¹ Emma, Lady Derby (d. 26 Apr. 1876), d. of 1st Lord Skelmersdale; m. diarist's father, 1825.

² St James's Square.

³ Opened 16 Nov. 1869.

⁴ King's Lynn, the diarist's constituency 1848–69.

⁵ Elizabeth Sackville, d. of 3rd D. of Dorset; m. 5th E. De La Warr, 1813; cr. Baroness Buckhurst, 1864; m. of diarist's future wife.

⁶ Mary Catherine née West (1824–1900), 2nd d. of 5th E. De La Warr; 2nd wife (1847) of James Gascoyne-Cecil, 2nd M. of Salisbury; widowed 12 Apr. 1868; m. diarist 5 July 1870; confidante of Wellington.

⁷ George John West (from 1843 Sackville-West), 5th E. De La Warr (1791–23 Feb. 1869); father of diarist's future wife.

⁸ James Cecil (from 1821 Gascoyne-Cecil), 2nd M. of Salisbury (1791–12 April 1868); succ. 1823, lord privy seal 1852, lord president of the council 1858–9; father of premier, and father-in-law of diarist's future wife; leading freemason.

⁹ Arabella Diana (m. Sir A. Bannermann Bt) d. 10 Feb. 1869.

¹⁰ Soon followed by the suicide of her bro., the 6th E. De La Warr, who d. unm. 23 Apr. 1873.

¹¹ Reginald Sackville-West (Sackville from 1871), 7th E. De La Warr (1817–96), briefly Baron Buckhurst (1870–3) between his mother's and his bro.'s death, the titles thereafter being united.

¹² Napoleon III.

¹³ Baron Lionel Nathan de Rothschild (1808–79), M.P. City of London (Lib.) 1847–68, 1869–74.

¹⁴ N. German ambassador.

¹⁵ Dr C.J. Ellicott (1819–1905), bishop of Gloucester 1863–1905.

¹⁶ Near Bromley, Kent.

¹⁷ Lady Salisbury, diarist's future wife.

¹⁸ Of the offspring of the 5th E. De La Warr, the eldest, Lord Cantelupe (1814–50) d. unm. His brother, the 6th E., committed suicide, 1873. The next brother, the 7th E., produced an heir (who twice divorced), the 4th bro., Mortimer, 1st Lord Sackville, broke off all relations with his family, and sacked all his servants for, as he thought, trying to poison him. The 5th bro., Lionel 2nd Lord Sackville, sometime minister to Washington, never m., but kept a mistress, Pepita, d. of a Malaga barber, and their children, in a villa near Biarritz (see Sackville-West, V., PepitaGoogle Scholar); their dau. m. his nephew, 3rd Lord Sackville. Lady Derby suffered, by the 1870s, from chronic depression. Her sister, Elizabeth, m. 9th D. of Bedford, who shot himself (1891).

¹⁹ Robert Cecil, 3rd M. of Salisbury (1830–1903); succ. 1868; p.m. 1885–6, 1886–92, 1895–1902.

²⁰ Henry Herbert, 4th E. of Carnarvon (1831–90); succ. 1849; col. sec. 1866–7, 1874–8, lord-lt of Ireland 1885–6, resigning in each case.

²¹ See Robbins, K., John Bright (1979), 208–10Google Scholar. Cf. T, 9 Feb. 1870, 9e, for the first news of Bright's indisposition.

²² Vice Cairns.

²³ W.E. Williams of Twyllypant House, Caerphilly, bachelor, had often expressed admiration for the benefits conferred on Cardiff by the Butes, whom he scarcely knew: T, 15 Feb. 1870, 8e.

²⁴ John Patrick Crichton-Stuart, 3rd M. of Bute (1847–1900), succ. 1848; Disraeli's Lothair.

²⁵ Given in Bateman as £151,305 p.a.

²⁶ Henrietta Blanche (b. 1830), d. of and Lord Stanley of Alderley; m. 1851 5th E. of Airlie (1826–81).

