studies the impact of the brain-drain on the welfare of the region of emigration when this region is likely to benefit from the technological discoveries realized in the region of arrival by an imitation process and when emigrants send a part of their income to their region of origine. We show that it can be optimal for the region where the sector of innovation is the less efficient to let emigrate a part of its qualified labor force. We also compare the number of emigrants at the decentralized equilibrium and at the optimum. The conclusions depend on the efficiency of the imitation process, on the way emigrants are taken into account in the welfare objective and on the size of financial transferts.

Keywords

F22,015.Journal of Economie Literature:F22,015.
Type
Research Article
Information
Recherches Économiques de Louvain/ Louvain Economic Review , Volume 65 , Issue 3 , 1999 , pp. 323 - 347
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 1999 

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Footnotes

*

Je remercie P.Cahuc, A. Perrot et F. Postel-Vinay pour leurs précieux conseils. Je remercie également deux rapporteurs anomymes pour leur lecture minutieuse et leurs commentaires constructifs.

†

106-110, boulevard de l’Hôpital 75013 Paris, France, e-mail : mdds@univ-paris1.fr

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