No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Cytogenetics of tumours of the female reproductive tract
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 02 March 2009
Extract
Tumours of the reproductive tract present with a great variety and diversity in males as well as in females. They originate from tissues which belong to different embryonic sheets or stem cells, and may appear at various ages, including younger age groups. Some are under hormonal control or influence, others may have a strong environmental component. It is becoming increasingly clear that in tumours, one or more molecular lesions at the DNA level are the causative factor. Their specificity may be very high and may also determine, in part, the phenotype and histology of the proliferation. Discovery of the genes involved was made possible by previous identification of chromosome changes typically occurring in certain tumours.
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994
References
1Parmley, T. Embryology of the female genital tract. In: Kurman, RJ ed. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract, third edition. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987: Chapter 1.Google Scholar
2Sandberg, AA. The chromosomes in human cancer and leukemia, second edition. New York: Elsevier, 1990.Google Scholar
3Mitelman, F. Catalog of chromosome aberrations in cancer, fourth edition. New York: Alan R Liss, 1991.Google Scholar
4Dal Cin, P, Trent, JM. What should oncologists know about cytogenetics in solid tumours? Ann Oncol 1993; 4: 821–24.Google Scholar
5Van den Berghe, H, Dal Cin, P. Chromosomes and cancer. In: Peckhoun, M, Pinedo, B, Seisner, U eds. Oxford textbook of oncology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.Google Scholar
6Sreekantaiah, C, Sandberg, AA. Clustering of aberrations to specific chromosome regions of benign neoplasms. Int J Can 1991; 48: 194–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Gal, D, Forney, JP, Dev, VG, Porter, JC. A new human cell line derived from a poorly differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 1982; 13: 50–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Kusyk, CJ, Turpening, EL, Edwards, CL, Wharton, JT, Copeland, LJ. Karyotype analysis of four solid gynecologic tumors. Gynecol Oncol 1982; 14: 324–38.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Fujita, H, Wake, N, Kutsuzawa, T, Ichinde, K, Hreshchyshyn, MM, Sandberg, AA. Marker chromosomes of the long arm of chromosome 1 in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1985; 18: 283–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Yoshida, MA, Ohyashiki, K, Piver, SM, Sandberg, AA. Recurrent endometrial adenocarcinoma with rearrangement of chromosomes 1 and 11. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1986; 20: 159–62.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Couturier, J, Vielh, P, Salmon, R, Dutrillaux, B. Trisomy and tetrasomy for long arm of chromosome 1 in near-diploid human endometrial adenocarcinomas. Int J Cancer 1986; 38: 17–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12Dutrillaux, B, Couturier, J. Chromosome imbalance in endometrial adenocarcinomas. A possible adaptation to abnormal metabolic pathways. Ann Genet 1986; 29: 76–81.Google ScholarPubMed
13Musilova, J, Michalova, K. Cytogenetic study of cancer cells in effusions. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1986; 19: 271–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Gibas, Z, Rubin, SC. Well differentiated adenocarcinoma of endometrium with simple karyotypic changes. A case report. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1987; 25: 21–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15Couturier, J, Vielh, P, Salmon, RJ, Lombard, M, Dutrillaux, B. Imbalance in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 33: 67–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16Horgas, G, Grubisic, G, Spaventi, S. Trisomy and tetrasomy of the long arm of chromosome 1 in a direct preparation of human endometrial adenocarcinoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 35: 269–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17Milatovich, A, Heerema, NA, Palmer, CG. Cytogenetic studies of endometrial malignancies. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 46: 41–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Chromosome 1 in cervical carcinoma. Lancet 1977; ii: 984.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Chromosome 1 in 26 carcinomas of the cervix uteri: Structural and numerical changes. Cancer 1979; 44: 604–13.3.0.CO;2-G>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20van der Riet-Fox, MF, Retief, AE, van Niekerk, WA. Chromosome changes in 17 human neoplasms studied with banding. Cancer 1979; 44: 2108–19.3.0.CO;2-O>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Nonrandom chromosome changes in carcinoma of the cervix uteri: I. Nine near-diploid tumours. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1982; 7: 209–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Nonrandom chromosome changes in carcinoma of the cervix uteri: II. Ten tumors in the triploid-tetraploid range. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1984; 13: 189–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23Sreekantaiah, CK, Bhargava, MK, Shetty, NY. Chromosome 1 abnormalities in cervical carcinoma. Cancer 1988; 62: 1317–24.3.0.CO;2-K>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24Atkin, NB. Chromosome changes in preneoplastic and neoplastic genital lesions. In: Hausen, PR, Zur, H ed. Banbury report 21: Viral etiology of cervical cancer. Cold Spring Harbor, NY: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1986: 303–10.Google Scholar
25Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Small metacentric marker chromosomes, particularly isochromosomes, in cancer. Hum Genet 1988; 79: 96–102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Abnormal chromosomes including small metacentrics in 14 ovarian cancers. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1987; 26: 355–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27Buttramn, V Jr, Reiter, RC. Uterine leiomyoma etiology, symptomatology, and management. Fertil Steril 1981; 36: 433.Google Scholar
28Compel, C, Silverberg, SC. In: Pathology in gynecology and obstetrics, third edition. Philadelphia: JP Lippincott, 1985: 109.Google Scholar
29Benagiano, G. Uterine fibroids: literature review and summary of posters. Harm Res 1989; 32 (suppl 1): 120–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30Lapam, B, Salomon, L. Diffuse leiomyomatosis of the uterus precluding myomectomy. Obstet Gynecol 1979; 53 (suppl): 82s.Google Scholar
31Gibas, Z, Griffin, CA, Emanuel, BS. Clonal chromosome rearrangements in a uterine myoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 32: 19–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32Heim, S, Nilbert, M, Vanni, R et al. Specific translocation, t(12;14)(q14–15;q23–24), characterizes a subgroup of uterine leiomyomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 32: 13–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
33Turc-Carel, C, Dal Cin, P, Boghosian, L, Terk-Zakarian, J, Sandberg, AA. Consistent breakpoints in region 14q22–q24 in uterine leiomyoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 32: 25–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34Vanni, R, Lecca, U. Involvement of the long arm of chromosome 12 in chromosome rearrangements of uterine leiomyoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 32: 33–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35Mugneret, F, Lizard-Nacol, S, Volk, C, Cuiseinier, F, Colin, F, Turc-Carel, C. Association of breakpoint 14q23 with uterine leiomyoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 34: 201–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36Boghosian, L, Dal Cin, P, Sandberg, AA. An interstitial deletion of chromosome 7 may characterize a subgroup of uterine leiomyoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 34: 207–208.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37Mark, J, Havel, G, Grepp, C, Dahlenfors, R, Wedell, B. Cytogenetical observations in human benign uterine leiomyomas. Anticancer Res 1988; 8: 621–26.Google ScholarPubMed
38Nilbert, M, Heim, S, Mandahl, N et al. Ring formation and structural rearrangements of chromosome 1 as secondary changes in uterine leiomyomas with t(12;14)(q14–15;q23–24). Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 36: 183–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
39Nilbert, M, Heim, S, Mandahl, N, Flodérus, U-M, Willén, H, Mitelman, F. Karyotypic rearrangements in 20 uterine leiomyomas. Cytogenet Cell Genet 1988; 49: 300–304.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
40Sait, SNJ, Dal Cin, P, Ovanessoff, S, Sandberg, AA. A uterine leiomyoma showing both t(12;14) and del(7) abnormalities. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 37: 157–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
41Nilbert, M, Heim, S, Mandahl, N et al. Complex karyotypic anomalies in a bizarre leiomyoma of the uterus. Genes Chrom Cancer 1989; 1: 131–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
42Nilbert, M, Heim, S, Mandahl, N, Flodérus, U-M, Willén, H, Mitelman, F. Different karyotypic abnormalities, t(1;6) and del(7), in two uterine leiomyomas from the same patient. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 42: 51–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
43Vanni, R, Nieddu, M, Paoli, R, Lecca, U. Uterine leiomyoma cytogenetics. I. Rearrangements of chromosome 12. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 37: 49–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44Havel, G, Dahlenfors, R, Wedell, B, Mark, J. Similar chromosomal evolution in a uterine stromomyosarcoma and in one of two leiomyomas from the same patient. APMIS 1989; 97: 143–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
45Havel, G, Wedell, B, Dahlenfors, R, Mark, J. Cytogenetic relationship between uterine lipoleiomyomas and typical leiomyomas. Virchows Archiv B Cell Pathol 1989; 57: 77–79.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