²⁷ George Howard, 6th E. of Carlisle (1773–1848). The 7th E. (1802–64), the whig politician, died unm. and was succ. by his unm. bro., the 8th E. (1808–89), a Yorkshire rector.

²⁸ George James Howard, 9th E., b. 1843, succ. 1889; nephew of 8th E.

²⁹ Given in Bateman as £49,601.

³⁰ H, vol. 199 (1870), cols 193–233. Parliament reassembled, 8 Feb. 1870.

³¹ Granville George Leveson-Gower, 2nd E. Granville (1815–91); succ. 1846; col. sec. 1868–70, for. sec. 1870–74, 1880–85, col. sec. 1886; Lib. leader in Lords.

³² Derby, in his first Lords speech, stressed that recent defence cuts did not diminish Britain's responsibilities for imperial defence; and warned that U.K. involvement in European conflict could lead the colonies to seek independence and neutrality (H, vol. 199, cols 228–30).

³³ William George Clark (1821–78), Shakespeare scholar.

³⁴ The Present Dangers of the Church of England (1870).Google Scholar

³⁵ Cf. Later Diaries, 28, 84Google Scholar, for his willingness to grant Scottish and Irish disestablishment in the 1880s. For his hostility to the Irish Church before disestablishment, see especially Stanley Diaries, 372 n. 28.Google Scholar

³⁶ Irish Land Act, 1870.

³⁷ Charles Colville, 1st Vt Colville of Culross (1818–1903); Scottish rep. peer 1852–85; mainly court career; cr. U.K. baron 1885, vt 1902.

³⁸ W.E. Forster (1818–86), M.P. (Lib.) 1861–86; junior office 1865–6; as vice-pres. of council, carried 1870 Education Act; conceded H. of C. leadership to Hartington, 1875; chief sec. for Ireland. 1880–2.

³⁹ Gathorne Gathorne-Hardy, 1st E. of Cranbrook (1814–1906), Cons, minister; M.P. 1856–78, when cr. peer; junior office 1858–9, pres, of poor law board 1866–7, home sec. 1867–8; war minister 1874–8, India Office 1878–80; lord pres, of council 1885–6, 1886–92; raised to earl, 1892; strong churchman, strong debater, and strong candidate to succeed Disraeli.

⁴⁰ (Sir) Frederick Thesiger, 1st Baron Chelmsford (1794–1878), Cons. M.P. 1840–58; sol.-gen. and kt 1844; att.-gen. 1845–6, 1852; lord chanc. 1858–9, 1866–Feb. 1868; replaced by Cairns on Disraeli taking office, Feb. 1868, much to his chagrin.

⁴¹ Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox, 6th D. of Richmond (1818–1903); Cons. M.P. 1841–60; succ. 1860; pres, of poor law board 1859; pres, of board of trade 1867–8; lord pres. 1874–80; 1st sec. of state for Scotland 1885–6.

⁴² T, 21 Feb. 1870, 9d, for the meeting of Tory peers in the Carlton Club library, Sat. 19 Feb., with Cairns, who had resigned the post, in the chair. The resolution, moved by Richmond and seconded by Salisbury, was carried unanimously. Cairns, who had come over from the South of France for the meeting of parliament, then returned to Mentane, ‘where he remains till Easter’, despite having led the House in the 1869 session.

⁴³ Algernon George Percy, 8th D. of Northumberland (1810–99); succ. father Aug. 1867; junior office 1858–9, lord privy seal (in cabinet) 1878–80; freemason, antiquary, scientist, Irvingite (m. dau. of Henry Drummond, Irvingite leader).

⁴⁴ Edward Law, 1st E. of Ellenborough (1790–1871); succ. as 2nd baron 1818 and cr. earl 1844; pres, of board of control 1828–30, 1834–5, 1841, and Mar.–June 1858 (resigned); Peel's 1st lord of the admiralty, 1846; gov.-gen. of India, 1841–6.

⁴⁵ For similar introspection, see Stanley Diaries, 140, 156–8.

⁴⁶ George, 4th E. of Aberdeen (1784–1860), premier 1852–5.

