^{page 237 note ∗} A version of this introduction on Stephen Langton as a preaching master in twelfth-century Paris was presented in a paper delivered at the First Mid-Atlantic States Conference on Patristic, Mediaeval, and Renaissance Studies at Villanova University in September 1976.Google Scholar

^{page 237 note 1} Chenu, M.-D., La théologie au douzième siècle (Paris 1957) esp. 233, 260.Google Scholar

^{page 238 note 2} Roberts, P. B., Stephanus de Lingua-Tonante: Studies in the Sermons of Stephen Langton (Toronto 1968) ch. 3, which deals with the audiences, language, kinds, occasions, and locale of the sermons.Google Scholar

^{page 238 note 3} On the revival of popular preaching in the twelfth century, see Smalley, B., The Study of the Bible in the Middle Ages (2nd ed. rev. Oxford 1952) 244. The older view is represented by Lecoy de la Marche, A., La chaire française au moyen ǎge, spécialement au XIII ^e siècle (2nd ed. Paris 1886) 11.Google Scholar

^{page 238 note 4} Lat. IV, c. 10, Conciliorum œcumenicorum decreta (Freiburg–Rome–Vienna 1962) 215.Google Scholar

^{page 238 note 5} Hurter, F., Geschichte Papst Innocenz III. (4 vols. Hamburg 1834–1842) IV 506. For the sermons of Innocent III, see PL 217.313–688.Google Scholar

^{page 239 note 6} On the preaching office and the role of masters in preaching, see Mandonnet, P., Saint Dominique (2 vols. Paris 1938) II 83–100; and J. Leclercq, ‘Le Magistère du prédicateur au xiii^e siècle,’ Archives d'histoire doctrinale et littéraire du moyen ǎge 21 (1946) 105–147.Google Scholar

^{page 239 note 7} … per unamquamque ecclesiam cathedralem magistro, qui clericos eiusdem ecclesiae et scholares pauperes gratis doceat, competens aliquod beneficium assignetur, quo docentis necessitas sublevetur et discentibus via pateat ad doctrinam.’ Lat. III, c. 18, Conciliorum oecumenicorum decreta 196. ‘Verum quoniam in multis ecclesiis id minime observatur, nos praedictum roborantes statutum, adicimus ut non solum in qualibet cathedrali ecclesia sed etiam in aliis …’ Lat. IV, c. 11, ibid. 216.Google Scholar

^{page 239 note 8} Charland, Th. M., Artes praedicandi (Paris–Ottawa 1936) 9.Google Scholar

^{page 239 note 9} See Caplan, H., Medieval Artes praedicandi: A Handlist (Cornell Studies in Classical Philology 24; Ithaca 1934) and his Medieval Artes praedicandi: A Supplementary Handlist, published in the same series in 1936.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 10} Guibert de Nogent, PL 156.21–32; Alain de Lille, PL 210.109–198.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 11} Smalley, , Study of the Bible 368.Google Scholar

^{page 240 note 12} Bulaeus, C. E. (du Boulay, C. E.), Historia universitatis Parisiensis (6 vols. Paris 1665–1673) II 374.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 13} On the statutes concerning preaching in the University of Paris, see Denitle, H. and Chatelain, E., Chartularium universitatis Parisiensis (4 vols. Paris 1889–1897) II 1188–1189.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 14} Verbum abbreviatum c. 1, PL 205.25.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 15} See Roberts, , Studies in the Sermons chs. 1–2.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 16} Ibid. 58–59.Google Scholar

^{page 241 note 17} Ibid. chs. 3–4.Google Scholar

^{page 242 note ∗} For descriptions and content analyses of all MS references given in connection with the sermon texts which follow, see the appropriate appendices in Roberts, Studies in the Sermons. Number references in parentheses in the introductions to each sermon refer to paragraph and line citations in the Latin text.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 1} Is. 40.31.Google Scholar

^{page 243 note 2} Cf. Sap. 5.9.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 3} Eccles. 1.2.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 4} Cf. Matt. 13.45.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 5} Ps. 72.25.Google Scholar

^{page 244 note 6} Cf. Is. 64.4.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 7} Rom. 6.19.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 8} Ibid. 8.18.Google Scholar

^{page 245 note 9} Cf. 1 Par. 4.43.Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 10} Cf. Tob. 2.4–9.Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 11} The source of the exemplum is Gregory's dialogue ‘De Bonifacio Ferentinae ciuitatis episcopo,’ in Dialog. lib. 1.9 (PL 77.189–192). The exemplum is given in twenty-nine lines in this MS. It is told at varying lengths and with some variation in detail in separate versions of the same sermon. Gregory's name and the name of the bishop are omitted here. See Roberts, , Studies in the Sermons 88–89.Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 12} Greg. Dialog. lib. 3.1 (PL 77.216–221).Google Scholar

^{page 246 note 13} In the Dialogue, Paulinus was a captive of a Vandal king.Google Scholar

^{page 247 note 14} The Dialogue has the phrase ‘regis gener’ = kinsman of the king.Google Scholar

^{page 247 note 15} Eph. 4.8.Google Scholar

^{page 247 note 16} Cf. Mark 6.34–44.Google Scholar

^{page 248 note 17} Rom. 12.1.Google Scholar

^{page 248 note 18} Ps. 54.7.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 1} Matt. 5.3.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 2} Eccli. 40.1.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 3} Cf. Gen. 47.9.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 4} Eccli. 18.8.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 5} Cf. Ioh. 11.35.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 6} I have been unable to trace this passage in any of the indices to Jerome's works, CSEL.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 7} Ier. 31.21.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 8} Cf. In I Reg. Exp. 4.1:7–8 (PL 79.221).Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 9} Ps. 55.4.Google Scholar

