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‘The Partial Customs of these Frozen Parts’: Religious Riot and Reconciliation in the North of England*
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 21 March 2016
Extract
John Bossy’s recent book, Peace in the Post-Reformation, should, I think, finally lay to rest Thomas Hardy’s notion that ‘War makes rattling good history; but peace is poor reading.’ In it he suggests that the ‘moral tradition’ was a feature of traditional religion, transformed by the religious and social changes taking place between about 1500 and 1700, and eroded by a current of civility. Furthermore, Bossy argues that in England even the godly sought the moral tradition and attempted to make peace with their neighbours. In this article, I will trace peace-making between the godly and their Catholic neighbours in the North of England in the early seventeenth century. In doing so, I will suggest some alternatives to Bossy’s argument: that the language of civility was exploited by the godly to make peace on their terms; that it was changing in this period; and that it appropriated rather than ran directly against the moral tradition.
- Type
- Research Article
- Information
- Studies in Church History , Volume 40: Retribution, Repentance, and Reconciliation , 2004 , pp. 169 - 179
- Copyright
- Copyright © Ecclesiastical History Society 2004
Footnotes
*
The quotation in the tide is taken from the letter of Thomas Hoby to Robert Cecil, 5 September 1600. See, HMO. Salisbury MSS (1883–1923), X: 303. For discussions of this material and help clarifying my ideas, I would like to thank Mark Jenner, Bill Sheils and Michelle Wolfe.
References
1 Bossy, John, Peace in the Post-Reformation (Cambridge, 1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Hardy, Thomas, The Dynasts: a Drama of the Napoleonic Wars, 3 vols (London, 1903–8), 2: vGoogle Scholar.
2 The source material for the dispute is at Public Record Office [hereafter P.R.O.] STAC 5/H50/4, 5/H16/2, 5/H22/21 and 5/H42/12. The correspondence can be found in HMC: Salisbury MSS (1883–1923), X: 302–4, 325, 391–2, XI: 11–12, 456, 546, XII: 22–3, 32, 105, XXII: 81.
3 Bryson, Anna, From Courtesy to Civility: Changing Codes of Conduct in Early Modern England (Oxford, 1998)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, suggests change; Gillingham, John, ‘From Civilitas to Civility: Codes of Manners in Medieval and Early Modern England’, TRHS ser. 6, 12 (2002), 267–89 Google Scholar, advocates continuity. Also important is Burke, Peter, Harrison, Brian and Slack, Paul, eds, Civil Histories: Essays Presented to Sir Keith Thomas (Oxford, 2000)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
4 Castiglione, Baldassare, The Courtyer of Count Baldessar Castilio divided intofoure bookes. Very necessary and profitable for yonge Gentilmen and Gentilwomen abiding in Court, Palaice, or Place, done into Englyshe by Thomas Hoby (London, 1561)Google Scholar.
5 Russell, Lady Elizabeth, A Way of Reconciliation of a Good and Learned Man: Touching the Trueth, Nature, and Substance of the Body and Blood of Christ in the Sacrament (London, 1605)Google Scholar, sig. Aiv.
6 For Richard Rhodes, see Marchant, Ronald Albert, The Puritans and the Church Courts in the Diocese of York, 1560–1642 (London, 1960), 271–2 Google Scholar.
7 Byfield, Nicholas, The Rule of Faith: or an Exposition of the Apostles Creed (London, 1626)Google Scholar, sig. A2v-A3r.
8 The Private Life of an Elizabethan Lady: the Diary of Lady Margaret Hoby, 1599–1605, ed. Joanna Moody (Stroud, 1998).
9 Ibid., 108.
10 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of Peter Campelman and John Thornborough, Bishop of Limerick.
11 Ibid., evidence of John Reynes and Robert Nettleton.
12 Salisbury, X 304, Thomas Hoby to the Privy Council, 5 September 1600.
13 Ibid., X: 304.
14 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of Robert Nettleton.
15 Ibid., evidence of William Jorden.
16 Salisbury, X: 325, Thomas Hoby to Robert Cecil, 26 September 1600.
17 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of Robert Nettleton.
18 Ibid., evidence of Robert Nettleton.
19 Salisbury, X: 304, Thomas Hoby to the Privy Council, 5 September 1600.
20 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of Everill Aske.
21 Salisbury, XI: 11–12.
22 Ibid., X: 304, Robert Cecil to Thomas Hoby, 1 November 1600.
23 Ibid., XXII: 81.
24 Ibid., X: 303.
25 Ibid., XXII: 81.
26 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of John Thomborough.
27 Salisbury, XII: 22, Ralph Lord Eure to Robert Cecil, 16 January 1602.
28 Diary of Lady Margaret Hoby, 180–1.
29 Elias, Norbert, The Civilizing Process: Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Investigations, Dunning, Eric, Goudsblom, Johan and Mennell, Stephen, eds, transl. Jephcott, Edmund (revised edn, Oxford and Cambridge, MA, 2000)Google Scholar.
30 P.R.O. STAC 5/H22/21, interrogatories.
31 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of Everill Aske.
32 Diary of Lady Margaret Hoby, 180–1.
33 P.R.O. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of Robert Nettleton.
34 Ibid., evidence of Michael Wharton. For the accusation that Hoby beat his wife, see P.R.O. STAC 5/H22/21, interrogatories ex parte Eure, no. 44.
35 Ibid., evidence of Everill Aske and Robert Nettleton.
36 See Blok, Anton, Honour and Violence (Oxford, 2001), 168–70 Google Scholar. The best analysis of nicknames is Schindler, Norbert, ‘The World of Nicknames: on the Logic of Popular Nomenclature’, in idem, Rebellion, Community and Custom in Early Modern Germany, trans. Selwyn, Pamela E. (Cambridge, 2002), 48–92 Google Scholar.
37 P.R.O. STAC 5/H42/12, evidence of William Eure.
38 Salisbury, XI: 11–12.
39 Ibid., XI: 11–12. For honour in this incident, see Heal, Felicity, ‘Reputation and Honour in Court and Country: Lady Elizabeth Russell and Sir Thomas Hoby’, TRHS ser. 6,6 (1996), 161–78 Google Scholar.
40 PJLO. STAC 5/H50/4, evidence of William Jorden.
41 P.R.O. STAC 5/H22/21.
42 Salisbury, XII: 22–3.
43 The Memoirs and Memorials of Sir Hugh Cholmley of Whitby, 1600–1657, ed. Jack Binns, Yorkshire Archaeological Society Record Series 153 (Woodbridge, 2000), 76 and 72.
44 P.R.O. STAC 8/175/4, Bill of Complaint.