⁴⁷ T, 22 Feb. 1870, 7f, for Derby's letter to Colville, declining leadership as not something for ‘which I am by habit or temperament well qualified’ but hoping to take ‘my full share’ in debates.

⁴⁸ Not mentioned in Hardinge, Carnarvon (1925).Google Scholar

⁴⁹ Lord John Manners, 7th D. of Rutland (1818–1906), member of all Cons, cabinets 1852–92; declined both the chief secretaryship for Ireland, and the lord-lieutenancy (with a peerage), June–July 1866; declined chief secretaryship again, July 1868; declined Canada, Apr. 1868; declined viceroyalty of India, 1875.

⁵⁰ John Wilson Patten, 1st Baron Winmarleigh (1802–92); Lancs. M.P. 1830–74 and family friend; chanc. of duchy 1867–8; chief sec. for Ireland, Sept.–Dec. 1868, vice Naas; cr. peer, 1874.

⁵¹ Dr John Thomas Ball (1815–98), Irish lawyer; sol.-gen. for Ireland, 1868; att.-gen. for Ireland, 1868, 1874; lord chanc. of Ireland 1875–80; M.P. Dublin University 1868–74.

⁵² Sir Joseph Napier (1804–82), lord chanc. of Ireland 1858–9; vice-chanc. of Dublin University 1867–82; active in Irish church matters.

⁵³ George Ward Hunt (1825–77); M.P. Northants. N. 1857–77; fin. sec. to treasury 1866–8; chanc. of exchequer, vice Disraeli, Feb.–Dec. 1868; 1st lord of admiralty 1874–7; d. in office.

⁵⁴ H.R.H. George, 2nd D. of Cambridge (1819–1904); succ. father 1850; grandson of George III; c.-in-c. 1856–95.

⁵⁵ Part of Derby's retrenchments at Knowsley, begun as soon as his father died.

⁵⁶ H, vol, cxcix, col. 1853 (11 Mar. 1870).

⁵⁷ James Anthony Froude (1818–94), historian; pub. The English in Ireland in the Eighteenth Century (3 vols., 1872–1874)Google Scholar; regius prof, of history at Oxford, 1892–4.

⁵⁸ Probably Herman Merivale (1806–74), civil servant and historian; perm, under-sec. for colonies 1848–59, for India 1859-; or his bro. Charles, cleric and author.

⁵⁹ Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (1815–81), dean of Westminster and biographer of Dr Arnold; broad churchman.

⁶⁰ Probably Philip Henry, 5th E. Stanhope (1805–75), historian, Peel's literary executor, and a main influence on the founding of the National Portrait Gallery and the Historical Manuscripts Commission; see below, 29 Dec. 1875.

⁶¹ Possibly George Smith (1824–1901), publisher of the Cornhill, the Pall Mall Gazette, and the D.N.B.; introduced Trollope to Thackeray, 1860. If not, perhaps (Sir) William Smith (1813–93), classicist, and registrar of the Royal Literary Fund (1869), of which Derby later became president (1875).

⁶² (Sir) Roderick Murchison (1792–1871), geologist; kt 1846, bt 1866.

⁶³ Dunn, W.H., Froude, ii (1963)Google Scholar gives no date for the commencement of Froude's Irish history.

⁶⁴ Sir William George Vernon Venables Harcourt (1827–1904); M.P. 1868–1904; sol.-gen. 1873–4, home sec. 1880–5, chanc. of exchequer 1886, 1892–5; led Lib. party 1896–8.

⁶⁵ Henry Fawcett (1833–84), economist and radical politician; postmaster-gen. 1880–4; M.P. 1865–84; blind.

⁶⁶ Salisbury had refused office from Disraeli in Feb. 1868 (Stanley Diaries, 379).Google Scholar

⁶⁷ Charles Abbott, 3rd Baron Tenterden (1834–82); succ. uncle in title, 1870; entered F.O. 1854; asst. under-sec. 1871–3; perm, under-sec. 1873–82; freemason.

