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The Career of a Political Bishop: Adam de Orleton (c. 1279–1345)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 February 2009

G. A. Usher
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Extract

Thomas Fuller summarized our subject with brisk and depres-sing confidence:

’This is he so famous in history for cutting off the life of King Edward the Second…he made much bustling in the land, passing through the bishoprics of (Hereford), Worcester and Winchester, and died at last, not much lamented, July 18th, 1345.’

Type
Research Article
Information
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society , Volume 22 , December 1972 , pp. 33 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1972

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References

1 Fuller, T., The Worthies of England, ed. Freeman, J. (London, 1952), p. 221Google Scholar.

2 Godwin, Bishop (De Praesulibus Angliae, ed. Richardson, W., Cambridge, 1743. P. 224)Google Scholar, makes Orleton an Oxford man. He was skilled in both the laws (Rymer, T., Foedera, Rec. Comm. ed., II, i, p. 21)Google Scholar and acted as proctor in an Oxford cause célèbre (Collectanea II, ed. Burrows, M., Oxford Historical Society, 1890, p. 266.Google Scholar)

3 E.g., The Register of Walter Reynolds, ed. Wilson, R. A. (Worcester, 1927), pp. 29, 84, 96, 119Google Scholar; Registrum Henrici Woodlock, ed. Goodman, A. W. (London, 1940), p. 584Google Scholar; Registrum Ricardi de Swinfield, ed. Capes, W. W. (London, 1909), p. 491Google Scholar.

4 Foed., II, i, p. 21.

5 Ibid., II, i, p. 153.

6 Ibid., II, i, p. 138.

7 Public Record Office, Exchequer Accounts, E.101/311/22; E. 101/311/38.

8 Acla Sanctorum: Octobris Tomus Primus, ed. Bolland, (Antwerp, 1765), p. 592Google Scholar; Calendar of Papal Letters, ii, p. 280.

9 Foed., II, i, p. 162.

10 Ibid., II, i, p. 310.

11 Calendar of Chancery Warrants, i, p. 468.

12 Foed., II, i, p. 328.

13 Ibid., II, i, p. 329.

14 Calendar of Papal Letters, ii, p. 150.

15 Calendar of Patent Rolls, 1317–1321, p. 3.

16 Foed., II, i, p. 601.

17 E.g., Registrum Ade de Orleton, episcopi Herefordensis, ed. Bannister, A. T. (Canterbury and York Society, 1908), cited hereinafter as Reg. Hereford., p. 50Google Scholar; Gesta Edwardi de Carnarvon auctore canonico Bridling-toniensi. Chronicles of the Reign of Edward I and II, ed. Stubbs, W. (Rolls Series, 1883), ii, p. 54Google Scholar.

18 Rotuli Parliamentorum, i, p. 453; Calendar of Close Rolls, 1318–23. p. 113. Orleton was only briefly present in parliament. Cf. Reg. Hereford, pp. 78, 81.

19 The Register of Thomas Cobham, ed. Pearce, E. H. (London, 1930), pp. 48, 80Google Scholar.

20 E.g., Reg. Hereford., pp. 78, 112, 130.

21 Parliamentary Writs, II, ii, p. 176.

22 Cal. Pat. R., 1317–21, p. 69.

23 Vila Eduardi Secundi, ed. Denholm-Young, N. (London, 1957), P. 119Google Scholar

24 Cal. Pat. R., 1321–24., p. 53.

25 Ibid., p. 50.

26 Foed., II, i, p. 504.

27 Reg. Hereford., p. 218.

28 Parliamentary Writs, i, p. 245.

29 P.R.O. Ancient Coirespondence, xxxii, Nos. no, 117, 118.

30 Ibid., No. 117.

31 Reg. Hereford., p. xxiv.

32 P.R.O. Ancient Correspondence, xxxii, No. 117.

33 See endorsement, ibid., No. 154, which I dat e 7 Ma y 1323.

34 Stones, E. L. G.: ‘The Date of Roger Mortimer's Escape fromthe Tower of London’, English Historical Review, lxvi (1951), pp. 97–98CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

35 For this whole incident, see Parliamentary Writs, ii, p. 200.

36 Rotuli Parliamentorum, ii, p. 427.

37 Public Record Office, Assize Roll No. 1388.

38 Cf. Parliamentary Writs, ii, p. 200.

39 For the ‘country’ jury, , see Rot. Part., ii, p. 427Google Scholar; for the Westminster jury, ibid., p. 428; for excommunication of Irby, Reg. Hereford., p. 285; warning to Irby's associates, ibid., p. 305; for witnesses cited by Irby, ibid., P. 275.

