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Safe Lettuce Planting Intervals Following Herbicide Use on Fallow Beds

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Steven A. Fennimore ,
John S. Rachuy  and
Jose A. Valdez
Steven A. Fennimore*
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, Salinas, CA 93905
John S. Rachuy
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis, Salinas, CA 93905
Jose A. Valdez
Affiliation:
D'Arrigo Brothers Company, Salinas, CA 93902
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: safennimore@ucdavis.edu
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Abstract

Continuous planting of lettuce from December to September each year in the Salinas Valley of California requires preparation of raised fallow beds ready for planting. Application of soil residual herbicides during winter fallow periods controls weeds but must be used with caution because germinating lettuce seedlings are very sensitive to herbicide soil residues. Three herbicides were applied to fallow beds at about 90, 60, and 30 d before lettuce was seeded. Herbicides tested were flumioxazin at 71, 105, and 211 g ai ha−1, two formulations of oxyfluorfen each at 280 and 560 g ha−1, and carfentrazone at 36 g ha−1. Herbicide injury to lettuce was assessed by visual estimates, crop stand, and number and weight of marketable lettuce heads. The 71 g ha−1 rate of flumioxazin, both oxyfluorfen formulations, and carfentrazone did not injure seeded lettuce or reduce the number or weight of lettuce heads. Flumioxazin at 211 g ha−1 injured lettuce, reducing the number of marketable heads, and should not be used within 90 d of lettuce planting.

La siembra continua de lechuga romana de diciembre a septiembre de cada año en el Salinas Valley de California, requiere la preparación en barbecho de camas elevadas listas para la siembra. La aplicación de herbicidas residuales en el suelo durante el periodo de barbecho o descanso en invierno controla la maleza, pero debe usarse con precaución debido a que las plántulas de lechuga en germinación son muy sensibles a los residuos de herbicidas en el suelo. Se aplicaron tres herbicidas a las camas en barbecho a aproximadamente 90, 60 y 30 días antes de que la lechuga fuera sembrada. Los herbicidas evaluados fueron flumioxazina a 71, 105 y 211 g ia ha−1, dos formulaciones de oxyfluorfen cada una a 280 y 560 g ha−1, y carfentrazona a 36 g ha−1. El daño a la lechuga fue evaluado mediante estimaciones visuales, la plantación y el número y peso de las cabezas comerciables de lechuga. La dosis de flumioxazina a 71 g ha−1, ambas formulaciones de oxyfluorfen, y carfentrazona no dañaron la lechuga sembrada ni redujeron el número o peso de las cabezas. La flumioxazina a 211 g ha−1 dañó las plantas, reduciendo el número comercial de cabezas y no debe ser usado a menos de 90 días de la siembra de la lechuga romana.

Keywords

Carfentrazoneflumioxazinoxyfluorfenlettuce, Lactuca sativa L.Fallow bedherbicide degradationherbicide soil residuesvegetable crops
Type
Weed Management—Other Crops/Areas
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 25 , Issue 1 , March 2011 , pp. 103 - 106
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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