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Growth and Water Relations of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Spurred Anoda (Anoda cristata), and Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) During Simulated Drought and Recovery

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David T. Patterson
David T. Patterson*
Affiliation:
Dep. Bot., Duke Univ., Durham, NC 27706
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Abstract

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. ‘Coker 315’), spurred anoda [Anoda cristata (L.) Schlecht. # ANVCR], and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medik. # ABUTH) were grown in controlled-environment chambers at 29/23 C day/night temperature and 1000 μE·m–2·s–1 photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Groups of plants were subjected to water stress by withholding water for 8 days, beginning at 27 days after planting. Cotton reached a lower leaf water potential than spurred anoda and velvetleaf following 8 days of withholding water. Following the drought, plants were rewatered for a 6-day recovery period. Water stress reduced plant height, leaf number, leaf area, total dry weight, stomatal conductance, transpiration, net assimilation rate, and leaf area duration in all species, in comparison with well-watered controls. Water stress decreased partitioning of plant biomass into leaves and increased partitioning into roots. Following rewatering, stomatal conductance and transpiration rates of previously stressed plants recovered to control levels within 28 h. Net assimilation rates of previously stressed spurred anoda also recovered to control levels. After 6 days of recovery, total dry weights and leaf areas of previously stressed plants of all three species remained below those of control plants. The overall effect of the drought and water stress was to delay the time at which spurred anoda and velvetleaf equaled or surpassed cotton in dry weight and leaf area, suggesting that drought early in the growing season under field conditions might increase the competitiveness of cotton relative to the two weeds.

Keywords

Water stressgrowth analysiscompetitionABUTHANVCR
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 36 , Issue 3 , May 1988 , pp. 318 - 324
Copyright
Copyright © 1988 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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