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2 NORTHERN IRELAND

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 September 2022

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Extract

Craig formally notifies Londonderry of his successful nomination to the Senate of Northern Ireland.

You are doubtless aware that the electorate for the Senate are the Members of the House of Commons.

Type
Primary source material
Information
Royal Historical Society Camden Fifth Series , Volume 63: ARISTOCRACY, DEMOCRACY, AND DICTATORSHIP , July 2022 , pp. 85 - 139
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Royal Historical Society

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References

1 James Craig (1871–1940), stockbroker, soldier, and politician; Unionist MP East Down 1906–1918, North Down 1918–1921; MP (NI) Co. Down 1921–1940; PM (NI) 1921–1940; cr. Bart. 1918, Viscount Craigavon 1927.

2 The Northern Ireland House of Commons.

3 Government of Ireland Act 1920.

4 Ulster Unionists.

5 Michael Logue (1840–1924), Irish Catholic theologian and prelate; Bishop of Raphoe 1879–1888; Archbishop of Armagh 1888–1924; Cardinal 1893.

6 John Beaumont Hotham (1874–1924), parliamentary clerk; clerk House of Lords 1896–1921; clerk NI Parl. 1921–1924.

7 Trengwainton, Cornwall.

8 House of Lords Debates, 15 December 1921, vol. 48, cols 58–72.

9 Irish Free State (Agreement) bill 1922.

10 Ulster Unionist peers and MPs voted against the 1922 bill.

11 Robert John McKeown (1869–1925), industrialist and politician; Ulster Unionist MP (NI) North Belfast 1921–1925; Parl. Sec. NI Ministry of Educ. 1921–1925.

12 Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill (1874–1965), MP Oldham 1900–1906 (Con. to 1904, then Lib.), Lib. MP Manchester North West 1906–1908, Dundee 1908–1922, Con. MP Epping (later Woodford) 1924–1964; Pres. Bd. of Trade 1908–1910; Home Sec. 1910–1911; 1st Lord of Admiralty 1911–1915, 1939–1940; Chanc. Duchy of Lancaster 1915; Min. of Munitions 1917–1919; Sec. for War and Air 1919–1921; Colonial Sec. 1921–1922; Chanc. of Exchequer 1924–1929; PM 1940–1945; 1951–1955; Con. leader 1940–1955; KG 1953.

13 Northern Whig.

14 Belfast News-Letter.

15 Robert John Lynn (1873–1945), journalist and politician; ed. Northern Whig 1913–1928; Ulster Unionist MP Woodvale 1918–1922, West Belfast 1922–1929; MP (NI) West Belfast 1921–1929, North Antrim 1929–1945; kt. 1924.

16 The Londonderry estate in Co. Durham.

17 See pp. 87–89.

18 Charles Hendriks (1883–1960), civil servant; kt. 1950.

19 Irish Convention 1917–1918.

20 The proposed site of the new Parliament Buildings, at Stormont, on the outskirts of Belfast, met with opposition for being inaccessible.

21 Edward Frederick Lindley Wood (1881–1959), Con. MP Ripon 1910–1925; Pres. Bd. of Educ. 1922–1924, 1932–1935; Min. of Agric. 1924–1925; Viceroy of India 1925–1931; Sec. for War 1935; Lord Privy Seal 1935–1937; Lord Pres. 1937–1938; For. Sec. 1938–1940; Amb. in Washington 1941–1946; KG 1931, cr. Baron Irwin 1925; suc. 3rd Viscount Halifax 1934; cr. Earl of Halifax 1944.

22 Lewis McQuibban (1866–1944), civil servant; Perm. Sec. NI Ministry of Educ. 1921–1927.

23 Hugh McDowell Pollock (1852–1937), businessman and politician; Ulster Unionist MP (NI) South Belfast 1921–1929, Windsor 1929–1937; Min. of Finance 1921–1937.

24 Written in the margin of this paragraph, and initialled H.M.P., is the observation that ‘I do not lay much stress at all on this point.’

25 Treasury, Whitehall.

26 Min. of Home Affairs.

27 (Lewis) Amherst Selby-Bigge (1860–1951), civil servant; Perm. Sec. Bd. of Educ. 1911–1925; kt. 1913, cr. Bart. 1919.

28 Thomas (Sean) Heuston (b.1900?), Irish tailor and republican; IFS army captain; captured by NI police, remained in custody until 1926.

