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Sodium nitroprusside alters dark voltage and light responses in isolated retinal rods during whole-cell recording

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 June 2009

Karl-Friedrich Schmidt ,
Gottfried N. Nöll  and
Yoshihiko Yamamoto
Karl-Friedrich Schmidt
Affiliation:
Physiologisches Institut der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Aulweg 129, W-6300 Giessen, Germany
Gottfried N. Nöll
Affiliation:
Physiologisches Institut der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Aulweg 129, W-6300 Giessen, Germany
Yoshihiko Yamamoto
Affiliation:
Physiologisches Institut der Justus-Liebig-Universität, Aulweg 129, W-6300 Giessen, Germany
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Abstract

Dark voltage and light responses of isolated retinal rods of Rana esculenta were investigated by employing the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. When the recording pipette was filled with a medium devoid of nucleotides, a spontaneous hyperpolarization of the dark voltage partly due to a diffusional loss of cGMP and its precursor GTP and a retardation in the recovery of the light responses was observed. The larger part of the retardation of the light responses was prevented by 1 mM ATP. Addition of GTP attenuated the hyperpolarization, but did not abolish it completely. When the nitric-oxide-releasing substance sodium nitroprusside plus GTP was applied, the tendency of hyperpolarization disappeared and a stable dark voltage or even a slight depolarization was measured during the whole-cell recording period. Similar results were also obtained when GTP was given in combination with either EGTA or IBMX which are both known to interfere with the cGMP regulating enzymes in retinal rods. In addition to its effects on the dark voltage, an acceleration of the recovery phase of the light responses by sodium nitroprusside was also observed. Our observations strongly suggest that sodium nitroprusside activates guanylate cyclase in photoreceptors, as it does in other tissues, but we cannot exclude with certainty an effect on the phosphodiesterase.

Keywords

PhotoreceptorNitric oxidePatch clampGuanylate cyclaseIBMXFrog
Type
Short Communications
Information
Visual Neuroscience , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , August 1992 , pp. 205 - 209
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1992

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