Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-fmk2r Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-12T09:19:14.322Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Herbicides on in vitro Growth of Mycorrhizae of Pine (Pinus spp.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

W. D. Kelley  and
D. B. South
W. D. Kelley
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., Plant Pathol, and Microbiol, and Dep. For., Agric. Exp. Stn. Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36830
D. B. South
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., Plant Pathol, and Microbiol, and Dep. For., Agric. Exp. Stn. Auburn Univ., Auburn, AL 36830
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Effects of various herbicides on growth of ectotropic mycorrhizal fungi were determined over a 3-week period on modified Melin-Norcrans agar amended with the herbicides at rates of 0, 1, 3, 5, 10, 40, 80, 100, and 500 μg active ingredients/ml. Considerable variation in effect was observed among the herbicides for certain fungi and among the fungi for certain herbicides. All of the test fungi grew in the presence of each of the test herbicides at a rate of 80 μg/ml, and some growth was observed at the 500 μdg/ml rate in a majority of the herbicide-fungus combinations. Significant decreases (P = 0.05) in growth were observed for specific herbicide-fungus combinations at herbicide rates of 1 and 3 μg/ml; however, 50% or greater decreases in fungal colony areas were observed in only 12 of 112 of the combinations at such low rates. The herbicides, in decreasing order of activity against the fungi, were: diphenylethers > dinitroanilines > s-triazines > substituted amides > perfluidone [1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-methyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl] methanesulfonamide]. With few exceptions, the herbicide concentrations necessary to affect fungal growth significantly were considerably higher than would be expected to occur in soil treated with the test herbicides at recommended application rates.

Keywords

Pisolithus tinctoriusThelephora terrestrisSuillus luteusS. cothurnatusS. hirtellusLaccaria laccataCenococcum graniforme
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 28 , Issue 5 , September 1980 , pp. 599 - 602
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Hacskaylo, E. and Palmer, J. G. 1957. Effects of several biocides on growth of seedling pines and incidence of mycorrhizae in field plots. Plant Dis. Rep. 41:354–358.Google Scholar
2. Henderson, G. A. and Stone, E. L. 1970. Interactions of phosphorus availability, mycorrhizae, and soil fumigation on coniferous seedlings. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. Proc. 34:314–318.Google Scholar
3. Iloba, C. 1975. Aspect of herbicidal effects on the ectosymbiotic microorganism of the forest plants. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 5:339–343.Google Scholar
4. Iloba, C. 1977. The effect of trifluralin on the formation of ectotrophic mycorrhizae in some pine species. 1. Toxicity to mycorrhizae forming fungi. Eur. J. For. Pathol. 7:47–51.Google Scholar
5. Lyer, J. G. and Wojohn, K. E. 1976. Effect of the fumigant dazomet on the development of mycorrhizae and growth of nursery stock. Plant Soil 45:236–266.Google Scholar
6. Johnson, D. W. and Zak, B. 1977. Effects of soil treatment on fungal populations and ponderosa pine seedlings survival in an Oregon nursery. Plant Dis. Rep. 6:43–47.Google Scholar
7. Kelley, W. D. and Snow, G. A. 1977. Effect of a systemic fungicide for control of fusiform rust on growth and development of mycorrhizal fungi. Proc. Third N. Am. Conf. on Mycorrhizae 1977:14.Google Scholar
8. Kelley, W. D. and Snow, G. A. 1978. Non-target effect of benodanil on mycorrhizal fungi of loblolly pine. Abstr. 3rd Int. Congr. Plant. Pathol., Munich: 196.Google Scholar
9. Kiss, L. 1967. Gyomirto szerek hatasanak vizsgalata mikorrizagombakon laboratoriumi korulmrnyek kozott. (Investigating the effect of herbicides on mycorrhizal fungi under laboratory conditions.). Erdeszeti Kut. 63(1/3):249–258.Google Scholar
10. Laiho, O. and Mikola, P. 1964. Studies on the effect of some eradicants on mycorrhizal development in forest nurseries. Acta For. Fenn. 77(2), 34 pp.Google Scholar
11. Marx, D. H. 1969. The influence of ectotrophic mycorrhizal fungi on the resistance of pine roots to pathogenic infections. I. Antagonism of mycorrhizal fungi to root pathogen fungi and soil bacteria. Phytopathology 59:153–163.Google Scholar
12. Marx, D. H. and Barnett, J. P. 1974. Mycorrhizae and containerized forest tree seedlings, pp. 85–92 in Proc., North Am. Containerized For. Tree Seedling Symp. Great Plains Agric. Council. Publ. No. 68, Denver, Colorado.Google Scholar
13. Smith, J. R. and Ferry, B. W. 1979. The effects of simazine, applied for weed control, on the mycorrhizal development of Pinus seedlings. Ann. Bot. 43:93–99.Google Scholar
14. Trappe, J. M. and Strand, R. F. 1969. Mycorrhizal deficiency in a Douglas-fir region nursery. For. Sci. 15:381–389.Google Scholar
15. Wright, E. 1957. Importance of mycorrhizae to ponderosa pine seedlings. For. Sci. 3:257–280.Google Scholar