29 Lady Craig.

30 Howell Arthur Gwynne (1865–1950), journalist; ed. Morning Post 1911–1937.

31 William Thomas Cosgrave (1880–1965), Irish republican; Pres. of IFS Executive Council 1922–1932; Min. for Finance 1922–1934; Min. for Defence 1924, Min. for External Affairs 1927.

32 Francis Crummey (b.1875?), Irish schoolteacher and republican; Intelligence Officer, 3rd Northern Division I.R.A.

33 A reference to their work on the Irish Convention 1917–1918.

34 Pseudonym used in letter published by unidentified newspaper.

35 Roman Catholic.

36 The Observer, 2 December 1923, p. 12.

37 Harold Sidney Harmsworth (1868–1940), prop. of Daily Mirror 1914–1931, of Daily Mail, Evening News & Associated Newspapers Ltd. 1922–1940; Sec. for Air 1917–1918; cr. Baron Rothermere 1914, Viscount 1919.

38 William Gordon Strahan (1863–1933), Irish Presbyterian cleric; Moderator, Gen. Assembly of Presbyterian Church in Ire. 1922–1923.

39 William Corkey (1877–1964), Irish presbyterian cleric and educationalist; member of UVF; Moderator, Gen. Assembly of Presbyterian Church in Ire. 1933–1934; leading opponent of Education Act 1923; older brother of Rev. Prof. Robert Corkey (1881–1966), Min. of Educ. and Leader of Senate (NI) 1943–1944.

40 (James) Ramsay MacDonald (1866–1937), MP Leicester 1906–1918, Aberavon 1922–1929, Seaham 1929–1935 (Lab. until 1931, then Nat. Lab), Scottish Universities 1936–1937; Lab. Party sec. 1900–1912, chair. 1912–1914, leader 1922–1931; PM 1924, 1929–1935; For. Sec. 1924; Lord Pres. 1935–1937.

41 Government of Ireland Act 1920.

42 Lynn writes from London.

43 Herbert Dixon (1880–1950), Ulster Unionist MP Pottinger 1918–1922, East Belfast 1922–1939; MP (NI) East Belfast 1921–1929, Bloomfield 1929–1950; Min. of Agric. (NI) 1941–1943; suc. Bart. 1950, cr. Baron Glentoran 1939.

44 Robert Soame Jocelyn (1883–1956), soldier and landowner; suc. 8th Earl of Roden 1915.

45 See copy of resolutions, D3099/5/9: ‘That we call upon the Government of Northern Ireland immediately to put upon the Statute Book such Amendments to the [1923 Education] Act as shall clearly and definitely remove these defects and secure “by law established”: (a) That the Bible, which is the text Book of our Christian faith and morals, shall be read and instruction given thereon to all Protestant Children in Public Elementary Schools. (b) That all Teachers appointed for or holding office in any Public Elementary School shall be Teachers whose professed religious beliefs are acceptable to the Parents or Guardians of the children in attendance at that school’.

46 Government of Ireland Act 1920.

47 A central board of commissioners had overseen Ireland's National School system.

48 Charles Thornton Primrose Grierson (1857–1935), Church of Ire. prelate; Bishop of Down, Connor, and Dromore 1919–1934.

49 Edward Mervyn Archdale (1853–1943), naval officer and politician; Unionist MP North Fermanagh 1898–1903, 1916–1922; MP (NI) Fermanagh and Tyrone 1921–1929, Enniskillen 1929–1938; Min. of Agric. and Commerce (NI) 1921–1925; Min. of Agric. (NI) 1925–1933; cr. Bart. 1928.

50 Unknown.

51 Unknown.

52 Charles Frederick D'Arcy (1859–1938), Church of Ire. prelate; Bishop of Clogher 1903–1907; Bishop of Ossory, Ferns, and Leighlin 1907–1911; Bishop of Down, Connor, and Dromore 1911–1919; Archbishop of Dublin 1919–1920; Archbishop of Armagh 1920–1938.

53 Joseph Davison (1868–1948), businessman and politician; Senator NI 1935–1948; kt. 1921.

54 Londonderry writes from London.

55 Signed by Lewis McQuibban and dated 24 February 1925.

56 D'Arcy, Charles F., Science and Creation: The Christian Interpretation (London, 1925)Google Scholar.

57 Arthur Keith (1866–1955), Scottish scientist; kt. 1921.

58 The press circulated unconfirmed reports of an imminent general election in Northern Ireland.

59 Enclosed copy of letter to Pollock, 16 July 1925 (D3099/2/10/13), claims that Churchill made no definite promise when Londonderry and he met on the unemployment fund.