40 Rot. Parl., ii, p. 427.

41 Harcourt, L. W. Vernon, His Grace the Steward and the Trial of Peers (London, 1907), p. 304 ffGoogle Scholar.

42 Chronicon Galfridi le Baker, ed. Thompson, E. M. (Oxford, 1889). p. 16Google Scholar.

43 See inquisition in Annales Paulini, Stubbs, W.: Chronicles…of Edward I and II, op. cit., p. 306 ffGoogle Scholar.

44 Foed., II, i, p. 549.

45 Johannis de Trokelowe et Henrici de Blaneforde, Chronica et Annales, ed. Riley, H. T. (Rolls Series, 1866), p. 142Google Scholar.

46 Calendar of Fine Rolls, iii, p. 262.

47 Ibid., p. 269. The mandate was addressed to John de Towcester, who subsequently stole the episcopal register. Infra, n. 54.

48 Foed., II, i, p. 614.

49 Cal. Fine R., iii, p. 314.

50 Cal. Pap. Letters, ii, p. 280.

51 Blaneforde, loc. cit., p. 140.

52 Reg. Hereford., p. 288.

53 Ibid., p. 292.

54 Supra, n. 47. The king's agent was absolved by th e bishop in April, 1325 (Reg. Hereford., p. 323). The register was still missing in August, 1348 (Registrum Johannes de Trillek, ed. Parry, J. H., Canterbury and York Soc, 1913)Google Scholar but was being cited by November, 1349 (ibid., p. 325).

55 Chronicon Henrici de Knighton, apud Historiae Anglicanae Scriptores X, ed. Twysden, R. (London, 1652), col. 2548Google Scholar.

56 British Museum MS. Cotton. Vitellius E. iv, 9.

57 Baker, , op. cit., p. 16Google Scholar.

58 This summar y is based upon Clarke, M. V., ‘Committees of Estates and the Deposition of Edward II’, Essays in Honour of James Tait (Manchester, 1938)Google Scholar.

59 Cal. Pat. R., 1327–30, p. 58. It was during Orleton's treasurership that a London mob entered his ‘inn’ and killed Baldock, who ha d been transferred there from Hereford. Ann. Paul., p. 320; Apologia, col. 2763–2768.

60 P.R.O. Exchequer Accounts, E.101/309/37.

61 Foed., II, ii, pp. 698–9.

62 Ann. Paul., p. 338.

63 Cal. Pap. Letters, II, p. 263; MS. register of Adam de Orleton, bishop of Worcester, II, fos. 1–3.

64 Cal. Pap. Letters, II, p. 280.

65 Foed., II, ii, p. 715.

66 Cal. Close R., 1327–30, p. 190.

67 Foed., II, ii, p. 727.

68 P.R.O. Exchequer Accounts, E.101/311/22.

69 Foed., III, p. 689.

70 Cal. Pat. R., 1327–30, p. 507.

71 Cal. Pap. Letters, II, p. 397.

72 Adae Murimuth, Continuatio Chronicarum, ed. Thompson, E. M. (Rolls Series, 1889), p. 70Google Scholar; Chronica Johannis de Reading, ed. Tait, J. (Manchester, 1914), P. 79Google Scholar; Baker, p. 54; Ann. Paul., p. 360.

73 Cal. Pat. R. 1330–34., p. 21.

74 Cal. Fine R. 1327–37, p. 401.

75 Winchester Cathedral Chartulary, ed. Goodman, A. W. (Winchester, 1927), p. 108Google Scholar.

76 Ibid.

77 Calendar of Chancery Warrants, i. p. 468.

78 Foed., II, i. pp. 531–5.

79 Winchester Chartulary, p. no.

80 Ibid.The appellant appears as ‘Pebrehave’ in Cal. Pap. Letters, ii, p. 409. He was ordained acolyte in 1316 (Reg. Woodlock, op. cit., p. 877).

81 Winchester Chartulary, p. no.

82 Op. cit. See n. 17.

83 Reg. Hereford., intro., p. xlv.

84 Stephani Birchington, Vitae Archiepiscoporum Cantuariensium in Anglia Sacra, ed. Wharton, H., i (London, 1691)Google Scholar. Cited here as Birchington, but see Chronica Johannis de Reading, op. cit., appendix to introduction.

85 MS. Register of Adam de Orleton, bishop of Winchester, fo. 102r.

86 Birchington, p. 39.

87 Lapsley, G.: ‘Archbishop Stratford and the Parliamentary Crisis of 1341’. Crown, Community and Parliament (Oxford, 1951), p.2470Google Scholar

88 Birchington, pp. 29–30.

89 Ibid., p. 40.