Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-m42fx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-17T14:55:50.593Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Halosulfuron Reduced Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Tuber Production and Viability

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Theodore M. Webster  and
Timothy L. Grey
Theodore M. Webster*
Affiliation:
Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 748, Tifton, GA 31793-0748
Timothy L. Grey
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31794
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: ted.webster@ars.usda.gov
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Weeds persist and cause economic losses in agricultural systems because they exploit underused portions of that system. Reducing the effect of weeds on agroecosystems begins with minimizing the number of propagules (e.g., seeds and tubers) that are produced and returned to the soil. Purple nutsedge is a problematic weed around the globe, persisting between growing seasons as tubers in the soil. Halosulfuron is an effective herbicide for controlling purple nutsedge foliage and is used in corn and several vegetable crops. Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of various rates of halosulfuron on purple nutsedge tuber production. Single, presprouted purple nutsedge tubers were transplanted into outdoor microplots and treated after 6 wk of growth with six rates of halosulfuron (7 to 208 g ai ha−1) POST with a nontreated control (NTC). All shoots that had emerged at the time of application were marked with plastic rings; this allowed for classification of tubers at exhumation of (1) tubers attached to shoots that had emerged by the time of application, (2) tubers attached to shoots that emerged after application, and (3) tubers without an aerial shoot during the study. Seven weeks after application, the tubers in the microplots were exhumed and tubers were classified, quantified, and their ability to sprout was evaluated. In the NTC, there were 530 total tubers, with a log-logistic regression model describing the tuber population with increasing halosulfuron rate. The rate of halosulfuron that reduced total tuber population 50% (I50) was 8 g ha−1. In the NTC, 200 tubers were attached to shoots that emerged following halosulfuron application, and this class of tubers had an I50 of 19 g ha−1. Viability of tubers with shoots that emerged following halosulfuron application was 28% at the 52 g ha−1 halosulfuron, suggesting the action of the herbicide may have rendered the tuber nonviable after new shoots were produced. The final classification of tubers was those that did not have an aerial shoot during the study. These were tubers in which apical dominance suppressed shoot development or were likely the most-recent tubers to develop. Of the three classes, the tubers without shoots were the most numerous in the NTC, with 294 tubers and an I50 of 1 g ha−1. Halosulfuron is an effective herbicide that not only controls purple nutsedge foliage but also reduces the number of new tubers produced and overall tuber viability. This could be an important component to reduce the long-term population density of the weed.

