Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-ttngx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-07T05:24:46.431Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluating Annual Bluegrass Herbicide Resistance Evolution in Golf Course Fairways

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Robert B. Cross ,
William C. Bridges Jr. ,
Lambert B. McCarty  and
J. Scott McElroy
Robert B. Cross*
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Environmental Sciences, E-143 Poole Agriculture Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
William C. Bridges Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematical Sciences, O-110 Martin Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
Lambert B. McCarty
Affiliation:
School of Agriculture, Forestry, and Environmental Sciences, E-143 Poole Agriculture Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634
J. Scott McElroy
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Soils, 201 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rbcross@clemson.edu.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Annual bluegrass is one of the most diverse plant species in the world and is the most problematic winter annual weed in commercial turfgrass. Continuous application of the same herbicide mechanism of action for annual bluegrass control on golf courses has increased herbicide-resistant populations. The purpose of this research was to simulate six herbicide-use strategies to evaluate the risk of annual bluegrass resistance evolution to glyphosate. In a worst-case scenario of yearly glyphosate applications at dormancy, resistance evolved within 10 yr and was predicted to evolve in > 90% of populations by yr 20. When glyphosate was rotated on alternate years with a unique mechanism of action, resistance was delayed for 12 to 15 yr. Season-long control of annual bluegrass often requires multiple herbicide applications. Therefore, additional strategies were simulated in which glyphosate was applied at dormancy with combinations of PRE and/or POST herbicides at various timings. Resistance was most effectively delayed with a PRE application in late summer, a POST application in fall, and alternating glyphosate with a different POST option at dormancy. This delayed resistance by 25 yr and a 35% risk was predicted after 50 yr. Strategies utilizing three annual herbicide applications with unique mechanisms of action were more effective for controlling population growth compared to other strategies. Resistance was predicted to evolve within 35 yr for each of the strategies simulated. However, these results indicate annual bluegrass herbicide resistance can be managed by using an integrated herbicide program, rotating unique mechanisms of action as frequently as possible.

Poa annua es una de las especies de plantas más diversas del mundo y es la maleza de invierno más problemática en los céspedes comerciales. La aplicación continua del mismo mecanismo de acción de herbicidas para el control de P. annua en campos de golf ha incrementado las poblaciones resistentes a herbicidas. El propósito de esta investigación fue simular seis estrategias de uso de herbicidas para evaluar el riesgo de evolución de resistencia a glyphosate para P. annua. En el peor de los escenarios, usando aplicaciones de glyphosate anualmente durante el período de latencia del césped, la resistencia evolucionó en 10 años y se predijo que se daría en > 90% de las poblaciones dentro de 20 años. Cuando glyphosate se rotó en años alternos con un mecanismo de acción único, la resistencia se retrasó 12 a 15 años. El control de P. annua durante toda la temporada de crecimiento frecuentemente requirió múltiples aplicaciones de herbicidas. Así pues, se simularon estrategias adicionales en las cuales glyphosate fue aplicado durante la latencia con combinaciones de herbicidas PRE y/o POST en varios momentos. La resistencia fue retrasada en forma más efectiva con aplicaciones PRE tarde en el verano, una aplicación POST en el otoño, y alternando glyphosate con una opción POST diferente durante la latencia. Estas prácticas retrasaron la resistencia en 25 años y se predijo un 35% de riesgo después de 50 años. Estrategias utilizando tres aplicaciones de herbicidas anuales con mecanismos de acción únicos fueron más efectivas para el control del crecimiento de la población al compararse con otras estrategias. La evolución de resistencia se predijo dentro de 35 años para cada una de las estrategias simuladas. Sin embargo, estos resultados indican que P. annua con resistencia a herbicidas puede ser manejada al usar un programa integrado de herbicidas, rotando con mecanismos de acción únicos tan frecuentemente como sea posible.

