Hostname: page-component-7bb8b95d7b-dtkg6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-09-12T21:20:11.776Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Live and Killed Hairy Vetch Cover Crop Effects on Weeds and Yield in Glyphosate-Resistant Corn

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Krishna N. Reddy  and
Clifford H. Koger
Krishna N. Reddy*
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
Clifford H. Koger
Affiliation:
Southern Weed Science Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, P.O. Box 350, Stoneville, MS 38776
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: kreddy@ars.usda.gov
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A 2-yr field study was conducted from 2002 to 2003 on a Dundee silt loam soil at the Southern Weed Science Research Unit Farm, Stoneville, MS (33°26′N latitude), to examine the effects of hairy vetch cover crop (hairy vetch killed at corn planting [HV-K], hairy vetch killed in a 38-cm-wide band centered over the crop row at corn planting [HV-B], hairy vetch left alive [HV-L], and no hairy vetch [NHV]) and glyphosate postemergence (broadcast, banded, and no herbicide) application on weed control and yield in glyphosate-resistant corn. Two applications of glyphosate at 0.84 kg ae/ha were applied 3 and 5 wk after planting (WAP) corn. Hairy vetch dry biomass was higher in HV-L (4,420 kg/ha) and HV-B (4,180 kg/ha) than in HV-K (1,960 kg/ha) plots at 7 WAP. Hairy vetch reduced densities of pitted morningglory, prickly sida, and yellow nutsedge in HV-B and HV-L compared with NHV plots, but hairy vetch had no effect on densities of barnyardgrass, johnsongrass, and large crabgrass at 7 WAP regardless of desiccation. Total weed dry biomass at 7 WAP was lower in HV-B and HV-L than in HV-K and NHV plots. Corn yield was higher in HV-K (10,280 kg/ha) than in HV-B (9,440 kg/ha) and HV-L (9,100 kg/ha), and yields were similar between HV-K and NHV (9,960 kg/ha). Glyphosate applied broadcast resulted in the highest corn yield (11,300 kg/ha) compared with a banded application (10,160 kg/ha). These findings indicate that hairy vetch cover crop has the potential for reducing the density of certain weed species in glyphosate-resistant corn production systems; however, optimum weed control and higher yield were obtained when glyphosate was used.

Keywords

Glyphosatebarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCGhairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth # VICVIjohnsongrass, Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. # SORHAlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop # DIGSApitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLAprickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSPyellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPEScorn, Zea mays L. ‘AG RX 738RR’, ‘DKC 69-72RR’Cover cropglyphosateintegrated weed managementmulchtransgenic cornweed biomassweed densityHV-B, hairy vetch killed in a 38-cm-wide band centered over the crop row at corn plantingHV-K, hairy vetch killed at corn plantingHV-L, hairy vetch left aliveNHV, no hairy vetchPOST, postemergenceWAP, weeks after planting
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 18 , Issue 3 , September 2004 , pp. 835 - 840
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Anonymous. 2003. Corn Fertilization and Managing Insects Attacking Corn: Web page: http://www.msucares.com/pubs/publications/. Accessed: September 8, 2003.Google Scholar
Clark, A. J., Decker, A. M., Meisinger, J. J., Mulford, F. R., and McIntosh, M. S. 1995. Hairy vetch kill date effects on soil water and corn production. Agron. J 87:579–585.Google Scholar
Curran, W. S., Hoffman, L. D., and Werner, E. L. 1994. The influence of a hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) cover crop on weed control and corn (Zea mays) growth and yield. Weed Technol. 8:777–784.Google Scholar
Decker, A. M., Clark, A. J., Meisinger, J. J., Mulford, F. R., and McIntosh, M. S. 1994. Legume cover crop contributions to no-tillage corn production. Agron. J 86:126–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebelhar, S. A., Frye, W. W., and Blevins, R. L. 1984. Nitrogen from legume cover crops for no-till corn. Agron. J 76:51–55.Google Scholar
Heatherly, L. G. and Elmore, C. D. 1983. Response of soybeans (Glycine max) to planting in untilled, weedy seedbed on clay soil. Weed Sci. 31:93–99.Google Scholar
Hellwig, K. B., Johnson, W. G., and Massey, R. E. 2003. Weed management and economic returns in no-tillage herbicide-resistant corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 17:239–248.Google Scholar
Johnson, W. G., Bradley, P. R., Hart, S. E., Buesinger, M. L., and Massey, R. E. 2000. Efficacy and economics of weed management in glyphosate-resistant corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 14:57–65.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. A., Defelice, M. S., and Helsel, Z. R. 1993. Cover crop management and weed control in corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 7:425–430.Google Scholar
Koger, C. H., Reddy, K. N., and Shaw, D. R. 2002. Effects of rye cover crop residue and herbicides on weed control in narrow and wide row soybean planting systems. Weed Biol. Manag 2:216–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Locke, M. A. and Bryson, C. T. 1997. Herbicide-soil interactions in reduced tillage and plant residue management systems. Weed Sci. 45:307–320.Google Scholar
Locke, M. A., Reddy, K. N., and Zablotowicz, R. M. 2002. Weed management in conservation crop production systems. Weed Biol. Manag 2:123–132.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mallory, E. B., Posner, J. L., and Baldock, J. O. 1998. Performance, economics, and adoption of cover crops in Wisconsin cash grain rotations: on-farm trials. Am. J. Altern. Agric 13:2–11.Google Scholar
Nolte, S. A. and Young, B. G. 2002. Efficacy and economic return on investment for conventional and herbicide-resistant corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 16:371–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reddy, K. N. 2001. Effects of cereal and legume cover crop residues on weeds, yield, and net return in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 15:660–668.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reddy, K. N. 2003. Impact of rye cover crop and herbicides on weeds, yield, and net return in narrow-row transgenic and conventional soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 17:28–35.Google Scholar
Reddy, K. N., Zablotowicz, R. M., Locke, M. A., and Koger, C. H. 2003. Cover crop, tillage, and herbicide effects on weeds, soil properties, microbial populations, and soybean yield. Weed Sci. 51:987–994.Google Scholar
Sainju, U. M. and Singh, B. P. 1997. Winter cover crops for sustainable agricultural systems: influence on soil properties, water quality, and crop yields. Hortscience 32:21–28.Google Scholar
[SAS] Statistical Analysis System. 1998. SAS User's Guide. Version 7.00. Cary, NC: Statistical Analysis Systems Institute, Inc.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. 1996. Contribution of cover crops to weed management in sustainable agricultural systems. J. Prod. Agric 9:475–479.Google Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Daughtry, C. S. T. 1993. Weed suppression by live and desiccated hairy vetch (Vicia villosa). Weed Sci. 41:207–212.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Teasdale, J. R. and Shirley, D. W. 1998. Influence of herbicide application timing on corn production in a hairy vetch cover crop. J. Prod. Agric 11:121–125.Google Scholar
Tharp, B. E. and Kells, J. J. 2002. Residual herbicides used in combination with glyphosate and glufosinate in corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 16:274–281.Google Scholar
Wagger, M. G. 1989. Time of desiccation effects on plant composition and subsequent nitrogen release from several winter annual cover crops. Agron. J 81:236–241.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yenish, J. P., Worsham, A. D., and York, A. C. 1996. Cover crops for herbicide replacement in no-tillage corn (Zea mays). Weed Technol. 10:815–821.Google Scholar