Keywords

Halosulfuronpurple nutsedge, Cyperus rotundus L. CYPROcorn, Zea mays L. ZEAMX.Methyl bromide alternativeperennial weed managementvegetables
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 62 , Issue 4 , December 2014 , pp. 637 - 646
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Askew, SD, Wilcut, JW (2001) Tropic croton interference in cotton. Weed Sci. 49:184–189 Google Scholar
Brandenberger, LP, Talbert, RE, Wiedenfeld, RP, Shrefler, JW, Webber, CL, Malik, MS (2005) Effects of halosulfuron on weed control in commercial honeydew crops. Weed Technol. 19:346–350 Google Scholar
Chase, CA, Sinclair, TR, Shilling, DG, Gilreath, JP, Locascio, SJ (1998) Light effects on rhizome morphogenesis in nutsedges (Cyperus spp): implications for control by soil solarization. Weed Sci. 46:575–580 Google Scholar
Csinos, AS, Webster, TM, Sumner, DR, Johnson, AW, Dowler, CC, Seebold, KW (2002) Application and crop safety parameters for soil fumigants. Crop Prot. 21:973–982 Google Scholar
Culpepper, AS (2013) Commercial vegetable weed control. Pages 782–838 in Horton, D, ed. Georgia Pest Management Handbook. Commercial Edition. Athens, GA University of Georgia, Cooperative Extension Service Special Bulletin 28Google Scholar
Dittmar, PJ, Monks, DW, Schultheis, JR, Jennings, KM (2008) Effects of postemergence and postemergence-directed halosulfuron on triploid watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Weed Technol. 22:467–471 Google Scholar
Earl, HJ, Ferrell, JA, Vencill, WK, van Iersel, MW, Czarnota, MA (2004) Effects of three herbicides on whole-plant carbon fixation and water use by yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus). Weed Sci. 52:213–216 Google Scholar
Felix, J, Newberry, G (2012) Yellow nutsedge control and reduced tuber production with s-metolachlor, halosulfuron plus dicamba, and glyphosate in furrow-irrigated corn. Weed Technol. 26:213–219 Google Scholar
Gallandt, ER (2006) How can we target the weed seedbank? Weed Sci. 54:588–596 Google Scholar
Glantz, SA, Slinker, BK (2001) Primer of Applied Regression and Analysis of Variance. 2nd edn. New York McGraw-Hill. Pp 25–28 Google Scholar
Grichar, WJ, Besler, BA, Brewer, KD (2003) Purple nutsedge control and potato (Solanum tuberosum) tolerance to sulfentrazone and halosulfuron. Weed Technol. 17:485–490 Google Scholar
Hammerton, JL (1974) Experiments with Cyperus rotundus L, I: growth and development and effects of 2,4-D and paraquat. Weed Res. 14:365–369 Google Scholar
Holm, LG, Plucknett, DL, Pancho, JV, Herberger, JP (1977) The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. Honolulu University Press of Hawaii. 609 pGoogle Scholar
Jasieniuk, M, Maxwell, BD, Anderson, RL, Evans, JO, Lyon, DJ, Miller, SD, Morishita, DW, Ogg, AG, Seefeldt, S, Stahlman, PT, Northam, FE, Westra, P, Kebede, Z, Wicks, GA (1999) Site-to-site and year-to-year variation in Triticum aestivum-Aegilops cylindrica interference relationships. Weed Sci. 47:529–537 Google Scholar
Johnson, WC III, Mullinix, BG (2002) Weed management in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) and cantaloupe (Cucumis melo) transplanted on polyethylene-covered seedbeds. Weed Technol. 16:860–866 Google Scholar
Johnson, WC III, Mullinix, BG (2005) Effect of herbicide application method on weed management and crop injury in transplanted cantaloupe production. Weed Technol. 19:108–112 Google Scholar
Keeley, PE, Thullen, RJ (1983) Influence of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus)—free periods on yield of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Sci. 31:803–807 Google Scholar
MacRae, AW, Culpepper, AS, Batts, RB, Lewis, KL (2008) Seeded watermelon and weed response to halosulfuron applied preemergence and postemergence. Weed Technol. 22:86–90 Google Scholar
MacRae, AW, Monks, DW, Batts, RB, Thorton, AC, Schultheis, JR (2007) Sweetpotato tolerance to halosulfuron applied postemergence. Weed Technol. 21:993–996 Google Scholar
Mercado, BL (1979) Monograph on Cyperus rotundus L. Biotrop Bull. 15:1–63 Google Scholar
Molin, WT, Maricic, AA, Khan, RA, Mancino, CF (1999) Effect of MON 12037 on the growth and tuber viability of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus). Weed Technol. 13:1–5 Google Scholar
Mortensen, DA, Bastiaans, L, Sattin, M (2000) The role of ecology in the development of weed management systems: an outlook. Weed Res. 40:49–62 Google Scholar
Motulsky, H, Christopoulos, A (2004) Fitting models to biological data using linear and nonlinear regression: a practical guide to curve fitting. Oxford, U.K. Oxford University Press. 351 pGoogle Scholar
Neeser, C, Aguero, R, Swanton, CJ (1997) Survival and dormancy of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tubers. Weed Sci. 45:784–790 Google Scholar
Nelson, KA, Renner, KA (2002) Yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) control and tuber production with glyphosate and ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Weed Technol. 16:512–519 Google Scholar
Noling, JW, Buchanon, S, Schumann, AW (2009) Impacts of EPA proposed buffer zone restrictions for use of soil fumigants on Florida strawberry acreage and production. Acta Hortic. 824:351–360 Google Scholar
Patterson, DT (1998) Suppression of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) with polyethylene film mulch. Weed Technol. 12:275–280 Google Scholar
Ragsdale, NN, Wheeler, WB (1995) Methyl bromide: risks, benefits, and current status in pest control. Rev Pestic Toxicol. 3:21–44 Google Scholar
Rao, JS (1968) Studies on the development of tubers in nutgrass and their starch content at different depths of soil. Madras Agric J. 55:18–23 Google Scholar
Ritz, C, Pipper, CB, Streibig, JC (2013) Analysis of germination data from agricultural experiments. Eur J Agron. 45:1–6 Google Scholar
Schneider, SM, Rosskopf, EN, Leesch, JG, Chellemi, DO, Bull, CT, Mazzola, M (2003) United States Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service research on alternatives to methyl bromide: pre-plant and post-harvest. Pest Manag Sci. 59:814–826 Google Scholar
Seefeldt, SS, Jensen, JE, Fuerst, EP (1995) Log-logistic analysis of herbicide dose-response relationships. Weed Technol. 9:218–227 Google Scholar
Senseman, SA (2007) Herbicide Handbook. 9th ed. edn. Lawrence, KS Weed Science Society of America. 458 pGoogle Scholar
Siriwardana, G, Nishimoto, RK (1987) Propagules of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) in soil. Weed Technol. 1:217–220 Google Scholar
Smith, EV, Fick, GL (1937) Nutgrass eradication studies I. Relation of the life history of nutgrass, Cyperus rotundus L., to possible methods of control. Agron J. 29:1007–1013 Google Scholar
Stoller, EW, Bhan, VM, Nema, DP (1972) Yellow nutsedge tuber germination and seedling development. Weed Sci. 20:93–97 Google Scholar
Thullen, RJ, Keeley, PE (1975) Yellow nutsedge sprouting and respouting potential. Weed Sci. 23:333–337 Google Scholar
Vencill, WK, Richburg, JS, Wilcut, JW, Hawf, LR (1995) Effect of Mon-12037 on purple (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow (Cyperus esculentus) nutsedge. Weed Technol. 9:148–152 Google Scholar
Wallace, RD, Grey, TL, Webster, TM, Vencill, WK (2013) Increased purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) tuber sprouting with diurnally fluctuating temperatures. Weed Sci. 61:126–130 Google Scholar
Webster, TM (2005a) Mulch type affects growth and tuber production of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus). Weed Sci. 53:834–838 Google Scholar
Webster, TM (2005b) Patch expansion of purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) with and without polyethylene mulch. Weed Sci. 53:839–845 Google Scholar
Webster, TM (2010) Weed survey—southern states: vegetable, fruit and nut crops subsection. Proc South Weed Sci Soc. 63:246–257 Google Scholar
Webster, TM, Csinos, AS, Johnson, AW, Dowler, CC, Sumner, DR, Fery, RL (2001) Methyl bromide alternatives in a bell pepper-squash rotation. Crop Prot. 20:605–614 Google Scholar
Webster, TM, Culpepper, AS (2005) Halosulfuron has a variable effect on cucurbit growth and yield. Hortscience. 40:707–710 Google Scholar
Webster, TM, Grey, TL, Davis, JW, Culpepper, AS (2008) Glyphosate hinders purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) tuber production. Weed Sci. 56:735–742 Google Scholar