Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-gvh9x Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-22T21:35:51.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The role of refraction in the measurement of three-dimensional movements by geodetic methods

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 August 2015

A. H. Dodson*
Affiliation:
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nottingham, ENGLAND

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The measurement of three-dimensional movements by geodetic techniques involves the determination of spatial co-ordinates by the observation of horizontal theodolite angles and EDM distances, with either vertical angles or spirit levelling providing the height control. For correct interpretation of the results it is essential that estimates of the accuracy of the position determinations are also provided.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1979 

References

Ashkenazi, V. (1975) Deformation measurements at the Empingham Dam site , Proc. F.I.G. Symp., Cracow.Google Scholar
Ashkenazi, V. and Dodson, A.H. (1975) Experimental accuracies in the remote measurement of spatial deformations by geodetic methods , Proc. F.I.G. Symp., Cracow.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ashkenazi, V. and Dodson, A.H. (1977) The calibration and evaluation of EDM instruments , Proc. XV F.I.G. Congress, Stockholm.Google Scholar
Brunner, F.K. (1977) Experimental determination of the co-efficients of refraction from heat flux measurements , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar
Brunner, F.K. and Fraser, C.S. (1977) An atmospheric turbulent transfer model for EDM reduction , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar
Dodson, A.H. (1977) The measurement of spatial displacements by geodetic methods , , .Google Scholar
Felletschin, V. (1977) Possibilities for raising the accuracy of light and microwave instruments , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar
Huggett, G.R. and Slater, L.E. (1977) Recent advances in multiwavelength distance measurement , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar
Maier, U. (1977) Distance measurements over the Rhine valley , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar
Tengström, E. (1977) Some absolute tests of the results of IDM measurements in the field with a description of the formulae used in the tests , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar
Williams, D.C. (1977) First field tests of an angular dual wavelength instrument , Proc. I.A.G. Symp., Wageningen.Google Scholar