Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-fv566 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-22T09:18:57.880Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ocean Water as a Substitute for Postemergence Herbicides in Tropical Turf

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Greg Wiecko
Greg Wiecko*
Affiliation:
College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Agriculture Experiment Station, University of Guam, Mangilao, GU 96923
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: gwiecko@uog9.uog.edu
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Research was designed to reduce herbicide use by replacing POST herbicides with readily available ocean water to control weeds in turfgrasses. Sensitivity to salt stress was evaluated for large crabgrass, goosegrass, mimosa-vine, alyceclover, and yellow nutsedge, as well as the turfgrasses such as seashore paspalum, bermudagrass, St. Augustinegrass, and centipedegrass. Three different salinity levels, (55, 37, and 19 dS/m) and two salt-stress durations (3 and 6 d) were tested. Mimosa-vine was fully controlled at 55 and 37 dS/m. Alyceclover showed maximum injury at 95% when treated at 55 dS/m for 6 d and 90% when treated for 3 d. Large crabgrass was controlled at 55 dS/m. Goosegrass injury was up to 90% at 55 dS/m, but injured plants recovered to 48% at 30 d. Yellow nutsedge showed a maximum of 38% injury but showed 0% injury at 30 d. Among tested turfgrasses, seashore paspalum showed tolerance to pure ocean water at 55 dS/m, with maximum injury at 18%. At the same level of stress, maximum injury for bermudagrass was 30%, for St. Augustinegrass 60%, and for centipedegrass 100%. Lower levels of salt stress resulted in less injury but were still excessive for St. Augustinegrass and centipedegrass. Ocean water was shown to be an effective method to control mimosa-vine, and large crabgrass in seashore paspalum and bermudagrass turfs.

Keywords

Alyceclover, Alysicarpus vaginalis (L.) DC. #3 ALZVAbermudagrass, Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. # CYNDAcentipedegrass, Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack. # ERLOPgoosegrass, Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. # ELEINlarge crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. # DIGSAmimosa-vine, Mimosa strigillosa Torr. & Gray # MIMSTseashore paspalum, Paspalum vaginatum Swartz. # PASVA ‘Adalayd’St. Augustinegrass, Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Ktze. STPSE ‘Raleigh’yellow nutsedge, Cyperus esculentus L. # CYPESAlternative weed controlsalt stressturfgrass salt tolerancePOST, postemergence
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 17 , Issue 4 , December 2003 , pp. 788 - 791
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Carrow, R. N. and Duncan, R. R. 1998. Salt-Affected Turfgrass Sites: Assessment and Management. Chelsea, MI: Ann Arbor. P. 232.Google Scholar
Couillard, A. A. and Wiecko, G. 1998. A saline solution: seawater as a selective herbicide. Golf Course Manag 66/5:54–57.Google Scholar
Dudeck, A. E. and Peacock, C. H. 1985. Effects of salinity on seashore paspalum turfgrasses. Agron. J. 77:47–50.Google Scholar
Dudeck, A. E., Peacock, C. H., and Wildmon, J. C. 1993. Physiological and growth responses of St-Augustinegrass cultivars to salinity. Hortscience 28:46–48.Google Scholar
Dudeck, A. E., Singh, S., Giordano, C. E., Nell, T. A., and McConnell, D. B. 1983. Effects of sodium chloride on Cynodon turfgrasses. Agron. J. 75:927–930.Google Scholar
Duncan, R. R. 1998. Keys to success with paspalum on golf courses. Golf Course Manag 66/2:58–60.Google Scholar
Duncan, R. R. 2000. Seashore paspalum: the turfgrass for tomorrow. Diversity 16: (1–2). 45–46.Google Scholar
Duncan, R. R. and Carrow, R. N. 2000. Soon on golf courses: new seashore paspalums. Golf Course Manag 68/5:65–67.Google Scholar
Glenn, E. P., Brown, J. J., and O'Leary, J. W. 1998. Irrigating crops with seawater. Sci. Am 279/2:76–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greub, L. J., Drolsom, P. N., and Rohweder, D. A. 1985. Salt tolerance of grasses and legumes for roadside use. Agron. J. 77:76–80.Google Scholar
Guam Environmental Protection Agency. 1990. Non-point Source Management Program. Tiyan, Guam:. GEPA. 87 p.Google Scholar
Guam Environmental Protection Agency. 1992. Revised Guam Water Quality Standards. Tiyan, Guam: GEPA. 44 p.Google Scholar
Harivandi, M. A., Butler, J. D., and Wu, L. 1992. Salinity and turfgrass culture. in Waddington, D. V., Carrow, R. N., and Shearman, R., eds. Turfgrass, Agronomy Monograph No. 32. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy. Pp. 207–230.Google Scholar
Johnson, B. J. and Duncan, R. R. 1997. Tolerance of four seashore paspalum (paspalum vaginatum) cultivars to postemergence herbicides. Weed Technol. 11:689–692.Google Scholar
Johnson, B. J. and Duncan, R. R. 2001. Effects of herbicide treatments on suppression of seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) in bermudagrass (Cynodon spp). Weed Technol. 15:163–169.Google Scholar
Marcum, K. B. and Murdoch, C. L. 1990. Growth responses, ion relations, and osmotic adaptations of eleven C4 turfgrasses to salinity. Agron. J. 82:892–896.Google Scholar
Marcum, K. B. and Murdoch, C. L. 1994. Salinity tolerance mechanisms of six C4 turfgrasses. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci 119:779–784.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyer, M. J., Smith, M. A. L., and Knight, S. L. 1989. Salinity effects on St. Augustinegrass: a novel system to quantify stress response. J. Plant Nutr 12:893–908.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wiecko, G. 1999. Crabgrass (Digitaria spp.) and mimosa [Mimosa pudica (L.) D.C.] control in recreational turf on the Pacific islands using ocean water. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr 39:18.Google Scholar
Wiecko, G. 2000a. Sequential PRE and POST herbicide treatments for goosegrass (Eleusine indica) control in bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) turf. Weed Technol. 14:776–782.Google Scholar
Wiecko, G. 2000b. Usage of Ocean Water to Control Weeds in Recreational Turf of the Pacific Islands. Madison, WI: American Society of Agronomy Abstract. 124 p.Google Scholar
Wiecko, G. 2003. Control of Mimosa strigillosa and Alysicarpus vaginalis in the tropical turf. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr 43:12.Google Scholar
Wiecko, G. and Couillard, A. 1999. Sequential postemergence/preemergence treatments for crabgrass control in bermudagrass turf. J. Environ. Hortic 17/3:103–107.Google Scholar