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Interference of Hemp Sesbania (Sesbania exaltata) with Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Charles T. Bryson
Charles T. Bryson*
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., Agric. Res. Serv., Southern Weed Sci. Lab., Stoneville, MS 38776
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Abstract

Full-season interference effects of hemp sesbania [Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Cory. # SEBEX] on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. 'Stoneville 213′) were investigated on a fine sandy loam soil for 3 yr at Stoneville, MS. Experimentally induced hemp sesbania populations of ≥ 3223 plants/ha significantly reduced cotton yields. Interference of hemp sesbania at 3223, 6456, 16 114, and 32 228 plants/ha, equivalent to 1, 2, 5, and 10 plants/3.3 m, reduced seed cotton yields by 19, 25, 45, and 53%, respectively. Cotton boll weights were reduced by 9% when hemp sesbania infestations were ≥ 16 114 plants/ha. Cotton plant density, seedling vigor, and initial cotton white blooms/ha at ≤75 days after planting (DAP) did not differ with varying densities of hemp sesbania. Cotton white blooms/ha were reduced by 32 228 hemp sesbania plants/ha by 77 DAP and by all weed densities by 98 DAP. Hemp sesbania height was equal to or greater than cotton height by 55 to 65 DAP. Light penetration at 1 m above the top of the cotton canopy was 36% less than in weed-free plots when hemp sesbania densities were ≤6446 plants/ha. Likewise, light penetration was reduced at the cotton canopy top and at midcanopy but was not less at the soil surface unless hemp sesbania densities were ≤ 32 223 plants/ha.

Keywords

CompetitionGossypium hirsutumSEBEX
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 35 , Issue 3 , May 1987 , pp. 314 - 318
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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