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The Neurophysiological Validation of the Hyperpolarization Theory of Internal Inhibition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 April 2014

Galina I. Shulgina
Galina I. Shulgina*
Affiliation:
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences
*
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to: Shulgina Galina I., Doctor of Biological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Sciences, 117465 Moscow, Butlerova 5A. (Russia). Phone: (095) 789-38-52*20 60 (w), (095)940-37-74(h), 8 905 700 05 02. E-mail: Shulgina@rdm.ru
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Abstract

The experiments in conscious non-immobilized rabbits showed that cessation of the reactions without reinforcement (elaboration of the internal inhibition) is accompanied by an enhanced phasic state, by alternation of activation and inhibition of neuron firing, and by the corresponding slow potential oscillation (SPO). These changes can be either localized, predominantly in the structures of conditioned stimulus, or, under enhancement of the inhibitory state, generalized in the brain structures. On the basis of our experience and published data, it is concluded that the above event results from relative enhancement of the inhibitory hyperpolarizing processes due to increase in reactivity of the inhibitory systems to stimulus, which acquires inhibitory properties during learning. Changes in the excitability and reactivity of neuron populations appearing during enhancement of the hyperpolarizing inhibition, and differing in the various brain structures, play an active role in the execution of the main function of the internal inhibition: limitation of excitation transmission to the effectors. An inhibitory mediator gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is of great importance in inhibiting the excitation in response to the stimulus which lost its biological significance. These experimental data and their interpretation in the light of published data give the basis for the development of the hyperpolarization theory of internal inhibition.

En los experimentos con conejos conscientes no inmovilizados se ha mostrado que la interrupción de las reacciones tras la supresión del refuerzo, es decir, la elaboración de la inhibición interna, se ve acompañada por el incremento de fases, la alternancia de la activación y la inhibición del disparo de las neuronas, y sus correspondientes oscilaciones lentas de potencial. Estos cambios pueden ser locales, principalmente en las estructuras del estímulo condicionado o, en caso de incremento del estado de inhibición, generalizados sobre las estructuras del cerebro. Basándonos en nuestros datos y en los de la literatura actual se llega a la conclusión de que ese fenómeno está condicionado por el incremento de los procesos inhibitorios de hiperpolarización a raíz del incremento de la reactividad de los sistemas inhibitorios de la acción del estímulo, que adquiere significado inhibitorio durante el proceso de aprendizaje. La oscilación de la excitabilidad y reactividad en las poblaciones de elementos nerviosos que surge durante el incremento de la inhibición de la hiperpolarización, divergentes en distintas estructuras del cerebro, juega un papel activo en la ejecución de la función básica de la inhibición interna, la limitación de la transmisión de la excitación a los efectores. El mediador inhibidor, el ácido gama aminobutírico (GABA), juega un papel esencial en la desarrollo de la inhibición de la excitación al estímulo que ha perdido su significado biológico. Estos datos experimentales y su interpretación a la luz de los datos de la literatura dan fundamento al desarrollo de la teoría de hiperpolarización de la inhibición interna.

Keywords

psychophysiology of behaviorlearninginternal inhibitionlatent inhibitiongamma aminobutyric acidpsicofisiología del comportamientoaprendizajeinhibición internainhibición latenteácido gamma aminobutírico
Type
Articles
Information
The Spanish Journal of Psychology , Volume 8 , Issue 1 , May 2005 , pp. 86 - 99
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2005

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