Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-m9pkr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-12T14:25:15.316Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of Alternaria cassiae for the Biocontrol of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

H. Lynn Walker  and
Joe A. Riley
H. Lynn Walker
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Stoneville, MS 38776
Joe A. Riley
Affiliation:
South. Weed Sci. Lab., U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Stoneville, MS 38776
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A method is described to produce inoculum of Alternaria cassiae Jurair and Khan for biocontrol studies. Approximately 8 g of a conidial preparation containing 1 × 108 conidia/g were produced per liter of growth medium. In greenhouse studies the effectiveness of A. cassiae as a biocontrol agent for sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia L.) was affected by dew-period temperature, dew-period duration, inoculum concentration, and the stage of growth of sicklepod seedlings at the time of inoculation. Optimum environmental conditions included at least 8 h of free moisture at 20 to 30C. Spray mixtures containing approximately 5 × 104 or more conidia/ml gave maximum control when sicklepod seedlings were sprayed to runoff. Sicklepod seedlings in the cotyledon to first-leaf stage were most susceptible to the pathogen.

Keywords

Biological weed controlinoculum productionmycoherbicideplant pathogen
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 30 , Issue 6 , November 1982 , pp. 651 - 654
Copyright
Copyright © 1982 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Buchanan, G. A., Crowley, R. H., Street, J. E., and McGuire, J. A. 1980. Competition of sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) with cotton (Gossypium hirsutum . Weed Sci. 28:258–262.Google Scholar
2. Crowley, R. H., Teem, D. H., Buchanan, G. A., and Hoveland, C. S. 1979. Responses of Ipomoea spp. and Cassia spp. to preemergence applied herbicides. Weed Sci. 27:531–535.Google Scholar
3. Daniel, J. T., Templeton, G. E., Smith, R. J. Jr., and Fox, W. T. 1973. Biological control of northern jointvetch in rice with an endemic fungal disease. Weed Sci. 21:303–307.Google Scholar
4. French, M. D. 1980. Pernicious weeds in cotton-sicklepod. Proc. Beltwide Cotton Prod. Res. Conf., pp. 184–185.Google Scholar
5. Gossett, B. J. 1981. Sicklepod – How to control it in soybeans. Weeds Today 12(2):29–30.Google Scholar
6. McWhorter, C. G. and Patterson, D. T. 1980. Ecological factors affecting weed competition in soybeans. Pages 371–392 in Corbin, F. T., ed. World Soybean Res. Conf. II. Proc. Westview Press, Boulder, CO.Google Scholar
7. Miller, P. M. 1955. V-8 juice agar as a general-purpose medium for fungi and bacteria. Phytopathology 45:461–462.Google Scholar
8. Simmons, E. G. 1982. Alternaria themes and variations (7–10.). Mycotaxon 14:17–43.Google Scholar
9. Teem, D. H., Hoveland, C. S., and Buchanan, G. A. 1980. Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia) and coffee senna (Cassia occidentalis): Geographic distribution, germination, and emergence. Weed Sci. 28:68–71.Google Scholar
10. Templeton, G. E., Smith, R. J. Jr., and Klomparens, W. 1980. Commercialization of fungi and bacteria for biological control. Biocontrol News and Inf. 1:291–294.Google Scholar
11. Templeton, G. E., TeBeest, D. O., and Smith, R. J. Jr. 1976. Development of an endemic fungal pathogen as a mycoherbicide for biocontrol of northern jointvetch in rice. Pages 214–220 in Freeman, T. E., ed. Proc. IV Int. Symp. Biol. Control of Weeds. Univ. of Florida, Gainesville.Google Scholar
12. Templeton, G. E., TeBeest, D. O., and Smith, R. J. Jr. 1979. Biological weed control with mycoherbicides. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 17:301–310.Google Scholar
13. Tervet, I. W. and Cherry, E. 1950. A simple device for collection of fungus spores. Plant Dis. Rep. 34:238.Google Scholar
14. Walker, H. L. 1982. A seedling blight of sicklepod caused by Alternaria cassiae . Plant Dis. 66:426–428.Google Scholar