No CrossRef data available.
Article contents
Casinos, Prisons, Incinerators, and Other Fragments of Neoliberal Urban Development
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 January 2016
Abstract
Neoliberal urban development, as a set of governance practices and regulations intended to valorize cities as sites for capital accumulation, has increased social polarization and produced enclaves or “cities within cities.” Local governments have relinquished administrative and legal control to private corporations over how certain areas in the city are developed and used (or “consumed”) and by whom. In this article I examine the emergence of governance strategies around urban fragmentation in Chester, an older, former industrial city in southeastern Pennsylvania. My analysis focuses primarily on modes of state (de)regulation and intervention in privatized urban redevelopment, emphasizing how common patterns in governance have surfaced despite changing definitions of “urban redevelopment” over different time periods. In doing so, this analysis fits within critical studies of actually existing neoliberalism, in which the forms and practices of neoliberalism are examined as historically contingent and geographically specific.
- Type
- Special Section: Chronologies and Complexities of Western Neoliberalism
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Social Science History Association 2011
References
Argall, D. G. (2006) “A policy analysis of the
first six years of Pennsylvania’s Keystone Opportunity Zone program,
1998 to 2004: Enlightened economic development or corporate
welfare?” PhD diss.,
Pennsylvania State
University.Google Scholar
Balter, J. (1999) “The EPA needs a workable
environmental justice protocol.” Tulane
Environmental Law Journal
12: 357–71.Google Scholar
Braunlich, C. R. (1996) “Lessons from the Atlantic
City casino experience.” Journal of Travel
Research
34 (3):
46–56.Google Scholar
Brenner, N.Theodore, N. (2002) “Cities and the geographies of
‘actually existing neoliberalism.’”
Antipode
34 (3):
347–79.Google Scholar
Briffault, R. (1997) “The rise of sublocal
structures in urban governance.” Minnesota
Law Review
82: 509–17.Google Scholar
Business Wire
(2001) “High-growth Synergy selects the Wharf at
Rivertown for its future world headquarters.” May
18.Google Scholar
BYM Property
News (2008) “USA Major League Soccer
stadium complex part of revitalization project for Chester’s
waterfront.” March 26.Google Scholar
Chester City Planning
Commission (1965) The Comprehensive Plan.
Chester City Planning Commission, Chester,
PA.
Mimeograph.Google Scholar
Chester City Planning
Commission (1994) Chester City Vision 2000.
Chester City Planning Commission, Chester,
PA.
Mimeograph.Google Scholar
Chester Environmental
Justice Factsheet (1996) http://www.ejnet.org/chester/factsheet.html (accessed March 2,
2011).Google Scholar
Clarke, J.Gerwitz, S.McLaughlin, E. (2000) New Managerialism, New Welfare?
London:
Sage.Google Scholar
Cole, L. W.Foster, S. R. (2001) Environmental Racism and the Rise of the
Environmental Justice Movement. New
York: New York University
Press.Google Scholar
Curran, D.Scarpitti, F. (1991) “Crime in Atlantic City: Do
casinos make a difference?” Deviant
Behavior
12 (4):
431–49.Google Scholar
Dear, M.Dahmann, N. (2008) “Urban politics and the Los
Angeles school of urbanism.” Urban Affairs
Review, June 16, http://uar.sagepub.com/cgi/rapidpdf/1078087408320240v1.Google Scholar
Dear, M.Flusty, S. (1998) “Postmodern
urbanism.” Annals of the Association of
American Geographers
88 (1):
50–72.Google Scholar
Delaware County Daily
Times (2007) “Gambling on Chester: City
on the move?” December 22.Google Scholar
Delaware County Daily
Times (2009) “Editorial: Storm clouds
loom on the waterfront.” January 2.Google Scholar
Delaware County
Planning Department (2006) Urban
Revitalization Resource Guide. Delaware County Planning Department,
Media, PA.
Mimeograph.Google Scholar
Delaware County
Times (2006a) “Chester officials say
gambling will benefit their community.” May
22.Google Scholar
Delaware County
Times (2006b) “No shortage of
applicants on hand at Harrah’s job fair.” December
5.Google Scholar
Dumenil, G.Levy, D. (2004) “The nature and contradictions
of neoliberalism,” in Panitch, L.Leys, C.Zuege, A.Konings, M. (eds.) The Globalization Decade: A Critical Reader.
London:
Merlin:
245–74.Google Scholar
Eadington, W. R. (1995) “The emergence of casino
gaming as a major factor in tourism markets,” in
Butler, R.Pearce, D. (eds.) Change in Tourism: People, Places, Processes.
New York:
Routledge:
159–86.Google Scholar
Ewall, M. (1999) “Environmental racism in
Chester.” Campus Coalition concerning Chester
(C-4), http://www.ejnet.org/chester/ewall_article.html (accessed March 2,
2011).Google Scholar
FAIR Deal Coalition of
Chester (2006) “Rolling the dice:
Gambling with Chester’s future,” http://www.fairdealchester.org/FDCC_RollingtheDice_0906.pdf (accessed
September 6, 2010).Google Scholar
Fishman, S. (2004) “The preferred approach:
Pennsylvania-based Preferred Real Estate Investments turns factories of the
past into office buildings of the future.”
Northeast Real Estate Business, September.Google Scholar
Foster, S. (1998) “Justice from the ground up:
Distributive inequities, grassroots resistance, and the transformative
politics of the environmental justice movement.”
California Law Review
86:
775–841.Google Scholar
Frey, B.Oberholzer-Gee, F.Eichenberger, R. (1996) “The old lady visits your
backyard: A tale of morals and markets.”
