²¹⁵ Thomas More.

²¹⁶ 20 March.

²¹⁷ Cardinal Lawrence Bianchetti. See AAW A IX, no. 22; Letter 8.

²¹⁸ Thomas Fitzherbert.

²¹⁹ Cardinal Edward Farnese.

²²⁰ On 9 June 1610 Birkhead's assistants William Bishop, John Colleton, John Mush, John Michell, Morgan Clennock and Edward Bennett wrote back to Farnese, assuring him that they had not caused division among the English clergy and attacking Bianchetti for inclining too much to SJ, AAW A IX, no. 41.

²²¹ Robert Persons SJ.

²²² AAW A IX, no. 32.

²²³ See Letter 8.

²²⁴ i.e. the breve of Clement VIII concerning the regulation of the English mission and Paul V's two breves denouncing the oath of allegiance of 1606.

²²⁵ In 1611 Thomas Heath was posted to London (under the alias of Broome) to work as a conveyer of the secular clergy's letters. He also used the alias of John Baptist Fabian, AAW A X, no. 150.

²²⁶ Edward Bennett.

²²⁷ Samuel (Bartholomew) Kennett OSB.

²²⁸ i.e. against Cuthbert Trollop and William Ogle, two leading northern secular priests. See Letter 15.

²²⁹ Roland (Thomas) Preston OSB, superior of the Cassinese Benedictines in England.

²³⁰ Probably Richard Brenning of Denmead, Hampshire who married Eleanor, daughter of Anthony Uvedale of Hambledon, Hampshire, by Ursula daughter of John Norton. Richard Brenning appears in the first recusancy roll, CRS 18, 283, 291. He had, with the Uvedales, assisted the escape from Winchester gaol in late 1599 of the secular priest Edward Kenion, an intimate of the group around Viscount Montague. Kenion had shared a chamber in Winchester gaol with the imprisoned recusant Anthony Norton, brother of the priest Benjamin Norton, CSPD 1598–1601, 336–40Google Scholar; Anstr. I, 196–7.

²³¹ The secular priest Richard White, ordained in September 1587, Anstr. I, 378.

²³² Anthony Champney wrote to Smith on 6 July 1610 (NS) that Colleton ‘may goe whither he will and abyd where he will the mayster of the howse where he lyethe goinge to churche’, AAW A IX, no. 51 (p. 141).

²³³ Cuthbert Johnson was regarded by the southern secular priests as one of their party. In 1624, however, he was nominated by SJ when Rome set about appointing a successor to the deceased bishop of Chalcedon, William Bishop, Allison, ‘Richard Smith’, 158.

²³⁴ Probably Michael Walpole SJ (though Edward Walpole SJ also used this alias). In January 1610 Birkhead reported to Smith in Rome that Michael Walpole held an arguably lax opinion about the papal deposing power. Archbishop Bancroft had examined Walpole ‘verie civilly’, and ‘asked him yf he wold take the oath [of allegiance], and he denyed yt. he questioned with him of everie branch of it, to which he replied in some, that not speaking particularly of our kinge, towardes whome, in respect he was his subiect he owed all reverence, and deutie: but makinge the question generally of kinges, he saied, the best divins held opinion that for hist causes the pope might excommaracate, depose, and absolve subiectes from ther allegiance, that in some cases, [word deleted] subiectes might take armes against ther prince, in ther defence’. But ‘the matter’ was not ‘defined to be of faith’. Walpole refused to identify himself as a Catholic cleric. Bancroft asked him again ‘why he should refuse the oth, consideringe mr Blackwell and mr warmington had taken yt, and what he held of them, to which he answered that he held mr Blackwell to be lerned, and that he once was earnest in the contrarie opinion, in regard of which, his act could not move others, then the b told him how well he had used mr Blackwell in all frendly manner, to which mr Rich answered, I dowbt not but your lordship hath plaied your part well with him, I wish he had discharged his part as well, at the which the b laughed and dismissed him’, AAW A IX, no. 2 (pp. 4–5). The Jesuits claimed that Walpole had replied to Bancroft's questions about the papal deposing power with ‘firmness and prudence’ whereas John Colleton had not, Foley VII, 1005. Smith wrote to More in September 1611 that one of his (Smith's) recent letters to More had evidently miscarried, in which ‘I sent you a leefe or twoe of a booke set out by m walp wherin mariana [Juan de Mariana SJ] his opinion is defended flatly and they said to be enemies to Iesus who condemned his booke which the K. tooke very ill’, AAW A X, no. 126 (p. 364). This is a reference to Walpole's A Briefe Admonition to all English Catholikes, concerning a late Proclamation set forth against them (St Omer, 1610)Google Scholar, ch. 5. He had also written A Treatise of the Subjection of Princes to God and the Church (St Omer, 1608)Google Scholar which was probably never issued, ARCR II, no. 780. In June 1610 Birkhead reported diat Walpole had been banished, AAW A IX, no. 43. By 1612 he had been appointed confessor at Douai and was the source of much conflict within the college.

²³⁵ i.e. the Jesuits.

²³⁶ James Montagu.

²³⁷ Field, Richard, Of the Church. Five Bookes (1606–1610).Google Scholar

²³⁸ Dr Richard Butler. For his last will and testament, see PRO, SP 14/70/66.

²³⁹ Richard Bancroft.

²⁴⁰ Edward Zouch, eleventh Baron Zouch.

²⁴¹ Peter Lombard, Archbishop of Armagh, who resided in Rome. See also Conway, AH 23, 18–19.Google Scholar

²⁴² i.e. via Anthony Champney.

²⁴³ AAW A IX, no. 21 (23 February 1610).

²⁴⁴ Geoffrey Pole.