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⁸ Schreiner, , Theater, 17–18 Google Scholar. See Calvin, Jean, Treatises against the Anabaptists and against the Libertines, trans, and ed. Farley, B. W. (Grand Rapids, MI, 1982), 230–32 Google Scholar (Against the Fantastic and Furious Sect of the Libertines who are called Spirituals).

⁹ Calvin, , First Book of Moses, 1: 125, 253 (on Gen. 2: 15; 6: 11).Google Scholar

¹⁰ Calvin, , Iob, 475–77 (Job 28: 1–9); Théodore de Bèze, Iob expounded by Theodore Beza (London, 1589), ch. 28.Google Scholar

¹¹ Hutcheson, George, An exposition of the book of Job (Edinburgh, 1669), 362.Google Scholar

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¹⁴ Edinburgh, NAS, CH2/234/1, Minutes of the Presbytery of Lanark, 1623–1657, 437, 439; The Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, 1124–1707, ed. Thomson, T. and Innes, C., 12 vols (London, 1814–75) [hereafter APS], 6/2: 292–94 Google Scholar; The Records of the Commissions of the General Assemblies of the Church of Scotland, ed. Mitchell, A. F. and Christie, J., SHS 25 (1896), 222–25 Google Scholar. On Browne, John, see Scott, Hew, Fasti Ecclesiœ Scoticanœ, 7 vols (Edinburgh, 1915–28), 2: 239.Google Scholar

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¹⁶ HHA, Bundle 648, Sir James Hope to Oliver Cromwell, January 1656; Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, 1649–1660, ed. Green, M. A. E., 13 vols (London, 1875–86 Google Scholar), 10: 242; 12: 76; Williamson,’Union with England’, 320—21.

¹⁷ HHA, Bundle 648, Sir James Hope to Col. Lambert, 3 February 1657; Bundle 652, Petition to the Council in Scotland, 24 November 1658; NAS, CH2/234/1, 529,553.

¹⁸ HHA, Bundle 648, Oliver Cromwell to the Council in Scotland, 29 June 1658.

¹⁹ NAS, GD26/10/40, Petition to General Assembly by Lady Margaret Hope in name of Charles Hope of Hoptoune [Hopetoun], her son, for erecting a church for the convenience of his workers at the mines of Leadhill.

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²⁶ Todd, Culture of Protestantism, 220; Selections from the Synod of Aberdeen, ed. Stuart, 221. On pilgrimages to wells, see also, in this volume, Raymond Gillespie,’God, Saints and the Natural World in Early Modern Ireland’, 217–36.

²⁷ Skeyne, Gilbert, Ane breif descriptioun of the qualiteis and effectis of the vvell of the vvoman hil besyde Abirdene (Edinburgh, 1580)Google Scholar; Mackaile, Matthew, Moffet-well, or, A topographko-spagyrkall description of the minerall wells (Edinburgh, 1664), 118.Google Scholar The latter tract lamented Hope’s death for halting further investigation into mineral springs: ibid. 136.

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³³ Franck, Richard, Northern Memoirs, Calculated for the Meridian of Scotland (London, 1694), 81.Google Scholar

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³⁵ HHA, Bundle 652, Interrogators … to the erecting of a Churche at the Mines, 1652.

³⁶ HHA, Bundle 648, Petition from Sir James Hope, 22 September 1655; NAS, CH2/234/1, 529.

³⁷ Calvin, Jean, Commentary on the Book of the Prophet Isaiah, trans. Pringle, William, 4 vols (Edinburgh, 1850–53), 1: 205–06 (on Isa. 6: 3).Google Scholar

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³⁹ Calvin, Institutes, 3.20.30 (ed. McNeill, trans. Battles, 2: 893).

⁴⁰ Ibid., Prefatory Address (ed. McNeill, trans. Battles, 1: 25).

⁴¹ Schmidt, L. E., Holy Fairs: Scottish Communions and American Revivals in the Early Modern Period, (Princeton, NJ, 1989), 22–29 Google Scholar; Stevenson, D., ‘Conventicles in the Kirk, 1619–37: The Emergence of a Radical Party’, RSCHS 18 (1972), 99–114 Google Scholar; Spicer, A., ‘“What kinde of house a kirk is”: Conventicles, Consecrations and the Concept of Sacred Space in Post-Reformation Scotland’, in Coster, W. and Spicer, A., eds, Sacred Space in Early Modern Europe (Cambridge, 2005), 81–103, at 95–98.Google Scholar

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⁴³ D. Stevenson, ‘The Radical Party in the Kirk, 1637–45’, JEH 25 (1974), 135–65, at 136–37.

⁴⁴ Cowan, I. B., The Scottish Covenanters, 1660–1688 (London, 1976), 50–63 Google Scholar; Schmidt, Holy Fairs, 32–41; E. Hannan Hyman, ‘A Church Militant: Scotland, 1661–1690’, Sixteenth Century Journal 26 (1995), 49–74.

⁴⁵ Sage, John, The Case Of the Present Afflicted Clergy in Scotland Truly Represented … by a Lover of the Church and his Country (London, 1690), 66 Google Scholar; Cowan, Scottish Covenanters, 119.

⁴⁶ A Cloud of Witnesses, for the Royal Prerogatives Jesus Christ: or, the Last Speeches and Testimonies Of those who have suffered for the Truth in Scotland, since the Year 1680. … 5th edn (Glasgow, 1751), 243–44.Google Scholar Another of the rebels sought in July 1684 was Watson from Glengonner, near Leadhills: The Register of the Privy Council of Scotland: Third series, ed. Brown, P. H. et al., 16 vols (Edinburgh, 1908–70), 10; 218.Google Scholar

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⁵² NAS, GD26/10/43, Information for Charles Hope of Hoptoun [Hopetoun] regarding the erecting of a church at his lead mines at Hoptoune with petition to King for gift of the tack duty of 1000 merks due yearly for said mines. Reference is made to ‘after the happy setdement of this Church’ but this might refer more to the success of the petition than the post-1689 religious settlement: GD26/10/40, Petition by Lady Margaret Hope. See also APS, ed. Thomson and Innes, 9: 454.

⁵³ NAS, CH2/234/3, Minutes of the Presbytery of Lanark, 1691–1699, 189, 216, 240; CH2/234/4, Minutes of the Presbytery of Lanark, 1699–1709, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 17, 30, 32, 35, 45, 56, 139, 145, 151. For religious discipline, see CH2/234/3, 229, 234, 238.

⁵⁴ HHA, Accounts, volume 1, memorandum of 5 March 1696.

⁵⁵ HHA, Bundle 116, Extract Act of Assembly 1738 Respecting the chaplain at Leadhills; NAS, CH1/2/76, General Assembly Papers, Main Series (1738), fols 299—303. See also CH1/2/106, General Assembly Papers, Main Series (1765), fols 304–305.

⁵⁶ Calvin, , Iob, 476–77 Google Scholar (on Job 28: 1–9).

⁵⁷ ‘Diary of Sir James Hope’, ed. Balfour Paul, 153—54. For an alternative political interpretation, see Williamson, , ‘Union with England’, 315.Google Scholar

⁵⁸ See Spicer, , ‘“What kinde of house”’, 87–98.Google Scholar