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Smoking Abstinence Twelve Months after an Acute Coronary Syndrome

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2017

Vânia Rocha ,
Marina P. Guerra ,
Marina S. Lemos ,
Júlia Maciel  and
Geoffrey C. Williams
Vânia Rocha*
Affiliation:
Universidade do Porto (Portugal)
Marina P. Guerra
Affiliation:
Universidade do Porto (Portugal)
Marina S. Lemos
Affiliation:
Universidade do Porto (Portugal)
Júlia Maciel
Affiliation:
Universidade do Porto (Portugal)
Geoffrey C. Williams
Affiliation:
University of Rochester (USA)
*
*Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Vânia Rocha. Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação. Porto (Portugal). 4200–135. Portugal. E-mail: vmasrocha@gmail.com
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Abstract

Studies on the cognitive working mechanism of smoking cessation in high-risk populations are few and much needed, and identifying long-term psychosocial factors to smoking cessation are relevant to improve intervention for cardiac patient groups. This longitudinal study followed patients who smoked and suffered an acute coronary syndrome from hospitalization to 12 months after clinical discharge. Questionnaires were administered to assess nicotine dependence, behavioral dependence, autonomous self-regulation, perceived competence, social support, anxiety, depressive symptoms and meaning in life at baseline, six months and twelve months after clinical discharge. The results showed that anxiety (F(2, 62) = 28.10, p < .001, ηp2 = .48) and depressive symptoms (F(2, 62) = 10.42, p < .001, ηp2 = .25) decreased over time, whereas meaning in life (F(2, 61) = 44.77, p < .001, ηp2 = .59) and social support increased (t(63) = –4.54, p < .001, 95% IC[–11.05, 4.29], η2 =.25). Smoking dependence was negatively predicted by change in perceived competence (B = –2.25, p = .011, 95% IC[.02, .60]) and positively by change in depressive symptoms (B =.37, p = .042, 95% IC[1.01, 2.05]) 12 months after clinical discharge. Nicotine dependence (t(17) = 2.76, p = .014, 95% IC[.39, 2.94], η2 =.31) and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (t(17) = 4.48, p < .001, 95% IC[5.49, 15.29], η2 =.54) decreased over time, whereas behavioral dependence increased among smokers (t(17) = –2.37, p = .030, 95% IC[–4.30, 2.54], η2 =.25). This study suggests that long term abstinence in cardiac patients may be enhanced by psychological interventions addressing perceived competence, depressive symptoms and behavioral dependence.

Keywords

acute coronary syndromebehavioral dependencedepressive symptomsperceived competencesmoking
Type
Research Article
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 20 , 2017 , E63
Copyright
Copyright © Universidad Complutense de Madrid and Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid 2017 

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Footnotes

How to cite this article:

Rocha, V, Guerra, M. P., Lemos, M. S., Maciel, J., & Williams, G. C. (2017). Smoking abstinence twelve months after an acute coronary syndrome. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 20. e63. Doi:10.1017/sjp.2017.61

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