Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-7drxs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T16:18:57.475Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effects of Two Diphenylether Herbicides on Common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

S. F. Gorske  and
H. J. Hopen
S. F. Gorske
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
H. J. Hopen
Affiliation:
Dep. Hortic., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Nitrofen (2,4-dichlorophenyl-p-nitrophenyl ether) and oxyfluorfen [2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl) benzene] are 2 diphenylether herbicides which are phytoactive on common purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.). The stomata of common purslane are normally open during the day and closed at night. Nitrofen and oxyfluorfen applications to common purslane leaves cause the stomata to close which is a result of increased membrane permeability. A slight increase (0.6 C) in leaf temperature and a decrease (2 bars) in the apparent water potential was evident after 6 h. Membrane degradation caused some cells to collapse and caused the leaves to appear pitted. Ethylene synthesis was stimulated (0.9 ppmv) causing a loss of plastids from the bundle sheath cells and finally leaf abscission, 8 to 24 h after treatment.

Keywords

Nitrofenoxyfluorfenstomatal apertureplastidsabscission
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 26 , Issue 6 , November 1978 , pp. 585 - 588
Copyright
Copyright © 1978 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. de T. Alvim, P. 1965. A new type of porometer for measuring stomatal opening and its use in irrigation studies. UNESCO Arid Zone Res. 25:325–329.Google Scholar
2. Anonymous. 1970. U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv. Selected weeds of the United States. Agric. Handb. No. 336. 464 pp.Google Scholar
3. Bachelard, E. P. and Ayling, R. D. 1971. The effect of picloram and 2,4-D on plant cell membranes. Weed Res. 11:31–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4. Baur, J. R. and Workman, M. 1964. Relationship between cell permeability and respiration in ripening banana fruit tissue. Plant Physiol. 39:540–543.Google Scholar
5. Boyer, J. S. and Bowen, B. L. 1970. Inhibition of oxygen evolution in chloroplast isolated from leaves with low water potential. Plant Physiol. 45:612–615.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Burg, S. P. 1968. Ethylene, plant senescence and abscission. Plant Physiol. 43:1503–1511.Google ScholarPubMed
7. Connard, M. H. and Zimmerman, P. W. 1931. Origin of adventitious roots in cuttings of Portulaca oleracea . Contrib. Boyce Thompson Inst. Plant Res. 3:337–346.Google Scholar
8. Dalton, C. C. and Street, H. E. 1976. The role of the gas phase in the greening and growth of illuminated cell suspension cultures of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). In Vitro 12:485–494.Google Scholar
9. Estin, E. F. 1969. Movement and fate of p nitrophenyl-α,α,α-trifluoro-2-nitro-p-tolyl ether-1-14C in peanut seedlings. Plant Physiol. 44:1397–1401.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Eastin, E. F. 1971. Fate of fluorodifen in resistant peanut seedlings. Weed Sci. 19:261–265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Gleason, H. W. 1952. The new Britton and Brown illustrated flora of the Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Vol. 2. Lancaster Press, Inc., Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 655 pp.Google Scholar
12. Hawton, D. and Stobbe, E. H. 1971. Selectivity of nitrofen among rape, redroot pigweed, and green foxtail. Weed Sci. 19:42–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Hawton, D. and Stobbe, E. H. 1971. The fate of nitrofen in rape, redroot pigweed, and green foxtail. Weed Sci. 19:555–558.Google Scholar
14. Johansen, D. A. 1940. Plant Microtechniques. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York. 523 pp.Google Scholar
15. Pereira, J. F., Splittstoesser, W. E., and Hopen, H. J. 1971. Mechanism of intraspecific selectivity of cabbage to nitrofen. Weed Sci. 19:647–651.Google Scholar
16. Pereira, J. F., Splittstoesser, W. E., and Hopen, H. J. 1971. Response of plant tissues to nitrofen. Weed Sci. 19:662–666.Google Scholar
17. Puech, A. A., Rebeiz, C. A., and Crane, J. C. 1976. Pigment changes associated with applications of ethephon [(2-chloroethyl) phosphonic acid] to fig (Ficus carica L.) fruits. Plant Physiol. 57:504–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18. Scholander, P. F., Hammel, H. T., Bradstreet, E. D., and Hemmingsen, E. A. 1965. Sap pressure in vascular plants. Science 148:339–346.Google Scholar
19. Scholander, P. F., Hammel, H. T., Hemmingsen, E. A., and Bradstreet, E. D. 1964. Hydrostatic pressure and osmotic potential in leaves of mangroves and some other plants. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., U.S.A. 52:119–125.Google Scholar
20. Sloger, C. 1969. Symbiotic effectiveness and N2 fixation in nodulated soybean. Plant Physiol. 44:1666–1668.Google Scholar
21. Stacewicz-Sapuncakis, M., Marsh, H. V. Jr., Vengris, J., Jennings, P. H., and Robinson, T. 1973. Participation of ethylene in common purslane response to dicamba. Plant Physiol. 52:466–471, 471.Google Scholar
22. Stacewicz-Sapuncakis, M., Vengris, J., Marsh, H. V., Jennings, P. H., and Robinson, T. 1973. Response of common purslane to dicamba. Weed Sci. 21:385–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23. Vengris, J. and Stacewicz-Sapuncakis, M. 1971. Common purslane competition in table beets and snap beans. Weed Sci. 19:4–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24. Von Abrams, G. J. and Pratt, H. K. 1967. Effects of ethylene on the permeability of excised cantaloupe fruit tissue. Plant Physiol. 42:299–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25. Walter, J. P., Eastin, E. F., and Merkle, M. G. 1970. The persistence and movement of fluorodifen in soils and plants. Weed Res. 10:165–171.Google Scholar
26. Yih, R. Y. 1975. New potent diphenyl ether herbicides. J. Agric. Food Chem. 23:592–593.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed