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Household and State-istics: Cornerstones of Society in Population Censuses (Belgium, 1846–1947)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2015

Kaat Louckx  and
Raf Vanderstraeten
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Abstract

Statistics originally meant state-istics, a scientific representation of the state for governmental purposes. It did not just cover the growing need for information in the emerging nation-states, but also contributed to establishing a new idea of government. This paper analyzes the rearticulation of the household within modern state-istics. The Belgian population censuses, which were first organized by Adolphe Quetelet, provide the material for our analyses. More particularly, we focus on the period from the mid-nineteenth until the mid-twentieth century, when the welfare state started to develop alternatives to household dependence. We discuss how the orientation shifted from the de facto to the de jure population; the state became involved in redefining the conditions for household membership. Two types of co-residential units were distinguished: family household and collective household. But inmates of collective households caused much concern; statisticians tried to reassign them administratively to households considered more appropriate. We also discuss the articulation of intrahousehold relations. Changes in the notion of “belongingness” show how the state articulated its expectations regarding the proverbial cornerstones of society.

Type
Articles
Information
Social Science History , Volume 39 , Issue 2 , Summer 2015 , pp. 201 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © Social Science History Association, 2015 

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