46Mark, J, Havel, G, Grepp, C, Dahlenfors, R, Wedell, B. Chromosomal patterns in human benign uterine leiomyomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 44: 1–13.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
47Nilbert, M, Heim, S, Mandahl, N, Flodérus, U-M, Willén, H, Mitelman, F. Characteristic chromosome abnormalities, including rearrangements of 6p, del(7q), + 12, and t(12;14), in 44 uterine leiomyomas. Hum Genet 1990; 85: 605–11.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
48Nilbert, M, Heim, S, Mandahl, N, Flodérus, U-M, Willén, H, Mitelman, F. Trisomy 12 in uterine leiomyomas. A new cytogenetic subgroup. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 45: 63–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
49Kiechle-Schwarz, M, Berger, CS, Surti, U, Sandberg, AA. Rearrangement of band 10q22 in leiomyomas and leiomyosarcoma of the uterus. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 47: 95–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
50Fan, S-X, Sreekantaiah, C, Berger, CS, Medchill, M, Pedron, S, Sandberg, AA. Cytogenetic findings in nine leiomyomas of the uterus. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 47: 179–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
51Pandis, N, Bardi, G, Sfikas, K, Panayotopoulos, N, Tszrkezoglou, A, Fotiou, S. Complex chromosome rearrangements involving 12q14 in two uterine leiomyomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 49: 51–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
52Pandis, N, Heim, S, Bardi, G et al. Parallel karyotypic evolution and tumor progression in uterine leiomyoma. Genes Chrom Cancer 1990; 2: 311–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
53Pandis, N, Heim, S, Bardi, G, Mandahl, N, Mitelman, F. High resolution mapping of consistent leiomyoma breakpoints in chromosomes 12 and 14 to 12q15 and 14q24.1. Genes Chrom Cancer 1990; 2: 227–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
54Fletcher, JA, Morton, CC, Pavelka, K, Lage, JM. Chromosome aberrations in uterine smooth muscle tumors: potential diagnostic relevance of cytogenetic instability. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 4092–97.Google ScholarPubMed
55Vanni, R, Dal Cin, P, Van Den Berghe, H. Is the chromosome band Ip36 another hot-spot for rearrangements in uterine leiomyoma? Genes Chrom Cancer 1990; 2: 255–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
56Meloni, AM, Surti, U, Sandberg, AA. Deletion of chromosome 13 in leiomyomas of the uterus. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 53: 199–203.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
57Vanni, R, Lecca, U, Faa, G. Uterine leiomyoma cytogenetics. II. Report of forty cases. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 53: 247–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
58Kiechle-Schwarz, M, Sreekantaiah, C, Berger, CS et al. Nonrandom cytogenetic changes in leiomyomas of the female genitourinary tract – a report of 35 cases. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 53: 125–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
59Kiechle-Schwartz, M, Pfleiderer, A, Sreekantaiah, C, Berger, CS, Medchill, MT, Sandberg, AA. Cluster of trisomy 12 to tumors of the female genitourinary tract. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 53: 273–75.Google Scholar
60Stern, C, Kazmierczak, B, Thode, B et al. Leiomyoma cells with 12q15 aberrations can be transformed in vitro and show a relatively stable karyotype during precrisis period. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 54: 223–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
61Pandis, N, Heim, S, Bardi, G et al. Chromosome analysis of 96 uterine leiomyomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 55: 11–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
62Mark, J, Havel, G, Grepp, C, Dahlenfors, R, Wedell, B. Cytogenetics of multiple uterine leiomyomas, parametrial leiomyomas and disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis. Anticancer Res 1991; 11: 33–40.Google ScholarPubMed
63Hu, J, Surti, U. Subgroups of uterine leiomyomas based on cytogentic analysis. Hum Pathol 1991; 22: 1009–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
64Bui, TH, Iselius, L. t(7;22)(q31;12) in a uterine leiomyoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1992; 59: 219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
65Zaloudek, C, Norris, HJ. Mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. In: Kurman, RJ ed. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract, third edition. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1987: 386–93.Google Scholar
66Dal Cin, P, Talcott, J, Abrams, J, Li, FP, Sandberg, AA. Ins(10;19) in an endometrial stromal sarcoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 36: 1–5.Google Scholar
67Dal Cin, P, Boghosian, L, Crickard, K, Sandberg, AA. t(10;17) as the sole change in a uterine leiomyosarcoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1988; 32: 263–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