60 Winston Churchill.

61 Washington DC.

62 Londonderry subsequently informed him that Castlereagh hoped to contest an English constituency: see Charles D'Arcy to Londonderry, 5 December 1925, D3099/2/7/109.

63 Edward Charles Stewart Robert (Robin) Vane-Tempest-Stewart (1902–1955), colliery manager and politician; Ulster Unionist MP Co. Down 1931–1945; styled Viscount Castlereagh 1915–1949, suc. 8th Marquess of Londonderry 1949.

64 Henry Bruce Armstrong (1844–1943), Ulster Unionist MP Mid-Armagh 1921–1922; Senator NI 1921–1937.

65 County Lord Lt.

66 James Rolston Lonsdale (1865–1921), Ulster Unionist MP Mid-Armagh 1918–1921.

67 James Henry Stronge (1849–1928), soldier, landowner, and politician; suc. 5th Bart 1899.

68 Robert James McMordie (1849–1914), Ulster Unionist MP East Belfast 1911–1914; Lord Mayor of Belfast 1910–1913.

69 Kevin Christopher O'Higgins (1892–1927), Irish republican; IFS Min. for Economic Affairs 1922, Min. for Home Affairs/Justice 1922–1927; Min. for External Affairs 1927; assassinated 1927.

70 Frederick Edwin Smith (1872–1930), Con. MP Liverpool Walton 1906–1918, Liverpool West Derby 1918–1919; Solicitor Gen. 1915; Attorney Gen. 1915–1919; Lord Chanc. 1919–1922; India Sec. 1924–1928; kt. 1915, cr. Bart 1918, Baron Birkenhead 1919, Viscount Birkenhead 1921, Earl of Birkenhead 1922.

71 Walter Grant Peterson Morden (1880–1932), Canadian soldier and politician; Con. MP Brentford and Chiswick 1918–1931.

72 Edward Albert Christian George Andrew Patrick David (1894–1972), King Edward VIII 1936; styled Prince of Wales 1910–1936, cr. Duke of Windsor 1936.

73 Herbert Hensley Henson (1863–1947), Canon of Westminster 1900–1912, 1940–1941; Dean of Durham 1912–1918; Bishop of Hereford 1918–1920; Bishop of Durham 1920–1939.

74 (William) Cosmo Gordon Lang (1864–1945), Scottish prelate of Church of England; Bishop of Stepney 1901–1909; Archbishop of York 1909–1928; Archbishop of Canterbury 1928–1942; cr. Baron Lang of Lambeth 1942.

75 House of Lords Debates, 12 December 1927, vol. 69, cols 771–826; 13 December 1927, vol. 69, cols 831–922.

76 Ernest Murray Pollock (1861–1936), lawyer, politician, and judge; Con. MP Warwick and Leamington 1910–1923; Master of the Rolls 1923–1935; kt. 1917, cr. Bart. 1922, Baron Hanworth 1926, Viscount Hanworth 1936.

77 Arthur Cayley Headlam (1862–1947), theologian and prelate; Prof. of Dogmatic Theology, King's College, London 1903–1916; Regius Prof. of Divinity, Oxford Univ. 1918–1923; Bishop of Gloucester 1923–1945.

78 William George Turner (1872–1937); Lord Mayor of Belfast 1923–1928; kt. 1924.

79 William Joynson-Hicks (1865–1932), Con. MP Manchester North West 1908–1910, Brentford 1911–1918, Twickenham 1918–1929; FST 1923; Min. of Health 1923–1924; Home Sec. 1924–1929; cr. Bart. 1919, Viscount Brentford 1929.

80 Stanley Baldwin (1867–1947), Con. MP Bewdley 1908–37; FST 1917–1921; Pres. Bd. of Trade 1921–1922; Chanc. of Exchequer 1922–1923; PM 1923, 1924–1929, 1935–1937; Lord Pres. 1931–1935; Con. leader 1923–1937; KG 1937, cr. Earl Baldwin of Bewdley 1937.

81 The Duke of Abercorn.

82 The foundation stone of Parliament Buildings, Stormont, was laid on 19 May 1928 by the Gov. of NI, the Duke of Abercorn.

83 Lord Lt of Co. Down.

84 Charles Curtis Craig (1869–1960), Ulster Unionist MP South Antrim 1903–1922, Co. Antrim 1922–1929.

85 Angus McDonnell (1881–1966), soldier, banker, and politician; Con. MP Dartford 1924–1929; son of 6th Earl of Antrim.

86 Castlereagh stood unsuccessfully for Darlington at the 1929 general election.

87 Frederick Temple-Blackwood (1875–1930), soldier and politician; Senator NI 1921–1930; Speaker of Senate (NI) 1921–1930; suc. 3rd Marquess of Dufferin and Ava 1918.

88 P. likely to refer to the Irish chivalric order of St Patrick.

89 Honorific crown appointment with origins in sixteenth century.

90 Naval training ship moored at Belfast.

91 James Edward Geale Caulfeild (1880–1949), architect and politician; Senator NI 1925–1937; Min. of Educ. and Leader of Senate (NI) 1926–1937; suc. 8th Viscount Charlemont 1913.

92 Education Act 1923.

93 John Lavery (1856–1941), Irish portrait painter; kt. 1918.

94 Éamon de Valera (1882–1975), Irish republican, revolutionary, and statesman; Pres. of Dáil Éireann 1919–1922; Pres. of IFS Executive Council 1932–1948 (from 1937 as Taoiseach), 1951–1954, 1957–1959; Pres. of Ire. 1959–1973.

95 (Arthur) Neville Chamberlain (1869–1940), Con. MP Birmingham Ladywood 1918–1929, Edgbaston 1929–1940; Postmaster Gen. 1922–1923; Min. of Health 1923, 1924–1929, 1931; Chanc. of Exchequer 1923, 1931–1937; PM 1937–1940; Lord Pres. 1940; Con. leader 1937–1940.

96 John Andrews.

97 Mount Stewart.

98 (Robert) Anthony Eden (1897–1977), Con. MP Warwick and Leamington 1923–1957; Under-Sec. FO 1931–1934; Lord Privy Seal 1934–1935; Min. for League of Nations 1935; For. Sec. 1935–1938, 1940–1945, 1951–1955; Dominions Sec. 1939–1940; Sec. for War 1940; PM 1955–1957; KG 1954, cr. Earl of Avon 1961.

99 Londonderry was Lord Lt of Co. Down and of Co. Durham.

100 The part-time Ulster Special Constabulary.

101 Shipbuilders.

102 William James Norman Cooke-Collis (1876–1941), army officer; GOC NI 1935–1938; Chief Organizer of Civil Defence NI 1940–1941; kt. 1937.

103 Thomas Walker Hobart Inskip (1876–1947), Con. MP Bristol Central 1918–1929, Fareham 1931–1939; Solicitor Gen. 1922–1924, 1924–1928, 1931–1932; Attorney Gen. 1928–1929, 1932–1936; Min. for the Co-ordination of Defence 1936–1939; Dominions Sec. 1939, 1940; Lord Chanc. 1939–1940; kt. 1922, cr. Viscount Caldecote 1939.

104 Basil Stanlake Brooke (1888–1973), soldier, landowner, and politician; Ulster Unionist MP (NI) Lisnaskea 1929–1968; Min. of Agric. (NI) 1933–1940; Min. of Commerce (NI) 1940–1943; PM (NI) 1943–1963; KG 1965, suc. Bart. 1907, cr. Viscount Brookeborough 1952.

105 Churchill replies with a short rebuke that they are not drifting and that the situation is being watched, Winston Churchill to Londonderry, 22 June 1940, D3099/4/57.

106 John Loader Maffey (1877–1969), civil servant, colonial governor, and diplomat; Gov. Gen. of Sudan 1926–1933; Perm. Sec. Colonial Office 1933–1937; United Kingdom rep. to Éire 1939–1949; kt. 1921, cr. Baron Rugby 1947.

107 Joachim von Ribbentrop (1893–1946), German diplomat and Nazi; Amb. in London 1936–1938; For. Min. 1938–1945; executed 1946.

108 James Little (1868–1946), Irish Presbyterian cleric and politician; MP Co. Down 1939–1946 (Ulster Unionist to 1945, then Ind.).