^{page 250 note 10} Os. 2.15.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 11} Cf. Lev. 12.6–8.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 12} Cf. Mark 11.11.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 13} Cf. Tract. in Marc. Evang. 11.11–14 (CSEL 78.487).Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 14} Cf. Enarr. in Psalmos 98.3 (CSEL 39.1379–1380).Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 15} Matt. 20.22.Google Scholar

^{page 251 note 16} Ps. 115.12.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 17} Iob 9.8.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 18} Ps. 103.3.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 19} Sap. 3.7.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 20} Ibid. 5.1.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 21} Mal. 4.2–3.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 22} Is. 66.24.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 23} Luke 12.49.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 24} Ps. 25.2.Google Scholar

^{page 252 note 25} Ez. 1.7.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 26} Cf. Sap. 3.4,11.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 27} Iob 40.16.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 28} Sap. 3.7.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 29} Gen. 19.27–28.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 30} Cf. Sap. 3.7.Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 31} Cf. Tract. in Ioh. 10.6 (CSEL 36.103).Google Scholar

^{page 253 note 32} Gen. 18.27.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 33} 1 Cor. 4.11–13.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 34} Act. 20.33–35.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 35} 2 Cor. 4.8–9.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 36} Ps. 4.2.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 37} Cf. Ex. 1.12.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 38} Cf. Matt. 13.31, 17.19.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 39} Act. 21.13.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 40} Matt. 11.29.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 41} 2 Reg. 6.22.Google Scholar

^{page 254 note 42} Luke 18.14.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 43} Cf. ibid. 17.10.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 44} Matt. 25.21.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 45} Is. 49.14.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 46} Ibid. 49.15.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 47} Luke 15.21.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 48} Ibid. 15.22.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 49} Ibid. 12.19.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 50} Ibid. 12.20.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 51} Rom. 8.18.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 52} 1 Cor. 2.9.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 53} Iob 9.28.Google Scholar

^{page 255 note 54} Cf. Moral. in Iob 9.9 (PL 75.887–890).Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 55} Cf. Ioh. 3.14.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 56} In the Apocryphal Acts of Peter, dating from the second century, there is the legend (also mentioned by Origen) that Peter was crucified head downward.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 57} Cf. Ex. 10.12–13.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 58} Cf. Ioh. 12.17.Google Scholar

^{page 256 note 59} 1 Cor. 15.9.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 60} Is. 5.8.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 61} Ps. 115.12.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 62} Ibid. 21.7.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 63} Is. 53.7.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 64} Luke 16.9.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 65} Eccli. 17.18–19.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 66} Apoc. 14.13.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 67} Matt. 5.3.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 68} Cf. Os. 1.4.Google Scholar

^{page 257 note 69} Cf. Ez. 12.3.Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 70} Other readings of this exemplum mention ‘litteras patentes a rege Francorum.’Google Scholar

^{page 258 note 71} Matt. 25.40.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 1} Act. 20.28.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 2} Ps. 49.16.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 3} Hebr. 12.20.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 4} Eccli. 28.29.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 5} Cf. Act. 9.15.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 6} Luke 12.48.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 7} Cf. Is. 26.18.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 8} Ps. 59.6.Google Scholar

^{page 260 note 9} Sap. 6.3–9.Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 10} Cf. Ez. 9.3–4.Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 11} Ibid. 9.6.Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 12} Ier. 11.15.Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 13} Num. 25.1–4.Google Scholar

^{page 261 note 14} Cf. In Num. hom. 20 (PG 12.735).Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 15} Ier. 15.17.Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 16} Iud. 11.Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 17} Gen. 3.14.Google Scholar

^{page 262 note 18} 1 Cor. 11.29.Google Scholar

^{page 263 note 19} Cf. Deut. 28.43–44.Google Scholar

^{page 263 note 20} Cf. Ioh. 18.17–27.Google Scholar

^{page 263 note 21} Iob 31.9–12.Google Scholar

^{page 263 note 22} Ibid. 31.1.Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 23} Ibid. 31.2.Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 24} Luke 1.53.Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 25} 1 Tim. 6.9.Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 26} Ep. 118 ad Julianum (PL 22.796).Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 27} 1 Tim. 6.10.Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 28} Os. 5.1.Google Scholar

^{page 264 note 29} Is. 43.24.Google Scholar

^{page 265 note 30} There are a few etymologies of Hebrew words in Langton's sermons, but these would not necessarily require a knowledge of Hebrew. St. Jerome's handbook on the interpretation of Hebrew names was probably Langton's source. S. Hieronymi presbyteri Liber interpretationis Hebraicorum nominum (CSEL 72). See also Roberts, Studies in the Sermons 102–103.Google Scholar

^{page 265 note 31} Matt. 11.29.Google Scholar

^{page 265 note 32} Luke 18.14.Google Scholar

^{page 265 note 33} Matt. 25.30.Google Scholar

^{page 265 note 34} Lev. 9.7.Google Scholar

^{page 265 note 35} 1 Tim. 4.16.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 36} Luke 18.11.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 37} Matt. 26.35.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 38} Cf. Ep. 5 ad Cyriacum episcopum (PL 77.858–859).Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 39} Ex. 23.9.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 40} Act. 10.34.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 41} Sap. 6.8.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 42} Ps. 71.13–14.Google Scholar

^{page 266 note 43} Cf. Ioh. 21.15–17.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 44} Cf. note 38, supra. Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 45} Ps. 40.2.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 46} Matt. 8.7.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 47} Cf. Mal. 2.10.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 48} Iob 31.13–15.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 49} Ibid. 5.24.Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 50} Cf. Moral. in Iob 6.5 (PL 75.759).Google Scholar

^{page 267 note 51} See Act. 20.17ff. on Paul's mission to Ephesus.Google Scholar