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2,4-D–Resistant Buckhorn Plantain (Plantago lanceolata) in Managed Turf

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 February 2018

Aaron J. Patton ,
Daniel V. Weisenberger  and
Geoff P. Schortgen
Aaron J. Patton*
Affiliation:
Professor, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Daniel V. Weisenberger
Affiliation:
Retired Research Agronomist, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Geoff P. Schortgen
Affiliation:
Research Technician, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
*
Author for correspondence: A.J. Patton, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907. (E-mail: ajpatton@purdue.edu)
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Abstract

A population of buckhorn plantain with suspected resistance to 2,4-D was identified in central Indiana following 30 yr of 2,4-D–containing herbicide applications. Our objectives were to (1) confirm and quantify the level of herbicide resistance in the buckhorn plantain population using dose–response experiments and (2) find alternative herbicides that could be used to control this population. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to quantify the dose–response of resistant (R) and susceptible (S) biotypes of buckhorn plantain to both 2,4-D and triclopyr, two synthetic auxin herbicides from different chemical families. The R biotype was ≥6.2 times less sensitive to 2,4-D than the S biotype. The efficacy of triclopyr was similar on both the R and S biotypes of buckhorn plantain, suggesting the absence of cross-resistance to this herbicide. This is the first report of 2,4-D resistance in buckhorn plantain and the first report of 2,4-D resistance in turf. The resistance mechanism was limited to within a chemical family (phenoxycarboxylic acid) and did not occur across all WSSA Group 4 synthetic auxin herbicides, as the pyridinecarboxylic acid herbicides clopyralid and triclopyr and the arylpicolinate herbicide halauxifen-methyl provided control in our experiments.

Keywords

Patrick E. McCullough, University of Georgia2,4-Dclopyralidhalauxifen-methyltriclopyrbuckhorn plantain, Plantago lanceolata L. PLALAPhenoxyphenoxycarboxylic acidspicolinicpyridineresistancesynthetic auxin
Type
Weed Management-Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 32 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 182 - 189
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2018 

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