Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m8s7h Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T15:56:55.075Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Mixed Economy of Support for the Aged in Australia: Lessons for Privatisation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2023

Peter Saunders
Affiliation:
Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales
Michael Fine
Affiliation:
Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales

Abstract

This paper describes and analyses aspects of Australian income support and service arrangements for the aged in the context of broader issues relating to privatisation. It is argued that much of the welfare privatisation debate is overly simplistic and does not recognise the important role which the non-government sector already plays in aspects of support for the age. Analysis of income data shows, for example, that transfer income currently accounts for less than half of the income of the aged. The trend towards superannuation is apparent in the data, although some doubts are raised about the impact of superannuation expansion on the finance of population ageing. In the area of community services, the paper describes the development of policy over the last few decades in order to illustrate the complexity of existing arrangements. The switch from institutional to community care is identified as a major trend, particularly during the 1980s, and some of the implications of this development for privatisation are drawn out and analysed.

Type
Symposium: An International Perspective on Privatisation
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

The authors wish to thank Sara Graham and Mark Lyons for their comments on the earlier version of the paper, but are responsible for any errors of fact or interpretation contained in the paper.

References

Aaron, J.J., Bosworth, B.P., Burtless, G. (1989) Can Americal Afford to Grow Old?, Washington D.C., The Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Auditor General, (1981), Commonwealth Administration of Nursing Home Programs. Report of the Auitor General on an Efficiency Audit, Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.Google Scholar
Barr, N.A. (1979), “Myths My Grandpa Taught Me”, The Three Banks Review, No. 124, December, pp.2755.Google Scholar
Bradshaw, J. (1991), “Social Security”, in Marsh, , Rhodes, R.A.W. (eds), Implementing Thatcherite Policies. Audit of an Era.Google Scholar
Cox, J. (1992a) “Microeconomic Reform and the Welfare State”, Policy, Vol. 8, Autumn, pp.1114.Google Scholar
Cox, J. (1992b), Private Welfare, Sydney, The Centre for Independent Studies.Google Scholar
Department of Community Services (1986), Nursing Homes and Hostels Review, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.Google Scholar
Department of Community Services and Health (1988), Home and Community Care Program. National Guidelines, Canberra.Google Scholar
Department of Health Housing and Community Services (1991), Aged Care Reform Strategy Mid Term Review 1990–91, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.Google Scholar
Department of Health Housing and Community Services (1992), It’s Your Choice: a report outlining the development of the Community Options initiative and drawing together the findings of State and Territory project evaluations, Home and Community Care Branch, Aged and Community Care Division, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.Google Scholar
Fine, M. (1992), Community Support Services and Their Users. The First Eighteen Months, Reports and Proceedings No.100, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales.Google Scholar
Fine, M., Graham, S., Webb, A., (1991), Benchmarks and Other Approaches to Planning Community Support Services: A Reiew of international Experience, Reports and Proceedings No. 94, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales.Google Scholar
First Triennial Review of the Home and Community Care Program (the HACC Review), (1989), Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.Google Scholar
Graham, S., Ross, R., Payne, T., (1991) The Evaluation of Community Options in New South Wales. Final Report, Reports and Proceedings No. 103, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales.Google Scholar
Hedstrom, P., Ringen, S. (1990), “Age and Income in Contemporary Society” in Smeeding, T., O’Higgins, M., Rainwater, L. (eds) Poverty, Inequality and Income Distribution in Comparative Perspective. The Luxembourg Income Study, London; Harvester, Wheatsheaf, pp. 77104.Google Scholar
Klein, R. (1984), “Privatisation and the Welfare State”, Lloyds Bank Review, January, pp. 1229.Google Scholar
Le Grand, J. (1990), “The State of Welfare”, in Hills, J. (ed) The State of Welfare. The Welfare State in Britain Since 1974, Oxford University Press, pp.338360.Google Scholar
Le Grand, J. (1991), Quasi-Markets and Social Policy Economic Journal, Vol. 101. pp. 12561267.Google Scholar
Le Grand, J. (1992), “Paying For or Providing Welfare?”, presented to the British Social Policy Association Annual Conference, University of Nottingham, July.Google Scholar
Le Grand, J., Robinson, R (1984), “Privatisation and the Welfare State: An Introduction” in Le Grand, J., Robinson, R. (eds), Privatisation and the Welfare State, London: George Allen and Unwin, pp. 18.Google Scholar
Lyons, M. (1991), The Privatisation of Human Services in Australia: Myth and Reality, CACOM Working Paper No. 5, Centre for Australian Community Organisations and Management, University of Technology, Sydney.Google Scholar
McLeay, L. Chairperson (1982) In a Home or At Home: accommodation and home care for the aged, Report from the House of Representitives Standing Committee on Expenditure, Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra.Google Scholar
Munnell, A.H., Ernsberger, C.N. (1989), “Public Pension Surpluses and National Saving: Foreign Experience” New England Economic Review, March/April.Google Scholar
O’Connor, P. (1990), “Privatisation and Welfare Services”, Australian Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 25 (1), pp. 2739.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Higgins, M. (1981) “Income During Initial Sickness: An Analysis and Evaluation of a New Strategy for Social Security”, Policy and Politics, Vol. 9 (2), pp. 151171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, R.A., (1987), The Elderly and Residential Care. Australian Lessons for Britain, Gower, Aldershot.Google Scholar
Saunders, P. (1989) Towards an Understanding of Commonwealth Social Expenditure Trends, Discussion Paper No. 16, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales.Google Scholar
Saunders, P. (1992), “Recent Trends in the Size and Growth of Government in OECD Countries” in Gemmell, N. (ed). The Growth of the Public Sector. Theories and International Evidence, Edward Elgar, forthcoming.Google Scholar
Saunders, P., Whiteford, P. (1987), Ending Child Poverty. An Assessment of the Government’s Family Package, Reports and Proceedings No.69, Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales.Google Scholar
Sax, S., (1984), A Strife of Interests. Politics and Policies of Australian Health Services, George Allen and Unwin, Sydney.Google Scholar
Senate Select Committee, (1984), Private Nursing Homes in Australia: Their conduct, administration and ownership. Report by the senate Select Committee on Private Hospitals an Nursing Homes, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.Google Scholar
Walker, A. (1984), “The Political Economy of Privatisation” in Le Grand, , Robinson, (eds.), pp. 1944.Google Scholar