68Havel, G, Dahlenfors, R, Wedell, B, Mark, J. Similar chromosomal evolution in a uterine stromomyosarcoma and in one of two leiomyomas from the same patient. APMIS 1989; 97: 146–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
69Nilbert, M, Jin, Y, Heim, S et al. Chromosome rearrangements in two uterine sarcomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 44: 27–35.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
70Nilbert, M, Mandahl, N, Heim, S et al. Complex karyotypic changes, including rearrangements of 12q13 and 14q24, in two leiomyosarcomas. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 48: 217–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
71Fletcher, JA, Morton, CC, Pavelka, K, Lage, JM. Chromosome aberrations in uterine smooth muscle tumors: Potential diagnostic relevance of cytogenetic instability. Cancer Res 1990; 50: 4092–97.Google ScholarPubMed
72Sreekantaiah, C, Li, FP, Weidner, N, Sandberg, AA. An endometrial stromal sarcoma with clonal cytogenetic abnormalities. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 55: 163–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
73Fresia, AE, Currie, JL, Farrington, JE, Laxman, R, Griffin, CA. Uterine stromal sarcoma cell line. A cytogenetic and electron microscopic study. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 60: 60–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
74Emoto, M, Iwasaki, H, Kikuchi, M et al. Two cell lines established from mixed Müllerian tumors of the uterus. Morphologic, immunocytochemical, and cytogenetic analyses. Cancer 1992; 69: 1759–68.3.0.CO;2-Z>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
75Sreekantaiah, C, Rao, U, Sandberg, AA. Complex karyotypic aberrations, including i(12p), in malignant mixed Müllerian tumor of the uterus. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1992; 60: 78–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
76Dal Cin, P, Aly, MS, De Wever, I, Moerman, Ph, Van den, Berghe. Endometrial stromal sarcoma t(7;17) (p15–21;q12–21) is a nonrandom chromosome change. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1992; 63: 43–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
77Laxman, R, Currie, JL, Kurman, RJ, Dudzinski, M, Griffin, CA. Cytogenetic profile of uterine sarcomas. Cancer 1993; 71: 1283–88.3.0.CO;2-I>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
78Kurman, RI, Mazur, MT. Benign diseases of endometrium. In: Kurman, RJ ed. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1987: 305–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
79Walter, TA, Fan, SX, Medchill, MT, Berger, CS, Decker, HJH, Sandberg, AA. Inv(12)(p11.2q13) in an endometrial polyp. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 41: 99–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
80Dal Cin, P, Brosens, I, Van Den, Berghe. Involvement of 6p in an endometrial polyp. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 51: 279–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
81Spelemam, F, Dal Cin, P, Van Roy, N et al. Is t(6;20)(p21;q13) a characteristic chromosome changes in endometrial polyps. Genes Chrom Cancer 1991; 3: 318–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
82Dal Cin, P, De Wolf, F, Klerckx, P, Van Den, Berghe. The 6p21 chromosome region is non randomly involved in endometrial polyps: Gynecol Oncol 1992; 46: 393–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
83Fletcher, JA, Pinkus, JL, Lage, JM, Morton, CC, Pinkus, GS. Clonal 6p21 rearrangement is restricted to the mesenchymal component of an endometrial polyp. Genes Chrom Cancer 1992; 5: 260–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
84Vanni, R, Dal Cin, P, Marras, S et al. Endometrial polyp: another benign tumor characterized by 12q13–q15 changes. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1993; 68: 32–33.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
85Czeraobilsky, B. Common epithelial tumors of the overy. In: Kurman, RJ ed. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1987: 560–606.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
86Pejovic, T, Heim, S, Örndal, C et al. Simple numerical chromosome aberrations in well-differentiated malignant epithelial tumors. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 49: 95–101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
87Samuelson, J, Leung, WY, Schwartz, PE, Ng, H-t, Yang-Feng, TL. Trisomy 12 in various ovarian tumors of benign to low malignancy. Am J Hum Genet 1990; 47: A16.Google Scholar
88Bello, MJ, Rey, JA. Chromosome aberrations in metastatic ovarian cancers: relationship with abnormalities in primary tumors. Int J Cancer 1990; 45: 50–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
89Roberts, CG, Tattersall, MHN. Cytogenetic study of solid ovarian tumors. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 48: 243–53.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