⁶⁸ Thomas Henry Sanderson, Baron Sanderson (1841–1923); F.O. career 1859–1906; priv. sec. to diarist 1866–8, 1874–8, to Granville 1880–5; perm. under-sec. 1894–1906; cr. peer 1905; rejected by Derby's dau. Margaret, he never m.; Derby's Monty Corry and executor; flautist.

⁶⁹ Richard Congreve (1818–99), positivist.

⁷⁰ Julian Henry Charles Fane (1827–70); s. of 11th E. of Westmorland; like diarist, educ. Trinity Coll., Cambridge; diplomatist, 1856–68; acting chargé d'affaires at Paris, 1865–7 and 1868; wrote Poems (1852)Google Scholar and translated Heine (1854).

⁷¹ Where, like Derby and like Fane's close friend Harcourt, he was an Apostle.

⁷² Cf. Eldridge, C.C., England's Mission (1973), 172–80Google Scholar. In his 1872 Crystal Palace speech Disraeli lamented the absence of ‘some representative council in the metropolis’.

⁷³ George Grote (1794–1871), historian.

⁷⁴ Holland, (Sir) Henry (1788–1873), physician to the Queen and Prince Consort; bt 1853.

⁷⁵ Samuel Wilberforce (1805–73), s. of William; bishop of Oxford, then (1869) Winchester; ‘Soapy Sam’, noted anti-Darwinian.

⁷⁶ Henry Reeve (1813–95), Whig publicist; ed. Edinburgh Raview, 1855–1895.Google Scholar

⁷⁷ Following the kidnapping and eventual murder of British subjects by Greek bandits.

⁷⁸ (Sir) John Pender (1816–96), submarine telegraph magnate; Derby's chief friend in the business world; diarist presided over banquet in his honour, 23 Apr. 1888.

⁷⁹ Frederick and Constance Stanley.

⁸⁰ Derby's sister Emma Charlotte (d. 1928) m. in 1860 Derby's former priv. sec. Col. the Hon. Sir W.P.M. [Chetwynd-] Talbot (1817–98), serjeant-at-arms in the House of Lords 1858–98.

⁸¹ Lord Arthur Cecil (1851–1913), s. of Mary, Lady Salisbury.

⁸² Sir Robert Peel (1822–95), eldest s. of premier; Irish sec. 1861–5.

⁸³ Richard Bethell, 1st Baron Westbury (1800–73), lord chanc. 1861–5.

⁸⁴ Ralph Bernal Osborne (1808–82), wit and Lib. M.P.

⁸⁵ Society doctor; probably Dr Frederick Quin (1799–1878), the first English homoeo-pathist; used by Disraeli to ask Granville to lead Tories in Lords, Feb. 1868.

⁸⁶ T, 9 May 1870, 11d.

⁸⁷ Mary, Lady Galloway, née Gascoyne-Cecil (1850–1903), wife of Alan, 10th E. of Galloway (1835–1901); see Later Diaries, 19–20.Google Scholar

⁸⁸ Col. T.E. Taylor (1811–83), M.P. (Cons.) co. Dublin 1841–83; chief whip c. 1860–68; chanc. of duchy of Lancaster, Nov.–Dec. 1868, 1874–6; chief commr. of works, 1876–80.

⁸⁹ Hon. Gerard Noel (1823–1911), jun. whip 1866–8, chief whip 1868–73; 2nd s. of 1st E. of Gainsborough; M.P. (Cons.) Rutland 1847–83.

⁹⁰ Markham Spofforth, Cons, agent 1859–70.

⁹¹ (Sir) John Eldon Gorst, (1835–1916); after N.Z. career, Tory M.P. 1866–8, when antireform; party agent, 1870–77; M.P., 1875; refused junior post at board of trade 1875 (Hanham, , Elections and Party Management, 361).Google Scholar

⁹² Sir Stafford Henry Northcote, 1st E. of Iddesleigh (1818–87); M.P. 1855–85; pres, of board of trade, 1866, and sec. for India, 1867–8; gov. of Hudson's Bay Co., 1869–74; commr for Alabama claims, 1871; chanc. of exchequer 1874–80; cr. earl 1885.