Keywords

GlyphosateAnnual bluegrass, Poa annua L.Golf courseherbicide resistancesimulation modelingturfgrass
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 29 , Issue 3 , September 2015 , pp. 488 - 500
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Beard, JB, Rieke, PE, Turgeon, AJ, Vargas, JM (1978) Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua L.) Description, Adaptation, Culture, and Control. Research Report 352. East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Agricultural Experiment Station Report 352. 32 pGoogle Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Reboud, X (2009) Selecting for weed resistance: herbicide rotation and mixture. Weed Technol 23:363–370 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binkholder, KM, Fresenburg, BS, Teuton, TC, Xiong, X, Smeda, RJ (2011) Selection of glyphosate-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua) on a golf course. Weed Sci 59:286–289 Google Scholar
Blubaugh, CK, Caceres, VA, Kaplan, I, Larson, J, Sadof, CS, Richmond, DS (2011) Ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) phenology, diversity, and response to weed cover in a turfgrass ecosystem. Environ Entomol 40:1093–1101 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brosnan, JT, Breeden, GK, McCullough, PE, Henry, GM (2012a) PRE and POST control of annual bluegrass (Poa annua) with indaziflam. Weed Technol 26:48–53 Google Scholar
Brosnan, JT, Breeden, GK, Mueller, TC (2012b) A glyphosate-resistant biotype of annual bluegrass in Tennessee. Weed Sci 60:97–100 Google Scholar
Cavan, C, Cussans, J, Moss, SR (2000) Modelling different cultivation and herbicide strategies for their effect on herbicide resistance in Alopecurus myosuroides . Weed Res 40:561–568 Google Scholar
Cross, RB, McCarty, LB, Tharayil, N, Whitwell, T, Bridges, WC Jr. (2013) Detecting annual bluegrass (Poa annua) resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides using a rapid diagnostic assay. Weed Sci 61:384–389 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Darmency, H, Gasquez, J (1983) Esterase polymorphism and growth form differentiation in Poa annua L. New Phytol 95:289–297 Google Scholar
Diggle, AJ, Neve, PB, Smith, FP (2003) Herbicides used in combination can reduce the probability of herbicide resistance in finite weed populations. Weed Res 32:371–382 Google Scholar
Flessner, ML, McElroy, JS, Baird, JH, Barnes, BD (2013) Utilizing flumioxazin for annual bluegrass (Poa annua) control in bermudagrass turf. Weed Technol 27:590–595 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golf Course Superintendents Association of America [GCSAA] (2007) Golf Course Environmental Profile: Property Profile and Environmental Stewardship of Golf Courses (Volume I). Lawrence, KS: Golf Course Superintendents Association of America. 40 pGoogle Scholar
Gustafson, GI (2008) Sustainable use of glyphosate in North American cropping systems. Pest Manag Sci 64:409–416 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harms, CT, DiMaio, JJ (1991) Primisulfuron herbicide-resistant tobacco cell lines. Application of fluctuation test design to in vitro mutant selection with plant cells. J Plant Physiol 137:513–519 Google Scholar
Heap, I (2014) The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. http://www.weedscience.com. Accessed: January 14, 2014Google Scholar
Hemp, A (2008) Introduced plants on Kilimanjaro: tourism and its impact. Plant Ecol 197:17–29 Google Scholar
Holm, LG, Doll, J, Holm, E, Pancho, JV, Herberger, JP (1997) World Weeds: Natural Histories and Distribution. New York: J. Wiley. 1152 pGoogle Scholar
Isgrigg, J III, Yelverton, FH, Brownie, C, Warren, LS (2001) Dinitroaniline resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua) in North Carolina. Weed Sci 50:86–90 Google Scholar
