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Effects of Dust Formation on Chemical Abundances

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2017

G. A. Shields
G. A. Shields*
Affiliation:
Department of Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin

Abstract

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Gas-phase abundances of C, Mg, Si, Ca, and Fe have been measured for a number of planetary nebulae on the basis of optical, ultraviolet, and infrared emission-line intensities. The abundances of Si, Ca, and Fe show characteristic depletions of one to two orders-of-magnitude as a result of grain formation. Magnesium shows a similar depletion in the outer parts of several planetary nebulae, but it is undepleted in their inner parts. Carbon is not detectably depleted by grain formation. Efficient condensation of refractory elements can easily occur during the early stages of formation of a planetary nebula; but the observed, residual gas-phase abundances are not understood. Observations of molecules in the envelopes of late-type stars may provide useful clues.

Type
Section III: Chemical Abundances in Planetary Nebulae
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 103: Planetary Nebulae , 1983 , pp. 259 - 264
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1983 

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