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Tillage and Planting Date Influence Foxtail (Setaria spp.) Emergence in Continuous Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Eric Spandl ,
Beverly R. Durgan  and
Frank Forcella
Eric Spandl
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108; and USDA-ARS, Morris, MN 56267
Beverly R. Durgan
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108; and USDA-ARS, Morris, MN 56267
Frank Forcella
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108; and USDA-ARS, Morris, MN 56267
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Abstract

Foxtail emergence patterns were evaluated in spring wheat under three tillage regimes, moldboard plow, chisel plow, and no-till, and three wheat planting dates. The first planting date was as soon as feasible in spring, and the second and third planting dates averaged 9 and 17 d later. Foxtail emergence patterns and seedbank density were evaluated each year for three consecutive years. Green foxtail was the dominant weed species. Tillage regime did not influence initial percent emergence of foxtail. Subsequent percent foxtail emergence was sometimes lower in no-till or chisel plow than in moldboard plow regimes until emergence approached 100%. By the third year, total foxtail plant emergence was greater in no-till and chisel plow than in moldboard plow and also greater in no-till than chisel plow. Earlier planting generally increased percent foxtail emergence until midseason. At 22 d after planting, average emergence of foxtail was 48, 67, and 81% for planting dates one, two, and three, respectively. Delayed planting increased rate of foxtail emergence but decreased density of emerged seedlings. Producers adopting chisel plow or no-till systems can expect to see greater foxtail infestations than in moldboard plow systems. Subsequently, more extensive weed management in reduced tillage systems will be needed to prevent heavy foxtail infestations. Delaying wheat planting may be a viable option for foxtail management through reduced plant densities and more simultaneous emergence patterns.

Keywords

Green foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. #3 SETVIwheat, Triticum aestivum L.Chisel plowedmoldboard plowedno-tillSetaria viridisSETVICP, chisel plowedDAP, days after plantingGDD, growing degree daysMP, moldboard plowedNT, no-tillPD, planting date
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 12 , Issue 2 , June 1998 , pp. 223 - 229
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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