Journal of Political Economy
104 (6):
1297–1313.Google Scholar
Fuller, C.Bennett, R. J.Ramsden, M. (2004) “Local government and the
changing institutional landscape of economic
development.” Environment and Planning C:
Government and Policy
22: 317–48.Google Scholar
Geddes, M. (2006) “The limits to local
governance: Institutionalist analysis and
neoliberalism.” International Journal of Urban
and Regional Research
30 (1):
76–97.Google Scholar
Hackworth, J. (2007) The Neoliberal City: Governance, Ideology,
and Development in American Urbanism. Ithaca,
NY: Cornell University
Press.Google Scholar
Hackworth, J.Moriah, A. (2006) “Neoliberalism, contingency,
and urban policy: The case of social housing in
Ontario.” International Journal of Urban and
Regional Research
30 (3):
510–27.Google Scholar
Hamilton, J.Viscusi, K. (1999) Calculating Risks? The Spatial and Political
Dimensions of Hazardous Waste Policy. Cambridge,
MA: MIT
Press.Google Scholar
Harris, R. E. (2008) Politics and Prejudice: Small-Town Blacks
Battle a Corrupt System. Media, PA:
Changing Outlook.Google Scholar
Harvey, D. (1989) “From managerialism to
entrepreneurialism: The transformation of urban governance in late
capitalism.” Geografiska Annaler
71 (1):
3–17.Google Scholar
Hooks, G.Mosher, C.Rotolo, T.Lobao, L. (2004) “The prison industry: Carceral
expansion and employment in U.S. counties,
1969–1994.” Social Science
Quarterly
85 (1):
35–57.Google Scholar
Huling, T. (2002) “Building a prison economy in
rural America,” in Mauer, M.Chesney-Lind, M. (eds.) Invisible Punishment: The Collateral Consequences of Mass
Imprisonment. New York:
New Press:
197–213.Google Scholar
Kunreuther, H.Easterling, D. (1996) “The role of compensation in
siting hazardous facilities.” Journal of
Policy Analysis and Management
15 (4):
601–22.Google Scholar
Lobao, L.Hooks, G. (2007) “Advancing the sociology of
spatial inequality,” in Lobao, L.Hooks, G.Tickamyer, A. R. (eds.) The Sociology of Spatial Inequality.
Albany: State University of
New York Press:
29–62.Google Scholar
May, J.Cloke, P.Johnsen, S. (2005) “Re-phasing neoliberalism: New
Labour and Britain’s crisis of street
homelessness.” Antipode
37 (4):
703–30.Google Scholar
McCann, E. (2002) “Space, citizenship, and the
right to the city: A brief overview.”
Geojournal
58 (2–3):
77–79.Google Scholar
Meli, J. T. (1972) “Barriers to employment growth
in a distressed area: A case study of Chester,
Pennsylvania.” PhD diss.,
University of
Pennsylvania.Google Scholar
Mendel-Reyes, M. (1995) Reclaiming Democracy: The Sixties in
Politics and Memory. New York:
Routledge.Google Scholar
Merry, S. E. (2001) “Spatial governmentality and
the new urban social order: Controlling gender violence through
law.” American Anthropologist
103 (1):
16–30.Google Scholar
Mitchell, D. (2003) The Right to the City: Social Justice and
the Fight for Public Space. New
York:
Guilford.Google Scholar
O’Sullivan, A. (1993) “Voluntary auctions for
noxious facilities: Incentives to participate and the efficiency of siting
decisions.” Journal of Environmental
Economics and Management
25 (1):
S12–S26.Google Scholar
Peck, J. (2004) “Geography and public policy:
Constructions of neoliberalism.” Progress in
Human Geography
28 (3):
392–405.Google Scholar
Pennsylvania General
Assembly (1998) Keystone Opportunity Zone Act 92,
House Bill No. 2328, http://www2.legis.state.pa.us/wu01/LI/BI/BT/1997/0/HB2328P3614.pdf.Google Scholar
Pennsylvania General
Assembly (2000) Keystone Opportunity Zone Expansion
Act 119, House Bill No. 2498, http://www2.legis.state.pa.us/wu01/LI/BI/BT/1999/0/HB2498P4208.pdf.Google Scholar
Pennsylvania General
Assembly (2002) Enhancement Extension Act
53.
On file at the Delaware County Historical
Society, Media,
PA.Google Scholar
Philadelphia Business
Journal (2008) “Keystone Sports gets
design for soccer stadium.” August 21.Google Scholar
Philadelphia
Inquirer (2006) “Harrah’s
venture grazes Chester: Projections were that residents would fare well with
jobs; now no one is saying anything definite.” May
12.Google Scholar
Philadelphia
Inquirer (2009) “Chester using casino
cash to balance budget.” May 26. Summers, A. A. (1978) “The
economy of Chester: What are the alternatives?” Address delivered to
the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia, September
19.Google Scholar
US Census
Bureau (2008) State and County QuickFacts:
Chester (city) Pennsylvania, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42/4213208.html.Google Scholar
US Environmental
Protection Agency, Region III, and Pennsylvania Department of Environmental
Resources (1995) Environmental Risk Study for
City of Chester, Pennsylvania. Summary report, June, http://epa.gov/region3/environmental_justice/ChesterEnvironmentalRiskStudySummaryReport6-1995.pdf.Google Scholar
Weber, R. (2002) “Extracting value from the
city: Neoliberalism and urban redevelopment.”
Antipode
34 (3):
519–40.Google Scholar