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Tidal Torques Dynamical Friction and the Structure of Clusters of Galaxies

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 May 2016

A. Del Popolo
Affiliation:
Istituto di Astronomia Viale A. Doria, 6 - I 95125 Catania, ITALY
M. Gambera
Affiliation:
Istituto di Astronomia Viale A. Doria, 6 - I 95125 Catania, ITALY

Abstract

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We study the joint effect of tidal torques and dynamical friction on the collapse of density peaks solving numerically the equations of motion of a shell of barionic matter falling into the central regions of a cluster of galaxies. We calculate the evolution of the expansion parameter, a(t), of the perturbation using a coefficient of dynamical friction ηcl obtained from a clustered system and taking into account the gravitational interaction of the quadrupole moment of the system with the tidal field of the matter of the neighboring proto-galaxies. We find that the tidal torques and the dynamical friction slow down the collapse of low-v (v < 3) peaks producing an observable variation of a(t) (Del Popolo & Gambera 1996,1997). As consequence we have a reduction of the mass bound to collapsed perturbations and a raising of the critical threshold, δc. Besides, we have a bias of dynamical nature arises because high-density peaks preferentially collapse to form halos within which visible objects. We calculate the selection function and using it and the prescriptions given by Bardeen et al. 1986 we find a value of the coefficient of bias, b = 2.25 on clusters scales for Rf = 4h–1Mpc comparable both with that obtained from the mean mass-to-light ratio of clusters, APM survey, or from N-body simulations combined with hydrodynamical models and with the values of b given by Kauffmann et al. 1996. This means that non-radial motions and dynamical friction play a significant role in determining the bias level.

Type
IV. Structure Formation and Dark Matter
Copyright
Copyright © Kluwer 1999 

References

Bardeen, J. M., Bond, J. R., Kaiser, N., Szalay, A. S. 1986, ApJ., 304, 15 Google Scholar
Del Popolo, A., Gambera, M. 1996, A & A 308, 373 Google Scholar
Del Popolo, A., Gambera, M. 1997, A & A 321, 691 Google Scholar
Kauffmann, G., Nusser, A., Steinmetz, M., 1996, submitted to MNRAS Google Scholar