⁹³ Sir John Alexander Macdonald (1815–91), 1st premier of Canada.

⁹⁴ Alfred, D. of Edinburgh (1844–1900), and s. of Q. Victoria; naval career to 1893, when inherited German duchy.

⁹⁵ Albert Edward, Prince of Wales (1841–1910), later Edward VII.

⁹⁶ Not passed until 1872.

⁹⁷ Attempts to stop the Ballot Bill reaching its 2R failed 220–110 (16 Mar. 1870), but it made no further progress.

⁹⁸ Then aged 68.

⁹⁹ Mary, Lady Salisbury.

¹⁰⁰ Leopold II (1835–1909), King of the Belgians (1865–1909).

¹⁰¹ U.K. minister to Brussels.

¹⁰² Sylvain Van De Weyer (1802–74), Belgian min. in London 1831–67.

¹⁰³ Walter Francis Montagu-Douglas-Scott, 5th D. of Buccleuch and 7th D. of Queensberry (1806–84); succ. father, 1819; in cabinet 1842–6; the leading Scottish Tory.

¹⁰⁴ John Winston Spencer-Churchill, 7th D. of Marlborough (1822–83); M.P. 1840–5, 1847–57; succ. 1857; lord steward 1866–7, lord pres, of council 1867–8, lord-lieut. of Ireland, 1876–80; father of Lord Randolph Churchill.

¹⁰⁵ Richard Meade, 1st Lord Clanwilliam (1795–1879), diplomatist 1814–27; cr. U.K. baron, 1828.

¹⁰⁶ Premier.

¹⁰⁷ Sir Edmund Henderson (1821–96), chief commr of metropolitan police 1869–86; founded C.I.D.

¹⁰⁸ Disraeli, B., Lathair (3 vols.) published 2 05 1870.Google Scholar

¹⁰⁹ Cf. Trollope, A., An Autobiography (1883)Google Scholar, ch. xiii, arguing that of Disraeli's novels Lothair was ‘undoubtedly his worst’.

¹¹⁰ Actually by Sir E.B. Hamley (1824–93), commandant of staff college, Sandhurst, 1870–77; delimited Bulgarian frontier, 1879; see Blackwood's, 107 (06 1870), 773–93.Google Scholar

¹¹¹ Georgina, née Alderson, Marchioness of Salisbury (1827–99), wife of future premier.

¹¹² Lord John Russell, 1st E. Russell (1792–1878), premier.

¹¹³ T, 7 June 1870, 12d.

¹¹⁴ See above, 16, 19 Feb., 5, 12 Mar. 1870.

¹¹⁵ H, 202, cols. 233–43 (16 June 1870).

¹¹⁶ Hugh Childers (1827–96), Lib. minister; 1st lord of admiralty, 1868–71, resigning 1871.

¹¹⁷ H, 202, col. 952, saying that ‘to all the upper class of this country – Lord Clarendon set the example of a life of indefatigable industry passed in the service of the state’.

¹¹⁸ A reference to Clarendon's amitié with the Queen of Holland, a friend of Lady Salisbury.

¹¹⁹ John Brown, royal servant (d. 1883).

¹²⁰ Rudolph, Count Apponyi (1812–76), Austrian amb. to U.K., 1856–1871; amb. in Paris, 1871–6.

¹²¹ Only £3741 p.a. in Bateman.

¹²² Edward Hyde, 5th Lord Clarendon (1846–1914); held court office 1895–1905. See below, 18 Sept. 1871.

¹²³ Edward Cardwell (1813–86), sec. for war 1868–74; cr. vt, 1874.

¹²⁴ A.J. Beresford Hope (1820–87), Cons. M.P. and f. of Saturday Review, m. Mildred, d. of James, 2nd M. of Salisbury; thus bro.-in-law of Salisbury (the p.m.) and uncle of A.J. Balfour, premier.

¹²⁵ Lord Eustace Cecil (1834–1921), M.P. (Cons.) 1865–85; surveyor-gen, of ordnance 1874–80; 3rd s. of James, 2nd M. of Salisbury, by his ist wife, and thus bride's half-brother-in-law (and bro. of future p.m.).

