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Sogno, Cristiana
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Paulinus of Nola in the Literary Tradition
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 July 2017
Extract
Paulinus of Nola (ca. 355–431)—the wealthy aristocrat from Aquitaine and once governor of Campania who converted to asceticism, sold his and his wife's property, went to Nola to live as a monk at St. Felix's shrine, and was eventually elected bishop of Nola—is remembered not so much for any single great achievement as for a number of smaller ones. His contemporaries admired his asceticism, and he is counted among the earliest Christian Latin poets. His descriptions of the buildings at Nola are important to Christian archaeology, and he was known to many Latin fathers, including Ambrose, Augustine, and Jerome. Of his works, about fifty letters and thirty poems are extant. Paulinus is also known through other writers, both contemporary and later; and what follows is an attempt to trace him in the literary tradition from his own day through to the Carolingian age.
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- Traditio , Volume 32 , Issue S1: ΠAPAΔOΣIΣ: Studies in Memory of Edwin A. Quain , 1976 , pp. 35 - 45
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References
1 Ed. Hartel (CSEL 29, 30). The most useful recent works on Paulinus are P. Fabre, Essai sur la chronologie de l'œuvre de saint Paulin de Nole (Publications de la faculté des lettres de l'université de Strasbourg 109; Paris 1948); idem, Saint Paulin de Nole et l'amitié chrétienne (Bibliothèque des écoles françaises d'Athènes et de Rome 167; Paris 1949); Frend, W. H. C., ‘Paulinus of Nola and the Last Century of the Western Empire,’ Journal of Roman Studies 59 (1969) 1–11; Green, R. P. H., The Poetry of Paulinus of Nola: A Study of His Latinity (Collection Latomus 105; Brussels 1971). The letters have been translated by P. G. Walsh in the Ancient Christian Writers series (35, 36), and a translation of the Carmina, also by Walsh, is due to appear in the same series.Google Scholar
2 Carm. 27.2 and Epp. 19–25 (ed. Schenkl; MGH AA 5.2.132, 179–194).Google Scholar
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4 Ep. 31.7 (CSEL 34.2.7.2–5); Contra Secundinum Man. 11 (ed. Zycha; CSEL 25.923.9–12).Google Scholar
5 In the De gratia Christi 35.38 (edd. Urba and Zycha; CSEL 42.154.8–10) Augustine cites Pelagius’ letter to Innocent I, in which Pelagius mentions his letter to Paulinus and urges Innocent to read it. On Paulinus and the Pelagianist circles, see especially Brown's, P. essays ‘The Patrons of Pelagius: The Roman Aristocracy Between East and West,’ and ‘Pelagius and His Supporters: Aims and Environment’ in his Religion and Society in the Age of St. Augustine (London 1972) 183–226. Brown (p. 211) thinks that Pelagius may have read Augustine's Confessions in Paulinus’ company.Google Scholar
6 Aug., Ep. 186.12.40 (CSEL 57.78.25–79.15) = Paul., Ep. 30.2 (CSEL 29.263.8–22).Google Scholar
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8 Ed. Zycha (CSEL 41.619–660). In this lost letter to Augustine, Paulinus mentioned that he had consoled the mourning mother, a lady named Flora, and informed her that her petition for a burial place for her son Cynegius in the basilica had been granted. The epitaph on Cynegius’ tomb (CIL 10.1350) was greatly damaged in the successive sacks of Nola by the Vandals and Saracens, and later came into the episcopal seminary of Nola. There it was copied by L. Holste (Holstenius, 1596–1661), then published by G. Martini (1742–1815) from Holste's literary legacy, and finally supplemented by G. B. de Rossi. See Aurelius Augustinus: Die Sorge für die Toten, German trans. by Schlachter, G., with intro, and comm. by Arbesmann, R. (Würzburg 1975) 41ff. and note 253.Google Scholar