90Knoerr-Gaertner, H, Schuhmann, R, Kraus, H, Uebele-Kallhardt, B. Comparative cytogenetic and histologie studies on early malignant transformation in mesothelial tumors of the ovary. Hum Genet 1977; 35: 281–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
91Crickard, K, Marinello, MJ, Crickard, U, Satchidanand, SK, Yoonessi, M, Caglar, H. Borderline malignant serous tumors of the ovary maintained on extracellular matrix: Evidence of clonal evolution and invasive potential. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1986; 23: 135–43.Google ScholarPubMed
92Atkin, NB, Baker, MC. Specific chromosome changes in ovarian cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1981; 3: 275–76.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
93Trent, JM, Salmon, SE. Karyotypic analysis of human ovarian carcinoma cells cloned in short term agar culture. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1981; 3: 279–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
94Whang-Peng, J, Knutsen, T, Douglass, EC et al. Cytogenetic studies in ovarian cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1984; 11: 91–106.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
95Panani, A, Ferti-Passantonopoulou, A. Common marker chromosomes in ovarian cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1985; 16: 65–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
96Pejovic, T, Heim, S, Mandahl, N et al. Consistent occurrence of a 19p + marker chromosome and loss of lip material in ovarian seropapillary cystadenocarcinomas. Genes Chrom Cancer 1989; 1: 167–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
97Tanaka, K, Boice, CR, Testa, JR. Chromosome aberrations in nine patients with ovarian cancer. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1989; 43: 1–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
98Pejovic, T, Heim, S, Mandahl, N et al. Chromosome aberrations in 35 primary ovarian carcinomas. Genes Chrom Cancer 1992; 4: 58–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
99Pejovic, T, Heim, S, Mandahl, N et al. Bilateral ovarian carcinoma: cytogenetic evidence of unicentric origin. Int J Cancer 1991; 47: 358–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
100Pejovic, T, Heim, S, Mandahl, N, Flodérus, U-M, Willén, H, Mitelman, F. Complex karyotypic anomalies, including an i(5p) marker chromosome, in malignant mixed mesodermal tumor of the ovary. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 46: 65–69.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
101Young, RH, Scully, RE. Sex-cord-stromal, steroid cell and other ovarian tumors with endocrine, paraendocrine, and paraneoplastic manifestations. In: Kurman, RJ ed. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1989: 607–58.Google Scholar
102Mrózek, K, Nedozytko, B, Babinska, M et al. Case Report. Trisomy of chromosome 12 in a case of the coma of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 1990; 36: 413–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
103Leung, WY, Schwartz, PE, Ng, H-t, Yang-Feng, TL. Trisomy 12 in benign fibroma and granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 1990; 38: 28–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
104Yang-Feng, TL, Li, S-b, Leung, W-Y, Carcangiu, ML, Schwartz, PE. Trisomy 12 and K-ras-2 amplification in human ovarian tumors. Int J Cancer 1991; 48: 678–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
105Fletcher, JA, Gibas, Z, Donovan, K et al. Ovarian granulosastromal cell tumors are characterized by trisomy 12. Am J Pathol 1991; 138: 515–20.Google ScholarPubMed
106Schofield, DE, Fletcher, JA. Short communication. Trisomy 12 in pediatrie granulosa-stromal cell tumors. Am J Pathol 1992; 141: 1265–69.Google Scholar
107Talerman, A. Germ cell tumors and mixed germ cell-sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary. In: Roth, LM, Czernobilsky, B eds. Tumors and tumorlike conditions of the ovary. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1985: 75–93.Google Scholar
108Jenkyn, DJ, McCartney, AJ. A chromosome study of three ovarian tumors. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1987; 26: 2327–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
109Speleman, F, De Potter, C, Dal Cin, P et al. i(12p) in a malignant ovarian tumor. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1990; 53: 49–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
110Hamers, A, de Jong, B, Suijkerbuijk, RF et al. A 46, XY female with mixed gonadal dysgenesis and a 48, XY, + 7, + i(12p) chromosome pattern in a primary gonadal tumor. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1991; 57: 219–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
111Speleman, F, Laureys, G, Benoit, Y, Cuvelier, C, Suijkerbuijk, R, De Jong, B. i(12p) in a nedardiploid mature ovarian teratoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1992; 60: 216–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
112Surti, U, Hoffner, L, Chakravarti, A, Ferrell, RE. Genetics and biology of human ovarian teratomas. I. Cytogenetic analysis and mechanism of origin. Am J Hum Genet 1990; 47: 635–43.Google ScholarPubMed