Jander, G, Baerson, SR, Hudak, JA, Gonzalez, KA, Gruys, KJ, Last, RL (2003) Ethylmethanesulfonate saturation mutagenesis in Arabidopsis to determine frequency of herbicide resistance. Plant Physiol 131:139–146 Google Scholar
Jasieniuk, M, Brule-Babel, AL, Morrison, IN (1996) The evolution and genetics of herbicide resistance in weeds. Weed Sci 44:176–193 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kaminski, JE, Dernoeden, PE (2007) Seasonal Poa annua L. seedling emergence patterns in Maryland. Crop Sci 47:775–781 Google Scholar
Kelly, ST, Coats, GE, Luthe, DS (1999) Mode of resistance of triazine-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua). Weed Technol 13:747–752 Google Scholar
Lorraine-Colwill, DF, Powles, SB, Hawkes, TR, Preston, C (2001) Inheritance of evolved glyphosate resistance in Lolium rigidum Gaud. Theor Appl Genet 102:545–550 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lush, WM (1988) Biology of Poa annua in a temperate zone golf putting green (Agrostis stolonifera/Poa annua) II. The seed bank. J Appl Ecol 25:989–997 Google Scholar
McCarty, LB (2011) Best Golf Course Management Practices. 3rd edn. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. 776 pGoogle Scholar
McElroy, JS, Flessner, ML, Wang, Z, Dane, F, Walker, RH, Wehtje, GR (2013) A Trp574 to Leu amino acid substitution in the ALS gene of annual bluegrass (Poa annua) is associated with resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides. Weed Sci 61:21–25 Google Scholar
Molina-Montenegro, MA, Carrasco-Urra, F, Rodrigo, C, Convey, P, Valladares, F, Gianoli, E (2012) Occurrence of the non-native annual bluegrass on the Antarctic mainland and its negative effects on native plants. Conserv Biol 26:717–723 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Naylor, RE, Abdalla, AF (1982) Variation in germination behavior. Seed Sci Tech 10:67–76 Google Scholar
Neve, P, Diggle, AJ, Smith, FP, Powles, SB (2003) Simulating evolution of glyphosate resistance in Lolium rigidum I: population biology of a rare resistance trait. Weed Res 43:404–417 Google Scholar
Neve, P, Norsworthy, JK, Smith, KL, Zelaya, IA (2010) Modelling evolution and management of glyphosate resistance in Amaranthus palmeri . Weed Res 51:99–112 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neve, P, Norsworthy, JK, Smith, KL, Zelaya, IA (2011) Modeling glyphosate resistance management strategies for Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in cotton. Weed Technol 25:335–343 Google Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Smith, KL, Scott, RC, Gbur, EE (2007) Consultant perspectives on weed management needs in Arkansas cotton. Weed Technol 21:825–831 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renton, M, Busi, R, Neve, P, Thornby, D, Vila-Aiub, M (2014) Herbicide resistance modelling: past, present, and future. Pest Manag Sci 70:1394–1404 Google Scholar
Roberts, HA, Feast, PM (1973) Emergence and longevity of seed of annual weeds in cultivated and undisturbed soil. J Appl Ecol 10:133–143 Google Scholar
Saari, LL, Cotterman, JC, Thill, DC (1994) Resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides. Pages 83–139 in Powles, SB, Holtum, JS, eds. Herbicide Resistance in Plants: Biology and Biochemistry. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Google Scholar
Taylorson, RB (1970) Changes in dormancy and viability of weed seeds in soils. Weed Sci 18:265–269 Google Scholar
Toler, JE, Willis, TG, Estes, AG, McCarty, LB (2007) Postemergence annual bluegrass control in dormant nonoverseeded bermudagrass turf. HortScience 42:670–672 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watschke, TL, Long, FW, Duich, JM (1979) Control of Poa annua by suppression of seed heads with growth regulators. Weed Sci 27:224–231 Google Scholar
Wu, L, Till-Bottraud, I, Torres, A (1987) Genetic differentiation in temperature-enforced seed dormancy among golf course populations of Poa annua L. New Phytol 107:623–631 Google Scholar