¹²⁶ For Lady Derby's welcome, see T, 21 July 1870, 5f, and also a folio in the Knowsley Library, Extracts from the Press on the marriage of Edward Henry, Earl of Derby (1870).Google Scholar

¹²⁷ J.T. Delane (1817–79), ed. Times 1841–1877.Google Scholar

¹²⁸ T, 24 Aug. 1870, 8b.

¹²⁹ Speech of 16 June 1870 (see above); not confused as printed.

¹³⁰ Those staying at Knowsley (12 Sept.-) were the Northcotes, Crosses, Stanhopes, Wilson Patten, Sir R. Murchison, A.J. Balfour, Sanderson, and Sackville Cecil.

¹³¹ T.H. Huxley (1825–95), scientist and controversialist; ‘Darwin's bulldog’.

¹³² Harry George Powlett (formerly Vane), 4th D. of Cleveland (1803–91).

¹³³ Robert Haldane-Duncan, 3rd E. of Camperdown (1841–1918); succ. father 1867; educ. Eton and Balliol; 1sts in Mods and Greats; junior office 1868–74; Liberal Unionist activist, 1886.

¹³⁴ Either Dr Joshua Hughes (1807–89), first Welsh-speaking holder of the see in modern times; or his predecessor Dr T.V. Short (1790–1872), bishop of Sodor and Man 1841–6, and thus connected with the Stanley family. Hughes succ. Short, Jan. 1870.

¹³⁵ Lord George Francis Hamilton (1845–1927), 3rd s. of 1st D. of Abercorn; M.P. (Cons.) 1868–1906; under-sec, for India 1874–8; vice-pres. of council 1878–80; 1st lord of the admiralty 1885–6, 1886–92; sec. for India 1895–1903 (resigned); left £53,000.

¹³⁶ Lady Constance Villiers (1840–1922), Clarendon's eldest dau., m. diarist's bro., 1865.

¹³⁷ Odo Russell, 1st Lord Ampthill (1829–84), diplomatist; bro. of 9th D. of Bedford; U.K. rep. at Rome, 1858–70; asst. under-sec, at F.O., 1870–71. In 1884 Derby wrote, ‘Except Lyons, we have no better diplomatist …’. (Later Diaries, 101.)Google Scholar

¹³⁸ John Stuart Mill (1806–73), philosopher.

¹³⁹ Prince A.M. Gorchakov (1798–1883), Russian foreign minister 1856–82, chancellor 1866–82.

¹⁴⁰ William Molyneux, 4th E. of Sefton (1835–97); succ. 1855; lord-lieut. Lanes, and leading Liverpool Liberal.

¹⁴¹ The Stanley estates in Tipperary. See above, 25 Oct. 1869, for diarist's bro. electing to take cash rather than Irish land.

¹⁴² Sir Charles Wood, 1st Vt Halifax (1800–85), lord privy seal 1870–4; cr. peer 1866.

¹⁴³ A.J. Balfour (1848–1930), premier 1902–5; grandson of Lady Derby's first husband.

¹⁴⁴ Arthur John Otway (1820-), under-sec, for foreign affairs, 1868–70, after army career and Sandhurst education.

¹⁴⁵ George Byng, Lord Enfield (1830–98); styled Vt Enfield 1860–86, when succ. his father as 8th E. of Strafford; sec. to poor law board 1865–6, under-sec for foreign affairs 1871–4, under-sec, for India 1880–3.

¹⁴⁶ Derby spoke 11 times in the House of Lords in 1870, of which six were brief interventions in committee. He did not speak on foreign affairs, on India, or on the Education Act. Two speeches, on Clarendon's death and on colonies, were brief and unimportant. His speech on naturalization was in support of a technical measure based on an Anglo-U.S. protocol he had signed in 1868. His only truly political speeches were on the Irish Land Bill, and on the Peace Preservation (Ireland) Act, in both cases resolutely opposing Liberal illusions.