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45 Dialogi 3, in Dialogi libri IV, ed. U. Moricca (Fonti per la storia d'Italia 57; Rome 1924) 135–139.Google Scholar
46 In 13.9 (PL 135.843–844).Google Scholar
47 Cf. the Martyrologium hieronymianum (AS Nov. II 2.330) with the versified martyrology composed by Wandalbert in the ninth century (ed. Duemmler; MGH PLAC 2.588.358).Google Scholar
48 Text ed. Krusch in MGH SRM 1.557–559.Google Scholar
49 PL 94.789–798. In the afterword to his Historia ecclesiastica Bede names Paulinus as his source (‘de metrico Paulini opere in prosam’; edd. Colgrave and Mynors 568). The Bollandists printed a prose life of St. Felix, written by a presbyter Marcellus and dedicated to the bishop Leo of Nola. Four bishops of this name are attested for Nola between 533 and 929; but the elegant style of the vita is difficult to reconcile with this dating. Despite the Bollandists’ notice ‘ex veteri MS,’ the vita may be a product of the Renaissance; Leo V was bishop of Nola from 1439 to 1469. Text in AS Ian. I 496–498.Google Scholar
50 Text ed. Wattenbach in MGH Scriptt. 7.721.Google Scholar
51 Text ed. Hovingh in CCL 128.125–193; see index there, 273–274.Google Scholar
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54 Text ed. Huemmer in CSEL 10.14–146, with references.Google Scholar
55 Text ed. Brandes in CSEL 16.291–314. The most frequent reminiscence is of Paulinus’ Carm. 10, which he had addressed to Paulinus of Pella's grandfather Ausonius. See also Funaioli, G., ‘De Paulini Pellaei carminis “Eucharisticos” fontibus,’ Musée Belge 9 (1905) 174–175, who identifies 23 reminiscences of Paulinus; Courcelle, P., ‘Un nouveau poème de Paulin de Pella,’ VC 1 (1947) 101–113, and also his Invasions (see n. 44) 293–302.Google Scholar
56 Text in Des Rusticius Helpidius Gedicht De Christi Iesu beneficiis (ed. W. Brandes; Braunschweig 1890), with references.Google Scholar
57 Text ed. Vollmer in MGH AA 14.231–270. The identification is very doubtful; cf. Vollmer's references.Google Scholar
58 Text ed. Strecker in MGH PLAC 4.944–962.Google Scholar
59 Text ibid. 1068–1072.Google Scholar
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64 Etym. 9.2.90, 91 (ed. Lindsay; Oxford 1911), citing Carm. 17.17.250–252.Google Scholar
65 Text in Keil, Grammatici latini V (Leipzig 1868) 571–594. Carm. 17 is cited on 580.20; 582.12; 584.14; 585.20; 589.18; not always in exact agreement with the critical text. Carm. 4.10 (now regarded as unauthentic) is cited on 581.17. The two unidentified citations are ‘erit ut arbor quae propinqua flumini’ (571.17) and ‘zelus discrepat atrox’ (594.7).Google Scholar
66 Text ibid. VII (Leipzig 1880) 227–260.Google Scholar
67 See Manitius, M. in Sb. Akad. Vienna 112 (1886) 620.Google Scholar
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69 Text ed. Traube in MGH PLAC 3.279–294. See also the index, ibid. 785. Micon cited twelve verses as coming from Paulinus; one (‘nec tibi fallacis subrepat imago decoris’ 360) has not been identified.Google Scholar
70 ‘In mentem mihi venit epistolae tuae’; Quaestiones grammaticae selectae ex codice bernensi 83 excerptae, in Analecta Helvetica, ed. Hagen, H. (supplement to Keil, Grammatici latini; Leipzig 1870) 173.3. The critical text of Paulinus lacks ‘mihi’; Ep. 8.3 (CSEL 29. 47.18).Google Scholar
71 Text in PL 105.466–530. The identity of this Dungal is uncertain. He may be either Dungal of St. Denis or, more probably, Dungal of Pavia. The multiplicity of Dungals is conveniently discussed by Mooney, C., ‘Dungal,’ DHGE 14 (1960) 1047–1050.Google Scholar
72 Hartel prints the fragments as Carm. 29. For the identification of the passages cited by Dungal, see CSEL 29.XII and 30.XXXII–XXXIII.Google Scholar
73 Text in PL 106.305–388.Google Scholar
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