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A Glyphosate-Resistant Biotype of Annual Bluegrass in Tennessee

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

James T. Brosnan ,
Gregory K. Breeden  and
Thomas C. Mueller
James T. Brosnan*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 252 Ellington Plant Sciences Bldg., 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996
Gregory K. Breeden
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 252 Ellington Plant Sciences Bldg., 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996
Thomas C. Mueller
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, 252 Ellington Plant Sciences Bldg., 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN 37996
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: jbrosnan@utk.edu
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Abstract

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Glyphosate is regularly used to control annual bluegrass populations in dormant bermudagrass turf. A population of annual bluegrass not controlled by glyphosate at 840 g ha−1 (glyphosate resistant, GR) was identified on a golf course in Humboldt, TN in 2010. Mature tillers of GR plants were established in a greenhouse and treated with glyphosate at 0, 210, 420, 840, 1,680, 3,360, and 6,720 g ha−1. Mature tillers of a biotype known to be susceptible to glyphosate (SS) were also established in the greenhouse and subjected to the same treatments. At 14 d after treatment (DAT), glyphosate controlled the SS biotype > 95% at rates > 420 g ha−1. Comparatively, the GR biotype was only controlled 76% with glyphosate at 6,720 g ha−1. The rates required to provide 50% control (I50 values) for SS and GR biotypes were 236 and 2,812 g ha−1 respectively, resulting in a resistance factor of 12. Photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) values on SS plants treated with glyphosate at > 210 g ha−1 measured 0.000 at 14 DAT, whereas Fv/Fm values on GR plants were not significantly different from the untreated control with glyphosate rates ≤ 840 g ha−1 on the same date. In laboratory experiments, the SS biotype accumulated greater shikimate concentrations than the GR biotype 3 to 6 DAT. Future research should evaluate strategies for managing GR and SS annual bluegrass with alternative modes of action.

Keywords

Annual bluegrass, Poa annua Lbermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon L. Persglyphosatephotochemical efficiencybermudagrassdormantherbicide resistancegolf courseturfweed control
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 60 , Issue 1 , March 2012 , pp. 97 - 100
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits noncommercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is unaltered and is properly cited.
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America

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