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Comparison of Herbicide Programs for Weed Control in Glyphosate-Resistant Alfalfa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bryan L. Dillehay  and
William S. Curran
Bryan L. Dillehay
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
William S. Curran*
Affiliation:
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: wcurran@psu.edu.
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Abstract

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effectiveness and crop safety of glyphosate vs. alternative herbicides for weed control in glyphosate-resistant alfalfa. Glyphosate-resistant alfalfa was established at two sites in Pennsylvania in 2004 and in 2005, and herbicides were applied either PRE or POST for weed control. Data were collected on herbicide performance, alfalfa and weed yield, and forage quality. Alfalfa forage response to weed control was variable and depended on weed severity. A single or split application of glyphosate provided similar or better weed control than conventionally based herbicide programs. The most differences from weed control occurred during the first harvest and dissipated in subsequent harvests. Cumulative alfalfa yield for the establishment year of the spring seeding was 26% lower in the untreated check relative to the mean of the herbicide-treated plots in 2004; but no differences were detected in 2005. Forage quality was highest where weed content of the forage was lowest. Effective management of weeds with herbicides during alfalfa establishment can improve forage yield and quality, and weed control is particularly important when summer annual weed populations are severe and emerge with the crop.

El objetivo de este experimento, fue determinar la efectividad y seguridad del uso de glifosato vs. herbicidas alternativos para el control de maleza en alfalfa resistente a glifosato. En dos sitios de Pennsylvania, en 2004 y 2005 se estableció alfalfa resistente a glifosato aplicándose herbicidas pre-emergentes y post-emergentes para el control de la maleza. Se recopiló información sobre el comportamiento del herbicida, los rendimientos de maleza y alfalfa, y la calidad del forraje. El rendimiento de la alfalfa al control de maleza fue variable y dependió de la severidad de la infestación. Una sola aplicación glifosato o dividida, proporcionaron controles de maleza similares o mejores que aquellas basadas en aplicaciones convencionales en programas de herbicidas. La mayoría de las diferencias atribuidas al control de maleza, acontecieron durante la primer cosecha y estas se disiparon en los subsecuentes cortes. El rendimiento acumulado de alfalfa establecida en primavera del primer año, fue 26% menor en el control no tratado, con relación al promedio de las parcelas tratadas con herbicidas en 2004; sin embargo, en 2005 no se encontraron diferencias. La calidad del forraje fue más alta donde el contenido de maleza en el forraje fue más bajo. El manejo efectivo de la maleza con herbicidas durante el establecimiento de la alfalfa, puede mejorar el rendimiento y la calidad del forraje; por otra parte, el control de maleza es particularmente importante cuando las poblaciones de maleza anual de verano son severas y emergen al mismo tiempo que el cultivo.

Keywords

GlyphosatealfalfaMedicago sativa L. MEDSAForage quality
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 24 , Issue 2 , June 2010 , pp. 130 - 138
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: Monsanto Company, Centre Hall, PA 16828.

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