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Towards a Model To Predict Macular Dichromats' Naming Errors: Effects of CIE Saturation and Dichromatism Type

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2014

Julio Lillo ,
Isaac Vitini ,
Aurora Caballero  and
Humberto Moreira
Julio Lillo*
Affiliation:
Complutense University of Madrid
Isaac Vitini
Affiliation:
Complutense University of Madrid
Aurora Caballero
Affiliation:
Complutense University of Madrid
Humberto Moreira
Affiliation:
Complutense University of Madrid
*
Address correspondence to: Julio Lillo Jover, Dpto. Psicología Diferencial y del Trabajo. Facultad de Psicología.Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Campus de Somosaguas. 28023 Madrid (Spain). Fax: 91-3943189. E-mail: julillo@psi.ucm.es
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Abstract

Thirty macular dichromat children (12 protanopes + 18 deuteranopes) and 29 controls, between 5 and 9 years old, participated in a monolexemic denomination task. Their clinical status was determined after a repeated application of a chromatic test set (Ishihara, CUCVT, and TIDA). The stimuli to be named were 12 tiles from the Color-Aid set belonging to the green, blue, and purple basic categories. Results showed that: (a) Dichromats made more naming errors when low saturation stimuli were used; (b) protanopes made more errors that deuteranopes; and (c) pseudoisochromatic lines predicted accurately the type of most frequent naming errors but they underestimated macular dichromats' functional capacity to name colors. Results are consistent with a model of macular dichromats' vision that hypothesizes a residual third type of cone in the periphery of the retina. Implications of this fact for everyday use of colors by macular dichromats' and for the validity of standard clinical diagnoses are discussed.

Treinta niños dicromáticos maculares (12 protanopes + 18 deuteranopes) y 29 controles, con edades comprendidas entre los 5 y 9 años, participaron en una tarea monolexémica de denominación de colores. Su categoría clínica se estableció partiendo de los resultados obtenidos tras la doble aplicación de una batería de tests cromáticos (Ishihara, CUCVT y TIDA). Los estímulos a nombrar fueron doce muestras del conjunto del Color-Aid, pertenecientes a las categorías básicas verde, azul y morado. Los resultados mostraron que: (a) los dicromáticos tuvieron más errores cuando se utilizaron estímulos de baja saturación; (b) los protanopes cometieron más errores que los deuteranopes; (c) las líneas de pseudoisocromaticidad fueron adecuadas para predecir cuáles fueron los errores de nombramiento más frecuentes, pero fueron menos eficaces de lo esperado a la hora de predecir la capacidad funcional de los dicromáticos maculares en el nombramiento de colores. Los resultados concuerdan con un modelo de la visión de los dicromáticos maculares que asume la existencia en la periferia de un tercer tipo de cono. Se discuten las implicaciones de este hecho para comprender el uso cotidiano que hacen estos observadores de los colores y la validez del procedimiento habitual de diagnóstico clínico.

Keywords

color blindnesscolor categorizationclinical diagnosisdichromatismceguera a los colorescategorización cromáticadiagnóstico clínicodicromatísmo
Type
Articles
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 4 , Issue 1 , May 2001 , pp. 26 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

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