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Effect of environmental, seed burial depth, and straw mulch on germination and seedling emergence in Cichorium glandulosum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 January 2024

Rouhollah Amini Open the ORCID record for Rouhollah Amini [Opens in a new window] ,
Alireza Hasanfard Open the ORCID record for Alireza Hasanfard [Opens in a new window] ,
Nasrin Ahmadian  and
Farzaneh Zarei Yuzband
Rouhollah Amini*
Affiliation:
Professor in Weed Science, Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Alireza Hasanfard
Affiliation:
Research Scholar, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Nasrin Ahmadian
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
Farzaneh Zarei Yuzband
Affiliation:
Graduate Student, Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
*
Corresponding author: Rouhollah Amini; Email: r_amini@tabrizu.ac.ir
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Abstract

Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet is a species that has recently spread widely in the autumn crops of northwestern Iran. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of environmental factors on the germination, emergence, and management of two populations of C. glandulosum. The effects of temperature, photoperiod, NaCl concentration, osmotic potential, seed burial depth, and straw mulch on seed germination and seedling emergence were evaluated for two populations of C. glandulosum from Tabriz and Marand, Iran. The highest germination percentage was observed in the Tabriz (93%) and Marand populations (94%) at 20/10 C (day/night). In both populations, germination was 82% to 93% across a wide range of light/dark periods (8 to 24 h of light). However, germination was significantly reduced (∼70%) under continuous darkness. The osmotic potential required to inhibit 50% of germination was 0.68 MPa for the Tabriz population and 0.62 MPa for the Marand population. The concentration of NaCl required to inhibit 50% of germination was 4.76 dS m−1 for the Tabriz population and 3.81 dS m−1 for the Marand population. The seed burial depths that caused a 50% decrease in emergence for the Tabriz and Marand populations were 1.86 cm and 2.22 cm, respectively. In the Tabriz and Marand populations, the application of 6000 kg ha−1 of straw mulch resulted in a decrease in C. glandulosum emergence to 3% and 10%, respectively. This study’s results inform the conditions required for C. glandulosum germination and establish a theoretical and practical foundation for predicting, preventing, and managing this species using scientific principles.

Keywords

Burial depthosmotic potentialphotoperiodstraw mulchtemperature
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 72 , Issue 2 , March 2024 , pp. 164 - 171
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Weed Science Society of America

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: William Vencill, University of Georgia

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